This document describes the physical characteristics of 14 different vertebrate species. It provides details on size, weight, coloration, locomotion abilities, diet, and other distinguishing physical traits for each species. The species described include the Great Horned Owl, Black Bear, Siberian Tiger, White Rhinoceros, Nile Crocodile, Blue Poison Dart Frog, Leatherback Sea Turtle, Platypus, Red Kangaroo, and Ball Python.
This document summarizes poisonous and non-poisonous snakes found in India. It identifies three main poisonous snakes as the krait, cobra, and viper. It describes their physical attributes and behaviors. The krait has hexagonal scales and neurotoxic venom. The cobra can expand its neck hood and has neurotoxic venom. The viper has a pit or loreal pit between its eyes, movable fangs, and injects venom when threatened. Two non-poisonous snakes highlighted are the rat snake and python. The rat snake aggressively defends itself but is not poisonous, while the python grows very large and preys on other animals. The document also examines the poison apparatus and different types of
Banks Elementary provides an overview of its mission and programs for the 2012-2013 school year. It prepares students for success using 21st century skills within a supportive learning environment. The document also provides information about carpool times, Banks being a Title I school which supports teaching positions and technology with federal funding, and opportunities for parent involvement. Upcoming dates are listed, including progress reports, holidays, and the holiday shoppe. The document concludes with samples of student work on different bird species.
Snakes-poisonous & Non poisonous, venom ,biting mechanism SoniaBajaj10
Snakes are found worldwide except in a few locations like Antarctica. There are over 3,000 snake species, with about 600 being venomous and only 200 able to significantly harm humans. Snakes are covered in scales, lay eggs, and shed their skin periodically. The document discusses key facts about snakes such as their distribution, venomous characteristics, physical traits, shedding and birthing habits. It cites several references used to compile the information.
This document summarizes information about snakes found in Bangladesh and on the CUET campus. It discusses the classification of snakes as venomous or non-venomous. It provides details on the most venomous snakes globally such as the Belcher's Sea Snake, Inland Taipan, Black Mamba, and King Cobra. It also lists venomous and non-venomous snake species found in Bangladesh and provides examples of snakes spotted on the CUET campus, including cobras, vipers, and pythons. The document concludes by noting snakes play an important ecological role and that students live in a dangerous environment given the presence of venomous snakes on campus.
The Rough Scaled Bush Viper has a short snout and elongated, heavily keeled dorsal scales giving it a shaggy appearance. It lives in forests and dense vegetation in parts of Africa, preying mainly on small mammals through ambush attacks at night using its rapid strikes. Males are surprisingly long and slender compared to females, which can reach a maximum length of 29 inches while males max out at 23 inches.
This document discusses snakes found in Botswana. It notes that Botswana has 58 snake species, 22 of which are non-venomous while 7 can inflict painful bites and 9 are potentially deadly. It categorizes snakes' venom as cytotoxic, neurotoxic, or hemotoxic. The most dangerous snakes in Botswana include the snouted cobra, black mamba, Mozambique spitting cobra, puff adder, boomslang, and vine snake. It provides details on the habitat, diet, reproduction and venom of these species. Finally, it recommends ways to avoid snakebites such as avoiding long grass and not disturbing snakes.
Snakes can be identified as poisonous or non-poisonous based on several physical features:
1. Poisonous snakes have 1-2 puncture wounds from fangs, continuous blood flow, and round/cylindrical tails. Non-poisonous snakes have many puncture wounds that stop bleeding.
2. Poisonous snakes have broad ventral scales extending across the belly, while non-poisonous snakes have narrow ventral scales.
3. Poisonous snakes like cobras and kraits have small scales on the head and features like loreal pits between the eyes and nose.
The document discusses several poisonous and non-poisonous snake species. It provides details on the king cobra, the world's longest venomous snake reaching up to 18.8 feet, and the black mamba, one of the fastest snakes capable of 11 km/h. It compares their average lengths, maximum lengths, venom types and quantities, diets, and geographic ranges. The document also briefly describes several non-poisonous snake species found in India like the common worm snake, Perrotet's shield-tail snake, common sand boa, Indian rock python, red sand boa, vine snake, and bronze-back tree snake.
This document summarizes poisonous and non-poisonous snakes found in India. It identifies three main poisonous snakes as the krait, cobra, and viper. It describes their physical attributes and behaviors. The krait has hexagonal scales and neurotoxic venom. The cobra can expand its neck hood and has neurotoxic venom. The viper has a pit or loreal pit between its eyes, movable fangs, and injects venom when threatened. Two non-poisonous snakes highlighted are the rat snake and python. The rat snake aggressively defends itself but is not poisonous, while the python grows very large and preys on other animals. The document also examines the poison apparatus and different types of
Banks Elementary provides an overview of its mission and programs for the 2012-2013 school year. It prepares students for success using 21st century skills within a supportive learning environment. The document also provides information about carpool times, Banks being a Title I school which supports teaching positions and technology with federal funding, and opportunities for parent involvement. Upcoming dates are listed, including progress reports, holidays, and the holiday shoppe. The document concludes with samples of student work on different bird species.
Snakes-poisonous & Non poisonous, venom ,biting mechanism SoniaBajaj10
Snakes are found worldwide except in a few locations like Antarctica. There are over 3,000 snake species, with about 600 being venomous and only 200 able to significantly harm humans. Snakes are covered in scales, lay eggs, and shed their skin periodically. The document discusses key facts about snakes such as their distribution, venomous characteristics, physical traits, shedding and birthing habits. It cites several references used to compile the information.
This document summarizes information about snakes found in Bangladesh and on the CUET campus. It discusses the classification of snakes as venomous or non-venomous. It provides details on the most venomous snakes globally such as the Belcher's Sea Snake, Inland Taipan, Black Mamba, and King Cobra. It also lists venomous and non-venomous snake species found in Bangladesh and provides examples of snakes spotted on the CUET campus, including cobras, vipers, and pythons. The document concludes by noting snakes play an important ecological role and that students live in a dangerous environment given the presence of venomous snakes on campus.
The Rough Scaled Bush Viper has a short snout and elongated, heavily keeled dorsal scales giving it a shaggy appearance. It lives in forests and dense vegetation in parts of Africa, preying mainly on small mammals through ambush attacks at night using its rapid strikes. Males are surprisingly long and slender compared to females, which can reach a maximum length of 29 inches while males max out at 23 inches.
This document discusses snakes found in Botswana. It notes that Botswana has 58 snake species, 22 of which are non-venomous while 7 can inflict painful bites and 9 are potentially deadly. It categorizes snakes' venom as cytotoxic, neurotoxic, or hemotoxic. The most dangerous snakes in Botswana include the snouted cobra, black mamba, Mozambique spitting cobra, puff adder, boomslang, and vine snake. It provides details on the habitat, diet, reproduction and venom of these species. Finally, it recommends ways to avoid snakebites such as avoiding long grass and not disturbing snakes.
Snakes can be identified as poisonous or non-poisonous based on several physical features:
1. Poisonous snakes have 1-2 puncture wounds from fangs, continuous blood flow, and round/cylindrical tails. Non-poisonous snakes have many puncture wounds that stop bleeding.
2. Poisonous snakes have broad ventral scales extending across the belly, while non-poisonous snakes have narrow ventral scales.
3. Poisonous snakes like cobras and kraits have small scales on the head and features like loreal pits between the eyes and nose.
