This presentation slides shows the present situation and condition of Veterinarians and Animal Welfare in Nepal.

1. Presented by:
Anil Subedi
Bedika Ghising
Bhuwan Raj Bhatta
Bibek Adhikari
Bijay Tiwari
6/9/20181

2. Introduction
Concept of Animal Welfare
Needs for Animal Welfare
Present Situation of Animal Welfare in Nepal
Religious Beliefs
Problems and Faults
Government Approaches
Animal Welfare Directive 2073
Institutional Approaches
Role of Veterinarian
Conclusion
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3. Animal welfare is the avoidance of the abuse of animals by human
beings with maintaining care, prevention, treatment, freedom and pain
towards the animal.
According to American Veterinary Medical Association “Animal
welfare is a human responsibility that encompasses all the aspects of
animal wellbeing, including proper housing , management, disease
prevention and treatment , responsible care, humane handling and when
necessary , by human euthanasia.”
INTRODUCTION
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4. In chapter 2 of “Animal Welfare Directive-2073 Nepal” there
is provision related to Animal Welfare
Freedom from hunger ,thirst and malnutrition
Freedom from fear and distress.
Freedom from physical and thermal discomfort.
Freedom from pain, injury and disease and.
Freedom to express normal patterns of behavior.
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5. NEEDS FOR ANIMAL WELFARE
Animal Welfare
Life sustaining
Health sustaining
Comfort
sustaining
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Fig: Needs for Animal Welfare

6. There is no proper animal welfare as either people are unaware or
being careless about animal welfare.
Stray , abandoned, ill treatment , improper transportation and
inhumane slaughtering are major problems in animal welfare.
The donkey and mule in hilly areas are violated by giving excessive
loads to carry.
Elephant safari and horse cart for transportation.
In Kathmandu , there were 22000 street dogs and 1200 road cattle
(KAT ,2016).
In Pokhara , there were 1767 street dogs (HART,2016).
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Stray and abandoned cattle in the road
Street dog
Overload of people in Elephant Safari

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PROS CONS
1. Believed to be incarnation of 1. Sacrifice in name of God.
God.
2. Believed as BAHAN (vehicle) of 2. Mass killing during festive like
God. Dashain, Gadhimai Mela , Bakar
Eid.
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Dog worshipped during Tihar Mass Sacrification at Gadimai Mela

10. Human superiority.
Furious nature of animal and threat.
Not proper supervision and implementation of law and its
implementation.
Negligence of concerned authority.
Haphazard use of drugs in treatment of animals.
Natural calamities and disasters.
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11. •District Livestock Service Office in every district of Nepal.
 Implements plans and program by Ministry of Livestock
Development.
 Provides veterinary health services through service centers in the
district.
•National Park and Wildlife Reserve.
12 national parks, 6 conservation areas , 1 wildlife reserve and 1
hunting reserve.
•Vulture Restaurants.
 Provides diclofenac free carcass for vulture to feed.
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 Endorsed on 2073/12/24 by the Government of Nepal
Chapter 3 describes ‘Cruelty Towards Animals’.
Chapter 4 describes ‘Responsibility and Obligation to Animal
Welfare’.
12
Working Animal Beginning working
age (yrs)
Daily Concentrated
feed (kg)
Horse/Mule 3 4
Donkey 3 2.5
Oxen/Buffalo 2 3
Sheep/Goat 1 1
Mountain Cow/yak 3 3
Elephant 13 40
Table :Minimum age to begin work and balanced diet

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•Non Governmental Organization
Kathmandu Animal Treatment center(KAT)
Sneha’s care Nepal
Animal Nepal(AN)
Street Dog care
•International Non Governmental Organizations
Himalayan Animal Rescue Trust(HART)
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AN March 2017 KAT 2017 HART 2017
Street Dog Care
2016
Street Dog Care
2011-2013
Street Dog Care
2014-2015
TOTAL
Neutering 138 120 141 399
Vaccination 128 120 141 1731 1500 1900 5520
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
No.OfAnimals
Neutering and Vaccinated Animals
Neutering Vaccination
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15. Veterinarian being the health personal of animals should take much more
responsibility for animal welfare.
Awareness to people regarding human behavior.
The public awareness about harmful impact of violence to animal health
should be made in the ground level.
They should be aware that stressed condition in animal could lead to the
diseased condition so handle with care.
Research on situation of Animal Welfare and reporting to higher authority.
They should provide proper required health facility to the animals.
The veterinarians could also play an important role in formulation of laws
for animal welfare and also for strong implementation of it.
Supervise and instruct junior personnel concerned with animal welfare
services
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Spaying of dog at Veterinary
Teaching Hospital, Paklihawa
Rabies Vaccination by Animal
Nepal Organization

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Besides the existence of different laws, private and government
organizations, welfare towards the animal has not been effective due to the
political instability and lack of dissemination of awareness all over the
country.
It needs to provide the proper knowledge about animal welfare to the people.
Animals must be provided water, food, proper handling, health care, and an
environment appropriate to their care and use, with thoughtful consideration
for their species-typical biology and behavior.
Animals should be cared for in ways that minimize fear, pain, stress, and
suffering.
 Moreover, improving animal welfare is necessary to reduce animal
sufferings in line with the requirements of Government, NGOs and INGOs,
who are becoming concerned about welfare of animals.
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18. Animal Welfare Directive,2073 (2016A.D.).Ministry Of Livestock Department, Singhadurbar.
Animal Welfare Worldwide. THE ROLE OF VETERINARY SERVICES IN IMPROVING ANIMAL
CARE, [Retrieved from] http://www.icfaw.org/Documents/animal%20welfare%20worldwide.pdf
ANTI-RABIES VACCINATION CAMP AT DHAPAKHEL, animalNEPALorg, [Retrieved from]
http://animalnepal.org/anti-rabies-vaccination-camp-at-dhapakhel/
Jay Akbar, (2015). The death of Nepal's killing fields: Centuries-old festival where Hindus decapitate
hundreds of thousands of animals to appease goddess is banned, [Retrieved from]
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3176928/The-death-Nepal-s-killing-fields-Bloody-centuries-old-
festival-Hindus-decapitate-hundreds-thousands-animals-appease-goddess-banned.html
Kathmandu Animal Treatment Centre,(2016). Animal Birth Control (ABC) & Rabies Vaccination
Programme. [Retrieved from] http://www.katcentre.org.np/about/whatwedo.html
STREET DOG CARE, [Retrieved from] http://www.streetdogcare.org/
NseAbasi N. Etim*, Edem E. A. Offiong, Glory D. Eyoh and MetiAbasi D. Udo.(2013). STRESS AND
ANIMAL WELFARE: AN UNEASY RELATIONSHIP. European Journal of Advanced Research in
Biological and Life Sciences 1(1). [Retrieved from] http://www.idpublications.org/wp-
content/uploads/2013/09/STRESS-AND-ANIMAL-WELFARE-AN-UNEASY-RELATIONSHIP.pdf
What is Animal Welfare, [Retrieved from]
https://www.thebrooke.org/sites/default/files/Animal%20Welfare/What-is-animal-welfare.pdf
Work With Animal Nepal, HART Himalayan Animal Rescue Trust, [Retrieved from]
http://www.hartnepal.org/resources/newsletter_2014-01.html#TOP
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