The document discusses several poisonous and non-poisonous snake species. It provides details on the king cobra, the world's longest venomous snake reaching up to 18.8 feet, and the black mamba, one of the fastest snakes capable of 11 km/h. It compares their average lengths, maximum lengths, venom types and quantities, diets, and geographic ranges. The document also briefly describes several non-poisonous snake species found in India like the common worm snake, Perrotet's shield-tail snake, common sand boa, Indian rock python, red sand boa, vine snake, and bronze-back tree snake.
This document provides information about various snake species. It discusses where snakes live, including in forests, rivers, holes, rocks, grasslands and caves. It notes that snakes have jaws that are not connected at the back, allowing them to swallow large prey. Snakes have natural predators like birds, wild boars, and other snakes. The document also gives details on specific snakes like water moccasins, copperheads, garter snakes, rattlesnakes, pythons, water snakes, cobras, tiger snakes, coral snakes, and pigmy rattlesnakes.
Snakes are found worldwide except Antarctica and come in many shapes, sizes and colors. There are about 3,000 snake species, around 375 of which are venomous. Snakes have excellent senses of smell and vision which help them hunt prey. They swallow prey whole due to flexible jaws and teeth pointed backwards. Snakes shed their skin as they grow and most mate annually. The largest snake is the reticulated python and smallest is the thread snake. While some snakes are dangerous, most are beneficial and their habitats are disappearing.
Viper,the snake viper major poison and several types vipers are presentAnand P P
Vipers are venomous snakes found worldwide except in Antarctica, Australia, and a few other regions. They are characterized by distinct loreal pits between the eyes and nostrils. The two main types are pit vipers, which have loreal pits, and pitless vipers. Two common species in India are Russell's viper and saw-scaled viper. Russell's viper has a thick body with V-shaped marks on its head and three rows of black patches on its back. The saw-scaled viper has a stocky body with a cross mark on its head and zigzag pattern on its back. Both species are nocturnal and lay eggs.
This document provides information about poisonous and non-poisonous snakes found in India. It discusses that there are about 3000 snake species worldwide, of which around 300 are poisonous. It then focuses on the main poisonous snakes in South India, including vipers, cobras, kraits, coral snakes, and sea snakes. The document describes methods for identifying poisonous snakes based on characteristics like the nature of the snake bite, tail, ventrals, head shields, sub-caudal scales, and vertebrals. Specific poisonous snakes covered in more detail include the Indian cobra, king cobra, krait, Russell's viper, and sea snakes. The document also briefly describes some common non-
Snakes evolved from lizards, and lizards today make up 95% of living reptiles. There are over 4,300 species of lizards that regulate their body temperature through behaviors like lifting their belly from hot surfaces. Lizards use their tails and legs for defense and speed, and most are carnivorous while some are herbivorous, with only two venomous species.
I have chosen this topic for it is highly relevant in today’s context of the need to conserve snakes.
The objective of the presentation is a simplistic overview of the essential facts about snakes so that the audience understands and appreciates the uniqueness and goodwill of snakes. This a compilation of existing literature on snakes.
It is hoped that the presentation will kindle in the minds of the audience an interest to know more about snakes and an urge to desist from torturing them
Reptiles include turtles, lizards, snakes, tuatara, and crocodilians. They are cold-blooded with scale-covered skin and breathe through lungs. There are 5 orders of reptiles: Rhynchocephalia containing the tuatara; Chelonia containing turtles; Squamata containing lizards and snakes; and Crocodilia containing crocodiles and alligators. Reptiles range in size from 3 inches to over 30 feet and live on every continent except Antarctica.
1. GENERAL ACCOUNT ON CLASSIFICATION, INSECT CLASSIFICATION
2. The branch of zoology that is concerned with the study of insects is called entomology. What is Applied Entomology? The branch of entomology which deals with the study of ways to control insects (Pests) in terrestrial ecosystem. Entomologist: An entomologist is a scientist who studies insects. Entomologists have many important jobs, such as the study of the classification, life cycle, distribution, physiology, behavior, ecology and population dynamics of insects. What is Entomology?
3. Body divided into 3 parts (head, thorax, and abdomen) Head with 1 pair of antennae and compound eye Mouthparts consisting of a pair of mandibles and 2 pairs of maxillae Thorax with 3 pairs of legs and usually 1 or 2 pairs of wings Abdomen is segmented Genital opening is present near anus Metamorphosis usually occurs About 1,000,000 species occur in worldwide distribution. Class Insecta
4. Class Insecta
5. The class Insecta is divided into orders on the basis of the structure of the head, including eyes, mouthparts, and antennae; the thorax, including legs and wings; and the abdomen, including segmentation. The genitalia and their accessory structures, which are usually located in the ninth abdominal segment, are also important in classification. Other taxonomic criteria include sensory receptors, pattern of wing venation, and position of mouthparts. In addition, type of metamorphosis and form of larva and pupa are also used to distinguish insects. How Insects are Classified?
6. Scientific classification Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Arthropoda Class: Insecta Order: Diptera Family: Culicidae Subfamily: Anophelinae Genus: Anopheles Species: stephensi Anopheles stephensi (Mosquito)
7. Insects are classified into 29 orders. These insect orders are the key in identifying and understanding insects. The insect orders are arranged from the most primitive wingless insects to the insect groups that have undergone the greatest evolutionary change. Most insect order names end in ptera, which comes from the Greek word pteron, meaning wing. Insects Classification
8. Insects Orders 1. Thysanura 8. Grylloblatodea 15. Zoraptera 22. Mecoptera 2. Diplura 9. Orthoptera 16. Psocoptera 23. Siphonaptera 3. Protura 10. Phasmida 17. Mallophaga 24. Coleoptera 4. Collembola 11. Dermaptera 18. Siphunculata 25. Strepsiptera 5. Ephemeroptera 12. Embiidina 19. Hemiptera 26. Diptera 6. Odonata 13. Dictyoptera 20. Thysanoptera 27. Lepidoptera 7. Plecoptera 14. Isoptera 21. Neuroptera 28. Trichoptera 29. Hymenoptera
Lizards make up 60% of reptiles and occur on all continents except Antarctica. They are typically identified by their elongated body and four limbs with a long tail. Lizards vary tremendously in size, from the smallest gecko at 1.5 inches to the largest Komodo dragon at 10 feet. Lizards tails serve different purposes depending on the species, such as providing extra grip for chameleons or breaking off as a defense mechanism to escape predators for other species. Monitor lizards are considered the most advanced lizards as the direct ancestors of snakes, shown through traits like their long, serpentine body and forked tongue.
The Indian cobra is a highly venomous snake found throughout South Asia. It has a wide black band on its neck and can raise its neck to form a hood as a threat display. It preys on rodents, frogs and other small animals. The cobra's venom is neurotoxic and can paralyze or kill with its bite. It reproduces by laying 12-20 eggs and the female guards them until hatching. The cobra plays an important role in balancing ecosystems but its venom also makes it dangerous to humans, and habitat loss now threatens the species.
Amphibians are vertebrate animals that can live both on land and in water. They have permeable skin, undergo metamorphosis from an aquatic larval stage to a terrestrial adult stage, and have characteristics like a backbone, gills, and being cold-blooded. A new family of limbless, soil-dwelling amphibians over a meter long has recently been discovered living underground across 58 locations in northeastern India.
This document describes the discovery and analysis of Stegodon bombifrons fossils from the Pinjor Stage of the Soan Formation in Jari Kas, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan. Key points:
- The fossils include a skull with upper dentition of Stegodon bombifrons dated to 2.6-0.6 million years old.
- Stegodon bombifrons is an extinct genus of proboscidean that was a sister group to mammoths and elephants.
- Analysis of the teeth and cranium shows characteristics common to Stegodon, such as thick enamel and broad teeth with low ridges.
- This discovery adds to the fossil record of Stegodon in Asia
The Indian Cobra can grow up to 7 feet long and weigh around 20 pounds. Their scales protect their skin and help regulate moisture, and are similar in material to fingernails. They breathe through an opening in their voice box and lay eggs instead of giving live birth, incubating 20-40 eggs at a time in warm conditions. To defend itself, the Indian Cobra can squirt venom from its mouth or attack from under water, and will strangle its prey. It lives in hot, tropical areas like rainforests and India, migrating wherever moisture is available, and preys on small animals though is not currently endangered.
A brief study on naja naja the indian cobraSoaham Padhan
A brief study paper on Naja naja- the cobra of India including their classification, life style, habit habitat, reproduction, etc. It will help you to get a total idea about the species of Phylum- Reptilia.
Fish first appeared around 425-500 million years ago, with the earliest fossils coming from an Ostracoderm. Ostracoderms lacked jaws and fins but were the first vertebrates. They eventually went extinct, giving rise to two groups - Placoderms and Acanthodians. Placoderms had thick bony plates and jaws fused to their skulls while Acanthodians evolved movable jaws and later became bony fish.
The document summarizes several types of venomous snakes found in India. It describes the cobra, which can grow up to 2 meters long and has a hood-like neck. Cobras are responsible for many deaths due to respiratory paralysis and cardiac failure from their neurotoxic venom. Pain killers have also been derived from cobra venom. The king cobra is the largest venomous snake and feeds mainly on other snakes. Kraits are also highly venomous and their venom induces nerve paralysis and destroys red blood cells. Saw-scaled vipers, malabar pit vipers, and bamboo pit vipers are common vipers in India with haemotoxic venom.
1. The document discusses the evolution of early fish according to the geological time scale. It describes important early fish species from the Cambrian, Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian, Carboniferous, Permian, Triassic, Jurassic, Cretaceous and Cenozoic eras.
2. Early fish evolved from jawless fish like Haikouichthys in the Cambrian period to jawed fish like Arandaspis in the Ordovician. Important jawed fish in the Silurian included spiny sharks and placoderms.
3. Diverse fish groups appeared in the Devonian period, including lobe-finned fish, sharks and armored fish
The king cobra is the largest venomous snake in the world, able to grow up to 18 feet long. It has a large hood and spreads it when threatened, along with raising up to 6 feet of its body off the ground. The king cobra's venom is powerful enough to kill elephants or 20 people. It preys on other snakes and lizards, hunting with its keen eyesight and sense of smell. Though facing threats from habitat loss and killing, the king cobra remains not yet endangered.
The document discusses different groups of animals including amphibians, birds, mammals, reptiles, and insects. It provides 3 key characteristics for each group:
Amphibians are vertebrates that are ectothermic, breathe through their skin, and go through metamorphosis. Birds are vertebrates that are endothermic, have feathers, and lay eggs. Mammals are vertebrates that are endothermic, have hair, and produce milk to feed their young. Reptiles are vertebrates that are ectothermic, covered in scales, and have lungs. Insects are invertebrates that have a 3-part body structure, hatch from eggs, and have 6 legs
The jackrabbit is a brown, furry mammal that lives in fields and has long back legs. It moves quickly by hopping at speeds up to 50 miles per hour and eats grass and bushes. Jackrabbits can have multiple litters per year and baby jackrabbits can start hopping within hours of birth, eventually growing up to 27 inches long.
Turtles are reptiles with a strong shell that protects their inner organs and backbone. They can live on land or in water, breathing air through a process called buccal pumping. Their shells come in different shapes depending on whether they live on land or in water. While most turtle species lay eggs, some turtle genders are determined by temperature during incubation. The alligator snapping turtle is one of the largest turtle species known for its size, spiked shell, and diet of fish and smaller animals.
Killer whales, also known as orcas, are highly intelligent apex predators found in oceans around the world. They live in family pods that are led by the oldest females and can include up to four generations. While highly social, pods do not interbreed with closely related whales. Killer whales communicate using distinct dialects and vocalizations. Though fearsome hunters, there are no recorded wild killer whale attacks on humans. However, whales in captivity face serious health and behavioral issues due to the stressful conditions of captivity.
This document provides information about various snake species. It discusses where snakes live, including in forests, rivers, holes, rocks, grasslands and caves. It notes that snakes have jaws that are not connected at the back, allowing them to swallow large prey. Snakes have natural predators like birds, wild boars, and other snakes. The document also gives details on specific snakes like water moccasins, copperheads, garter snakes, rattlesnakes, pythons, water snakes, cobras, tiger snakes, coral snakes, and pigmy rattlesnakes.
Snakes are found worldwide except Antarctica and come in many shapes, sizes and colors. There are about 3,000 snake species, around 375 of which are venomous. Snakes have excellent senses of smell and vision which help them hunt prey. They swallow prey whole due to flexible jaws and teeth pointed backwards. Snakes shed their skin as they grow and most mate annually. The largest snake is the reticulated python and smallest is the thread snake. While some snakes are dangerous, most are beneficial and their habitats are disappearing.
Viper,the snake viper major poison and several types vipers are presentAnand P P
Vipers are venomous snakes found worldwide except in Antarctica, Australia, and a few other regions. They are characterized by distinct loreal pits between the eyes and nostrils. The two main types are pit vipers, which have loreal pits, and pitless vipers. Two common species in India are Russell's viper and saw-scaled viper. Russell's viper has a thick body with V-shaped marks on its head and three rows of black patches on its back. The saw-scaled viper has a stocky body with a cross mark on its head and zigzag pattern on its back. Both species are nocturnal and lay eggs.
This document provides information about poisonous and non-poisonous snakes found in India. It discusses that there are about 3000 snake species worldwide, of which around 300 are poisonous. It then focuses on the main poisonous snakes in South India, including vipers, cobras, kraits, coral snakes, and sea snakes. The document describes methods for identifying poisonous snakes based on characteristics like the nature of the snake bite, tail, ventrals, head shields, sub-caudal scales, and vertebrals. Specific poisonous snakes covered in more detail include the Indian cobra, king cobra, krait, Russell's viper, and sea snakes. The document also briefly describes some common non-
Snakes evolved from lizards, and lizards today make up 95% of living reptiles. There are over 4,300 species of lizards that regulate their body temperature through behaviors like lifting their belly from hot surfaces. Lizards use their tails and legs for defense and speed, and most are carnivorous while some are herbivorous, with only two venomous species.
I have chosen this topic for it is highly relevant in today’s context of the need to conserve snakes.
The objective of the presentation is a simplistic overview of the essential facts about snakes so that the audience understands and appreciates the uniqueness and goodwill of snakes. This a compilation of existing literature on snakes.
It is hoped that the presentation will kindle in the minds of the audience an interest to know more about snakes and an urge to desist from torturing them
Reptiles include turtles, lizards, snakes, tuatara, and crocodilians. They are cold-blooded with scale-covered skin and breathe through lungs. There are 5 orders of reptiles: Rhynchocephalia containing the tuatara; Chelonia containing turtles; Squamata containing lizards and snakes; and Crocodilia containing crocodiles and alligators. Reptiles range in size from 3 inches to over 30 feet and live on every continent except Antarctica.
1. GENERAL ACCOUNT ON CLASSIFICATION, INSECT CLASSIFICATION
2. The branch of zoology that is concerned with the study of insects is called entomology. What is Applied Entomology? The branch of entomology which deals with the study of ways to control insects (Pests) in terrestrial ecosystem. Entomologist: An entomologist is a scientist who studies insects. Entomologists have many important jobs, such as the study of the classification, life cycle, distribution, physiology, behavior, ecology and population dynamics of insects. What is Entomology?
3. Body divided into 3 parts (head, thorax, and abdomen) Head with 1 pair of antennae and compound eye Mouthparts consisting of a pair of mandibles and 2 pairs of maxillae Thorax with 3 pairs of legs and usually 1 or 2 pairs of wings Abdomen is segmented Genital opening is present near anus Metamorphosis usually occurs About 1,000,000 species occur in worldwide distribution. Class Insecta
4. Class Insecta
5. The class Insecta is divided into orders on the basis of the structure of the head, including eyes, mouthparts, and antennae; the thorax, including legs and wings; and the abdomen, including segmentation. The genitalia and their accessory structures, which are usually located in the ninth abdominal segment, are also important in classification. Other taxonomic criteria include sensory receptors, pattern of wing venation, and position of mouthparts. In addition, type of metamorphosis and form of larva and pupa are also used to distinguish insects. How Insects are Classified?
6. Scientific classification Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Arthropoda Class: Insecta Order: Diptera Family: Culicidae Subfamily: Anophelinae Genus: Anopheles Species: stephensi Anopheles stephensi (Mosquito)
7. Insects are classified into 29 orders. These insect orders are the key in identifying and understanding insects. The insect orders are arranged from the most primitive wingless insects to the insect groups that have undergone the greatest evolutionary change. Most insect order names end in ptera, which comes from the Greek word pteron, meaning wing. Insects Classification
8. Insects Orders 1. Thysanura 8. Grylloblatodea 15. Zoraptera 22. Mecoptera 2. Diplura 9. Orthoptera 16. Psocoptera 23. Siphonaptera 3. Protura 10. Phasmida 17. Mallophaga 24. Coleoptera 4. Collembola 11. Dermaptera 18. Siphunculata 25. Strepsiptera 5. Ephemeroptera 12. Embiidina 19. Hemiptera 26. Diptera 6. Odonata 13. Dictyoptera 20. Thysanoptera 27. Lepidoptera 7. Plecoptera 14. Isoptera 21. Neuroptera 28. Trichoptera 29. Hymenoptera
Lizards make up 60% of reptiles and occur on all continents except Antarctica. They are typically identified by their elongated body and four limbs with a long tail. Lizards vary tremendously in size, from the smallest gecko at 1.5 inches to the largest Komodo dragon at 10 feet. Lizards tails serve different purposes depending on the species, such as providing extra grip for chameleons or breaking off as a defense mechanism to escape predators for other species. Monitor lizards are considered the most advanced lizards as the direct ancestors of snakes, shown through traits like their long, serpentine body and forked tongue.
The Indian cobra is a highly venomous snake found throughout South Asia. It has a wide black band on its neck and can raise its neck to form a hood as a threat display. It preys on rodents, frogs and other small animals. The cobra's venom is neurotoxic and can paralyze or kill with its bite. It reproduces by laying 12-20 eggs and the female guards them until hatching. The cobra plays an important role in balancing ecosystems but its venom also makes it dangerous to humans, and habitat loss now threatens the species.
Amphibians are vertebrate animals that can live both on land and in water. They have permeable skin, undergo metamorphosis from an aquatic larval stage to a terrestrial adult stage, and have characteristics like a backbone, gills, and being cold-blooded. A new family of limbless, soil-dwelling amphibians over a meter long has recently been discovered living underground across 58 locations in northeastern India.
This document describes the discovery and analysis of Stegodon bombifrons fossils from the Pinjor Stage of the Soan Formation in Jari Kas, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan. Key points:
- The fossils include a skull with upper dentition of Stegodon bombifrons dated to 2.6-0.6 million years old.
- Stegodon bombifrons is an extinct genus of proboscidean that was a sister group to mammoths and elephants.
- Analysis of the teeth and cranium shows characteristics common to Stegodon, such as thick enamel and broad teeth with low ridges.
- This discovery adds to the fossil record of Stegodon in Asia
The Indian Cobra can grow up to 7 feet long and weigh around 20 pounds. Their scales protect their skin and help regulate moisture, and are similar in material to fingernails. They breathe through an opening in their voice box and lay eggs instead of giving live birth, incubating 20-40 eggs at a time in warm conditions. To defend itself, the Indian Cobra can squirt venom from its mouth or attack from under water, and will strangle its prey. It lives in hot, tropical areas like rainforests and India, migrating wherever moisture is available, and preys on small animals though is not currently endangered.
A brief study on naja naja the indian cobraSoaham Padhan
A brief study paper on Naja naja- the cobra of India including their classification, life style, habit habitat, reproduction, etc. It will help you to get a total idea about the species of Phylum- Reptilia.
Fish first appeared around 425-500 million years ago, with the earliest fossils coming from an Ostracoderm. Ostracoderms lacked jaws and fins but were the first vertebrates. They eventually went extinct, giving rise to two groups - Placoderms and Acanthodians. Placoderms had thick bony plates and jaws fused to their skulls while Acanthodians evolved movable jaws and later became bony fish.
The document summarizes several types of venomous snakes found in India. It describes the cobra, which can grow up to 2 meters long and has a hood-like neck. Cobras are responsible for many deaths due to respiratory paralysis and cardiac failure from their neurotoxic venom. Pain killers have also been derived from cobra venom. The king cobra is the largest venomous snake and feeds mainly on other snakes. Kraits are also highly venomous and their venom induces nerve paralysis and destroys red blood cells. Saw-scaled vipers, malabar pit vipers, and bamboo pit vipers are common vipers in India with haemotoxic venom.
1. The document discusses the evolution of early fish according to the geological time scale. It describes important early fish species from the Cambrian, Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian, Carboniferous, Permian, Triassic, Jurassic, Cretaceous and Cenozoic eras.
2. Early fish evolved from jawless fish like Haikouichthys in the Cambrian period to jawed fish like Arandaspis in the Ordovician. Important jawed fish in the Silurian included spiny sharks and placoderms.
3. Diverse fish groups appeared in the Devonian period, including lobe-finned fish, sharks and armored fish
The king cobra is the largest venomous snake in the world, able to grow up to 18 feet long. It has a large hood and spreads it when threatened, along with raising up to 6 feet of its body off the ground. The king cobra's venom is powerful enough to kill elephants or 20 people. It preys on other snakes and lizards, hunting with its keen eyesight and sense of smell. Though facing threats from habitat loss and killing, the king cobra remains not yet endangered.
The document discusses different groups of animals including amphibians, birds, mammals, reptiles, and insects. It provides 3 key characteristics for each group:
Amphibians are vertebrates that are ectothermic, breathe through their skin, and go through metamorphosis. Birds are vertebrates that are endothermic, have feathers, and lay eggs. Mammals are vertebrates that are endothermic, have hair, and produce milk to feed their young. Reptiles are vertebrates that are ectothermic, covered in scales, and have lungs. Insects are invertebrates that have a 3-part body structure, hatch from eggs, and have 6 legs
The jackrabbit is a brown, furry mammal that lives in fields and has long back legs. It moves quickly by hopping at speeds up to 50 miles per hour and eats grass and bushes. Jackrabbits can have multiple litters per year and baby jackrabbits can start hopping within hours of birth, eventually growing up to 27 inches long.
Turtles are reptiles with a strong shell that protects their inner organs and backbone. They can live on land or in water, breathing air through a process called buccal pumping. Their shells come in different shapes depending on whether they live on land or in water. While most turtle species lay eggs, some turtle genders are determined by temperature during incubation. The alligator snapping turtle is one of the largest turtle species known for its size, spiked shell, and diet of fish and smaller animals.
Killer whales, also known as orcas, are highly intelligent apex predators found in oceans around the world. They live in family pods that are led by the oldest females and can include up to four generations. While highly social, pods do not interbreed with closely related whales. Killer whales communicate using distinct dialects and vocalizations. Though fearsome hunters, there are no recorded wild killer whale attacks on humans. However, whales in captivity face serious health and behavioral issues due to the stressful conditions of captivity.
Marine mammals include cetaceans, sirenians, and carnivores that rely on the ocean for existence. They are warm-blooded, breathe air, bear live young, and nurse with milk. Cetaceans include whales, dolphins, and porpoises that communicate and echolocate. Sirenians such as manatees and dugongs graze on aquatic plants. Carnivores include three families of pinnipeds (seals, sea lions, walrus), polar bears, and two families of otters. Physiological adaptations allow marine mammals to dive, thermoregulate, and locomote in water. Many species face threats and some are endangered.
The document describes several species found on the Great Barrier Reef, including coral trout, sea turtles, giant clams, clownfish, blue tang, olive sea snakes, parrotfish, gray reef sharks, stingrays, and Maori wrasse. Coral trout change color when eating and are protogynous hermaphrodites, starting as female and turning male with age. Six of the seven sea turtle species in the world are found on the Great Barrier Reef, including green, leatherback, and hawksbill turtles. Giant clams can grow over 1 meter and are simultaneous hermaphrodites. Clownfish are known to change sex during their lifetime.
KELAS 12 SMK PERTEMUAN 1// Report Text Part 1SALAMMACAPAT
1. The document discusses the structure and language features of factual report texts. It provides definitions, purposes, generic structures, and language features.
2. Examples of a factual report on kangaroos are provided, demonstrating the generic structure of general classification and description.
3. Key points about writing factual reports are emphasized, including using general nouns, relating verbs, technical terms, and paragraphs with topic sentences.
The document discusses various animal adaptations for survival. It describes how elephants' trunks are used for tasks like drinking, communication and feeding. It also notes that elephants' large ears help keep them cool in the hot African climate. Giraffes' adaptations like camouflage coats and long necks help them survive on the African savanna. Geckos have special feet that allow them to climb and sharp teeth to eat insects. Kangaroos can go without water and hop at fast speeds to escape predators in Australia. Sharks have keen smell and denticles instead of scales.
The document discusses various animal adaptations for survival. It describes how elephants' trunks are used for tasks like drinking, communication and feeding. It also explains how elephants' large ears help cool their bodies. Giraffes' long necks allow them to reach tall trees, while their patterns help camouflage them. Echidnas use spines and burrowing to defend themselves. Geckos have feet that cling to surfaces and drop their tails to escape. Kangaroos can hop fast for defense and conserve energy. Sharks have keen smell and denticles instead of scales.
This document provides a scientific classification and overview of the physical characteristics, diet, habitat, behavior, life cycle, and conservation status of the killer whale (Orcinus orca). It classifies killer whales scientifically and describes their size, coloration, fins, teeth, skin, and blubber. It also summarizes their predatory diet, global habitat and distribution, migration patterns linked to prey, sexual maturity reaching 7-17 years old, and listing as protected on international agreements.
Reptiles are cold-blooded animals that first evolved around 330 million years ago. They are covered in scales or scutes and lay amniotic eggs, allowing them to reproduce on land. Reptiles are classified based on characteristics of their skin, skeleton, respiration and other features. There are three major subclasses - Anapsida which includes modern turtles, Synapsida which are mammal-like reptiles, and Diapsida which is the largest group and includes lizards, snakes and crocodilians. Orders within these subclasses differ in traits like teeth, limbs and diet. Reptiles inhabit diverse habitats globally except Antarctica, with some limitations due to their inability to regulate body temperature.
This document summarizes five different reptiles: snakes, lizards, turtles, frogs, and alligators. It provides details about their physical characteristics, habitats, diets, behaviors, and populations. Snakes are limbless and found in many colors, while lizards have dry scaly skin and tails that break off easily. Turtles have a hard shell and can retract into it, and frogs live both on land and in water. Alligators have armored bodies and muscular tails and live in freshwater areas like swamps.
The document provides information about snakes commonly found in India presented by the Friends of Snakes Society. It discusses 12 snake species, including both venomous and non-venomous varieties. It also covers snake bite first aid, safety tips for encountering snakes, and ways to discourage snakes from human habitats. The Society works to conserve snakes through rescuing efforts and public education programs to reduce fear and increase awareness of snakes' ecological role.
This document provides information about classifying animals into vertebrates and invertebrates. It defines vertebrates as having backbones and lists the five classifications of vertebrates as fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. Invertebrates are defined as not having backbones, with the most common types being protozoa, annelids, echinoderms, mollusks, and arthropods. Examples are given for common vertebrate and invertebrate animals, with interesting facts provided. The document concludes by listing references used to research the topic.
This document provides information about different types of vertebrates including fish, birds, amphibians, reptiles, and mammals. It describes some key characteristics of each group and examples of common species. The document aims to classify different vertebrate animals according to their defining physical attributes and environmental adaptations.
This document provides information about several different animals:
- It describes lions including their physical appearance, habitat in the savannah, diet of hunting other animals, and social behavior living in prides.
- It discusses zebras' black and white stripes that are unique to each zebra, diet of mainly eating grass, and living in herds for safety.
- It outlines leopards having a tan coat covered in rosettes of black spots that are unique to each leopard and being solitary yet having strong maternal bonds.
Snakes are found on every continent except Antarctica and come in two varieties - poisonous and non-poisonous. Some of the most dangerous poisonous snakes mentioned are the Krait, Cobra, and Viper. The Krait is one of the most venomous snakes. Cobras are known for their distinctive hoods and neurotoxic venom. Vipers can be pit or pitless varieties. Non-poisonous snakes included the large python and rat snake, which is sometimes called a farmer's friend for controlling rodent populations. While some snakes are worshipped in India, they are also eaten as food in other parts of Asia.
This document provides information about various nocturnal animals found in the Southwest, including toads, skunks, scorpions, fireflies, bats, coatimundis, tarantulas, owls, coyotes, the Arizona tree frog, and the Yaqui catfish. It describes their physical characteristics, habitats, diets, behaviors, and life cycles. The document is intended to educate about these nocturnal species native to the Southwest region.
This document provides information about various nocturnal animals found in the Southwest, including skunks, toads, scorpions, fireflies, bats, coatimundis, tarantulas, owls, coyotes, the Arizona tree frog, and catfish. It describes their physical characteristics, habitats, diets, and behaviors. Many of these nocturnal animals have adapted senses like smell and hearing to survive in the dark and find food at night when they are active.
Snake, common name for an elongated, limbless reptile of the order Squamata, which also includes the x lizards . Most snakes live on the ground, but some are burrowers, arboreal, or aquatic; one group is exclusively marine. In temperate climates they hibernate. They are generally solitary in their habits, although they may congregate in places offering food or shelter, and large numbers may hibernate together. Snakes range in length from about 4 in. (10 cm) to over 30 ft (9 m).
In most snakes limbs are entirely lacking, but a few have traces of hind limbs. The skin, which is covered with horny scales, is shed, usually several times a year. The extremely long, narrow body is associated with distinctive internal features. The number of vertebrae is much larger than in most vertebrates, paired internal organs are arranged linearly rather than side by side, and only one lung is developed, except in members of the boa family, which have two lungs.
Presented By- Aseem Madhur, Juhi Ranjan, Shalini Jalan, Shreya Podder.
Dolphins and seahorses are ocean animals with distinct features and behaviors. Dolphins live in social groups, communicate using whistles, and care for their young. Seahorses are camouflaged, slow swimmers that entwine their prehensile tails and have unusual male pregnancy. Both feed on small ocean creatures and reproduce during specific seasons.
Similar to Vertabrates powerpoint example_organisms[1] (20)
Bacteria & archaea example organisms power pointer10108
The document describes several types of bacteria and archaea, including their physical characteristics, habitats, and behaviors. Rhizobium forms symbiotic relationships with legumes. Nitrosomonas derives energy from mineral sources in soil and water. Thiomargarita namibiensis is the largest known bacterium, found in ocean sediments. Bdellovibrio invades and kills other bacteria. Pyrococcus furiosus and Geogemma barossii are extreme thermophiles found near deep sea vents. Haloquadratum walsbyi and Nanoarchaeum equitans thrive in salty or hot environments respectively.
This document provides examples of various invertebrate organisms including:
1) Craspedacustasowerbyi, a freshwater jellyfish found in the phylum Cnidaria.
2) Chironexfleckeri, the sea wasp which has a potent venom.
3) Membraniporamembranacea, a colonial ectoproct encased in a hard exoskeleton.
The document describes various fungi organisms including:
- Boletus edulis, a porcino mushroom that grows in forests and can reach 14 inches.
- Cortinarius clelandii, found only in Hawaii with a rusty brown spore print.
- Clitocybula abundans, which grows on hardwoods and contains a "belly-button".
- Rickenella Fibula with whitish gills and an orange-yellow cap that may contain cross veins.
- Entomophthora muscae, a fungus that infects and kills houseflies, causing them to crawl exposed before death.
This document contains a list of 19 references cited from Wikipedia and other websites. The references provide information on various plant species, including the sycamore maple, northern tree club-moss, ginkgo, Japanese red pine, white oak, and sunflower. The references include the title, source, date accessed, and URL for each cited item.
The document describes 14 different plant species, providing details about their physical description, geographic distribution, and images. Key details are provided for each plant, including size, leaf or branch characteristics, reproductive features, and native habitat range.
This document lists the works cited for research on various animal species. It includes 22 references to Wikipedia articles on different animals accessed on dates ranging from November 20, 2011 to December 6, 2011. The animals referenced include the American black bear, bald eagle, blue poison dart frog, great horned owl, great white shark, Japanese giant salamander, koala, komodo dragon, leatherback sea turtle, Nile crocodile, platypus, ball python, red kangaroo, Siberian tiger, western gorilla, and white rhinoceros.
This document provides descriptions of several example protist organisms:
- Giardia intestinalis is a diplomonad parasite that can infect humans and cause diarrhea when water contaminated with its cysts is consumed. Boiling water kills the parasite.
- Trypanosoma brucei causes sleeping sickness in humans via transmission through the bite of an infected tsetse fly.
- Trichomonas vaginalis is a sexually transmitted parasite that infects the human reproductive tract.
This document contains a list of 15 works cited from various online sources on topics relating to biology such as vertebrates, invertebrates, fungi, protists, molluscs, plants, and bacteria. The sources include websites from educational institutions and museums. Most of the sources are from 2011 and were accessed between November and December 2011. The works cited are listed with the author(s) if given, title of page or article, website name, date published or last updated, and URL for each source.
Programming Foundation Models with DSPy - Meetup SlidesZilliz
Prompting language models is hard, while programming language models is easy. In this talk, I will discuss the state-of-the-art framework DSPy for programming foundation models with its powerful optimizers and runtime constraint system.
Removing Uninteresting Bytes in Software FuzzingAftab Hussain
Imagine a world where software fuzzing, the process of mutating bytes in test seeds to uncover hidden and erroneous program behaviors, becomes faster and more effective. A lot depends on the initial seeds, which can significantly dictate the trajectory of a fuzzing campaign, particularly in terms of how long it takes to uncover interesting behaviour in your code. We introduce DIAR, a technique designed to speedup fuzzing campaigns by pinpointing and eliminating those uninteresting bytes in the seeds. Picture this: instead of wasting valuable resources on meaningless mutations in large, bloated seeds, DIAR removes the unnecessary bytes, streamlining the entire process.
In this work, we equipped AFL, a popular fuzzer, with DIAR and examined two critical Linux libraries -- Libxml's xmllint, a tool for parsing xml documents, and Binutil's readelf, an essential debugging and security analysis command-line tool used to display detailed information about ELF (Executable and Linkable Format). Our preliminary results show that AFL+DIAR does not only discover new paths more quickly but also achieves higher coverage overall. This work thus showcases how starting with lean and optimized seeds can lead to faster, more comprehensive fuzzing campaigns -- and DIAR helps you find such seeds.
- These are slides of the talk given at IEEE International Conference on Software Testing Verification and Validation Workshop, ICSTW 2022.
Unlock the Future of Search with MongoDB Atlas_ Vector Search Unleashed.pdfMalak Abu Hammad
Discover how MongoDB Atlas and vector search technology can revolutionize your application's search capabilities. This comprehensive presentation covers:
* What is Vector Search?
* Importance and benefits of vector search
* Practical use cases across various industries
* Step-by-step implementation guide
* Live demos with code snippets
* Enhancing LLM capabilities with vector search
* Best practices and optimization strategies
Perfect for developers, AI enthusiasts, and tech leaders. Learn how to leverage MongoDB Atlas to deliver highly relevant, context-aware search results, transforming your data retrieval process. Stay ahead in tech innovation and maximize the potential of your applications.
#MongoDB #VectorSearch #AI #SemanticSearch #TechInnovation #DataScience #LLM #MachineLearning #SearchTechnology
Full-RAG: A modern architecture for hyper-personalizationZilliz
Mike Del Balso, CEO & Co-Founder at Tecton, presents "Full RAG," a novel approach to AI recommendation systems, aiming to push beyond the limitations of traditional models through a deep integration of contextual insights and real-time data, leveraging the Retrieval-Augmented Generation architecture. This talk will outline Full RAG's potential to significantly enhance personalization, address engineering challenges such as data management and model training, and introduce data enrichment with reranking as a key solution. Attendees will gain crucial insights into the importance of hyperpersonalization in AI, the capabilities of Full RAG for advanced personalization, and strategies for managing complex data integrations for deploying cutting-edge AI solutions.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 5DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 5. In this session, we will cover CI/CD with devops.
Topics covered:
CI/CD with in UiPath
End-to-end overview of CI/CD pipeline with Azure devops
Speaker:
Lyndsey Byblow, Test Suite Sales Engineer @ UiPath, Inc.
Let's Integrate MuleSoft RPA, COMPOSER, APM with AWS IDP along with Slackshyamraj55
Discover the seamless integration of RPA (Robotic Process Automation), COMPOSER, and APM with AWS IDP enhanced with Slack notifications. Explore how these technologies converge to streamline workflows, optimize performance, and ensure secure access, all while leveraging the power of AWS IDP and real-time communication via Slack notifications.
Sudheer Mechineni, Head of Application Frameworks, Standard Chartered Bank
Discover how Standard Chartered Bank harnessed the power of Neo4j to transform complex data access challenges into a dynamic, scalable graph database solution. This keynote will cover their journey from initial adoption to deploying a fully automated, enterprise-grade causal cluster, highlighting key strategies for modelling organisational changes and ensuring robust disaster recovery. Learn how these innovations have not only enhanced Standard Chartered Bank’s data infrastructure but also positioned them as pioneers in the banking sector’s adoption of graph technology.
Essentials of Automations: The Art of Triggers and Actions in FMESafe Software
In this second installment of our Essentials of Automations webinar series, we’ll explore the landscape of triggers and actions, guiding you through the nuances of authoring and adapting workspaces for seamless automations. Gain an understanding of the full spectrum of triggers and actions available in FME, empowering you to enhance your workspaces for efficient automation.
We’ll kick things off by showcasing the most commonly used event-based triggers, introducing you to various automation workflows like manual triggers, schedules, directory watchers, and more. Plus, see how these elements play out in real scenarios.
Whether you’re tweaking your current setup or building from the ground up, this session will arm you with the tools and insights needed to transform your FME usage into a powerhouse of productivity. Join us to discover effective strategies that simplify complex processes, enhancing your productivity and transforming your data management practices with FME. Let’s turn complexity into clarity and make your workspaces work wonders!
Unlocking Productivity: Leveraging the Potential of Copilot in Microsoft 365, a presentation by Christoforos Vlachos, Senior Solutions Manager – Modern Workplace, Uni Systems
Maruthi Prithivirajan, Head of ASEAN & IN Solution Architecture, Neo4j
Get an inside look at the latest Neo4j innovations that enable relationship-driven intelligence at scale. Learn more about the newest cloud integrations and product enhancements that make Neo4j an essential choice for developers building apps with interconnected data and generative AI.
Threats to mobile devices are more prevalent and increasing in scope and complexity. Users of mobile devices desire to take full advantage of the features
available on those devices, but many of the features provide convenience and capability but sacrifice security. This best practices guide outlines steps the users can take to better protect personal devices and information.
Goodbye Windows 11: Make Way for Nitrux Linux 3.5.0!SOFTTECHHUB
As the digital landscape continually evolves, operating systems play a critical role in shaping user experiences and productivity. The launch of Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 marks a significant milestone, offering a robust alternative to traditional systems such as Windows 11. This article delves into the essence of Nitrux Linux 3.5.0, exploring its unique features, advantages, and how it stands as a compelling choice for both casual users and tech enthusiasts.
TrustArc Webinar - 2024 Global Privacy SurveyTrustArc
How does your privacy program stack up against your peers? What challenges are privacy teams tackling and prioritizing in 2024?
In the fifth annual Global Privacy Benchmarks Survey, we asked over 1,800 global privacy professionals and business executives to share their perspectives on the current state of privacy inside and outside of their organizations. This year’s report focused on emerging areas of importance for privacy and compliance professionals, including considerations and implications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies, building brand trust, and different approaches for achieving higher privacy competence scores.
See how organizational priorities and strategic approaches to data security and privacy are evolving around the globe.
This webinar will review:
- The top 10 privacy insights from the fifth annual Global Privacy Benchmarks Survey
- The top challenges for privacy leaders, practitioners, and organizations in 2024
- Key themes to consider in developing and maintaining your privacy program
GraphRAG for Life Science to increase LLM accuracyTomaz Bratanic
GraphRAG for life science domain, where you retriever information from biomedical knowledge graphs using LLMs to increase the accuracy and performance of generated answers
Dr. Sean Tan, Head of Data Science, Changi Airport Group
Discover how Changi Airport Group (CAG) leverages graph technologies and generative AI to revolutionize their search capabilities. This session delves into the unique search needs of CAG’s diverse passengers and customers, showcasing how graph data structures enhance the accuracy and relevance of AI-generated search results, mitigating the risk of “hallucinations” and improving the overall customer journey.
1. Vertebrates
Eric Rhonehouse, Whitney
Stevenson, and Stephen Carse
2. Great Horned Owl Bubo Virginianus
• Description: Native to the Americas
the Great Horned Owl has a
wingspan reaching anywhere from
40-60 inches with a body length from
18-27 inches. The females are larger
than the males. The adult owls have
big ear tufts and a reddish brown and
gray face. It also has a noticeable
white patch in the center of it throat.
Unlike humans they cannot move
their eyes about in their sockets.
Instead they are able to turn their
necks 270 degrees without having to
move their bodies. They have
excellent vision and are able to see
ineptly in low light. Their hearing is
also spectacular being able to
pinpoint sources of sound both
vertically, depth wise, and
horizontally very well.
3. Black Bear Ursus Americanus
• Description: Americas most
common and smallest bear
species. Adult males usually
weight between 130-550 lbs and
females usually weight between
90-240 lbs. They are between 47-
70 inches in length and stand
between 28-41 inches high at the
shoulder. They have broad skulls
with slender muzzles with big jaw
hinges. Females tend to have
narrower faces. Black bears are
known for the good eyesight and
dexterous movements. They have
been known to unlatch doors.
4. Siberian Tiger Panthera Tigris Altaica
• Description: They are rusty yellow
to bright orange in color with
slender transverse black stripes.
They are the largest of the big
cats and the largest species of
tiger. Males have longer
bodies, broader skulls, longer
tails, and are heavier than
females. They have been known
to prey on local black and brown
bears, but this is uncommon. The
tigers prey mainly on deer.
Wolves are kept out of the area
do to competition of the same
food. They have been recorded at
weights as high as 850 lbs.
5. White Rhinoceros Ceratotherium
Simum
• Description: The second largest land
mammal after all three species of
elephants. Their body is between 11-
14 feet long. At the shoulders these
animals can be anywhere from 4ft
10in to 6ft 7in. Average males weigh
about 5,100 lbs while average
females weigh 3,700 lbs. They have
two horn growths on their
snouts, and their horns are made of
pure keratin. They have three toes on
each foot and the only hairs on their
bodies are located on its ear fringes
and on its tail as bristles. They are
grazing herbivores that are found in
the savannah grassland habitat. They
play in mud holes to stay cool during
the hot African day.
6. Nile Crocodile Crocodylus Niloticus
• Description: Nile Crocodiles have a dark
brownish bronze coloration on top with black
spots on their back. Their belly is dirt purple
and their flanks are yellowish green. They
have scaly hides and a long and powerful tail
that they use to propel themselves through
the water. They have four short legs that they
can use for digging and if necessary, running.
They can run about 8 mph at top speed but
swim at about 22 mph top speeds. They have
powerful jaws that exert 5,000 lbs of
pressure per foot. However, the muscles
responsible for reopening the jaws are very
weak and are easily kept shut when closed
by a human. Nile Crocodiles are the most
aggressive of the crocodilians and are the
second largest crocodilians in the world only
behind Saltwater Crocodiles.
7. Blue Poison Dart Frog Dendrobates
Azureus
• Description: The Blue
Poison Dart Frog weighs
about 8 grams and is found
to be 3-4.5 centimeters
long. They usually have a
lifespan of 4-6 years in the
wild. Its skin is bright blue
and gets darker around the
limbs. These frogs have
poisonous alkaloid
chemicals embedded in the
skin. This poison can
paralyze and even kill
potential predators of the
frog.
8. Leatherback Sea Turtle Dermochelys
Coriacea
• Description: The Leatherback Sea Turtle is
the largest sea turtle alive today and the
fourth largest reptile in the world behind
three other crocodilian species. They have a
rather large tear shaped hydrodynamic body
along with two flat large front flippers that
provide the turtle with its main source of
mobility. These front flippers can grow up to
a little less than 9 feet long (8.9ft). These sea
turtles, unlike any other sea turtle, lack a
boney carapace, which is the shell. Their
shell is made up of thick and oily flesh. The
rest of their body is made up of leathery skin
implanted with osteoderms, which are bony
deposits. The average shell length is 3.3-5.47
feet with a total body length of 6-7.2 feet.
Their average weight 550-1,500 lbs. The
largest one ever caught had a total length of
9.8 feet, weighed 2,020 lbs, and had a shell
length of 7.2 feet.
9. Platypus Ornithorhynchus Anatinus
• Description: Platypuses are covered in dark brown
hair. This hair is so dense that it actually traps air
which helps keep the animal warm. Its broad flat tail
is a storage reserve of fat. It also has webbed feet
like that of a duck on its legs which are set beside
the body rather than underneath it. While on land
these animals walk on their knuckles to protect their
webbed feet. The snout of the platypus is a sensory
organ that can detect electrical pulses while the
mouth is located under it. The platypus uses this
sensory organ to shuffle around in the muck at the
bottom of a lake or a river to find its prey lurking in
the sand. These creatures vary in weight from 1.5-
5.3 lbs with the males the larger of the genders. The
average length of a male platypus is about 20 inches
while the average female length is about 17 inches.
Both males and females have spurs on the back legs
but only the male contains venom. This venom is not
deadly to humans but will put a person in an
excruciating amount of pain and will cause them to
be in a state of dysfunction for a couple of days to
month. Females lay their eggs.
10. Red Kangaroo Macropus Rufus
• Description: The Red Kangaroo is the
largest of all the kangaroos and is the
largest mammal native to Australia.
They have pointed ears and a
squared off muzzle. Males have a
more red brown coloration in their
fur while females are blue gray.
Males are also larger than females.
Its muscular hind limbs function like
rubber bands and enable this
creature to leap 30ft horizontally.
Males can weigh up to 300 lbs and
are about 9.8 feet long from head to
tail. Females only weigh about 77 lbs
and are about d3.6 feet from head to
tail. These kangaroos have a field
range vision of 300ͦ due to the
position of their eyes.
11. Ball Python Python Regius
• Description: The Ball Python gets its
name from its tendency to curl up
into a ball when it is stressed or
frightened. They are the smallest
species of python native to Africa and
therefore are very sought after in the
pet trade. They generally do not grow
beyond3.9 feet in length but it is very
rare that they do reach 5-6 feet.
Females are slightly larger than males
averaging 4-4.5 feet in length and
males 3-3.9 feet in length. Their color
normally consists of black or dark
brown with light brown sides and a
creamy white underbelly. In the wild
their diet mainly consists of small
mammals such as field mice and rats.
12. Komodo Dragon Varanus
Komodoensis
• Description: The Komodo Dragon is the
largest species of lizard alive today that
can grow 9.8 feet in length and can weigh
up to 150 lbs. Their unusual size is
credited to island gigantism, which is the
biological phenomenon in which the sizes
of animals isolated on an island grow
exponentially in comparison to their
mainland relatives. This makes sense
because they only inhabit small islands in
Indonesia like Komodo, Rinca, Flores, Gili
Motang, and Gili Dasami. The main part of
their diet consists of deer, but they eat a
broad spectrum or things from birds to
invertebrates. A recent discovery in 2009
found in an MRI scan of the skull the
Komodo Dragon has two venom glands in
its lower jaw. These glands contain many
different toxic proteins and disprove the
previous notion that the bacteria in the
saliva of the Komodo cause the death its
victims.
13. Bald Eagle Haliaeetus Leucocephalus
(America!!!!!)
• Description: The Bald Eagle is the national
bird of the United States of America. These
majestic birds of prey rule the North
American sky stretching from Northern
Mexico all the way to Northern Canada. They
have an even plumage color of brown on
their body and have a white plumage head.
Its body length can reach anywhere from 28-
40 inches and its wingspan is generally from
5.9-7.5 feet long. Females are about 1/4th
larger than males weighing on average 13 lbs
and males weighing on average 9lbs. They
live about 20 year in the wild and in captivity
they live longer. One Bald Eagle in captivity in
New York lived to be 50 years old. They
prefer habitats near bodies of water such as
coastal regions of large lakes, oceans, and
large rivers where fish is abundant. They
roast, nest, and perch in mature standing
coniferous or hardwood tree. They can reach
speeds up to 45 mph and 30 mph when
carrying a fish. When they dive in the sky
they can reach 99 mph top speed. Trout and
Salmon comprise most of the bird diet.
14. Western Gorilla Gorilla Gorilla
• Description: The Western Gorilla can
be brown or gray with a yellowish
forehead. Male silverbacks can reach
6 feet tall and weigh 310-440 lbs.
While females average about 4 ft 7in
tall and 220 lbs. They live in group
sizes between 2-20 with at least one
male and a bunch of females and
their offspring. The silverback leads
the group and maturing males
eventually end up leaving the group
when they finally reach maturity.
Before the maturing females start to
breed they move to a different group.
These creatures live a surprisingly
long life of 40 years and their diet
consists of mainly fruit. Some wild
Western Gorillas are known to use
tools like straws.
15. Koala Phascolarctos Cinereus
• Description: Koalas are range in
color from soft gray to dark gray
to sort of brownish. Males can
weigh up to 26 lbs and females
up to 19lbs. They are
marsupials, which means they
put their offspring in a pouch to
mature. The females have a
gestation period of 35 days
before the embryo is transferred
to the pouch. These creatures
generally live about 12 years and
survive completely off
eucalypts, which are woody
plants. They are one of the few
mammals besides primates that
have a finger print.
16. Japanese Giant Salamander
Andrias Japonicus
• Description: The Japanese Giant
Salamander is the second largest
salamander in the world only second to
the Chinese Giant Salamander. They can
reach up to about 5 feet in length. These
creatures are completely aquatic but do
not keep their gills when they become
adults. They travel upstream into the
mountains to lay their eggs. The males
seek out the eggs sacs laid by the
females, which can contain up to seventy
eggs, and fertilize them. They are confined
to flowing water where oxygen is more
prevalent because they lack gills. Unlike
most salamanders, they need not to
venture out of water to breath. They only
need to stick their head out of the water
for a couple of minutes. In the wild they
can live up to 80 years, but in captivity
they only live about 50 years.
17. Great White Shark Carcharodon
Carcharias
• Description: The Great White
Shark is known for its massive
size and can sometimes reach
over 20 feet in length and
weigh over 5,000 lbs. They
feed mainly on fish, web
footed animals like seals, and
seabirds. Females are
generally larger than males.
They are able to detect
electromagnetic fields
generated by living organisms.
These sharks are so sensitive
to that they can detect one-
billionth of a volt.