This presentation provides an overview of industrial training for maintenance of buses operated by Uttarakhand Transport Corporation. It describes the various work sections and processes involved in maintenance, including parts of the engine, gearbox, axles, brakes, and other systems. Diagrams are included to illustrate key components like the layout of the bus, parts of the front and rear axles, fuel transmission, and the engine. Specifications of the engines used in Tata and Ashok Leyland buses are also listed.

1. PRESENTATION ON
INDUSTRIAL TRAINING

2. ABOUT
UTTRAKHAND TRANSPORT CORPORATION

3. WORKS-MAINTENANCE OF
BUSES
• Buses made by TATA
• Buses made by Ashok Leyland

4. WORK STATIONS(SECTIONS)
• Front Axel Section
• Rear Axel Section
• Brake Drum Section
• Leaf Spring(Kamani) Section
• Alternator & Self Starter,Electric Section
• Gear Box Section
• Tires Section
• F.I.P. Section
• Engine Section
• Field Workshop & Welding Section

5. LAYOUT OF BUS

6. • Radiator.
• Fan.
• Cylinders.
• Oil Sump.
• Flywheel Hub.
• Fly wheel.
• Pressure Plate.
• Main Shaft.
• Gear Box.
• Differential.

7. EGR((EXHAUST GAS RECIRCULATION))
• It’s function is to reduce the amount of NOX formation by
controlling combustion chamber temperature.in this system the
fresh air in the intake manifold which reduces the max.
combustion chamber temp. & thereby reducing NOX content.
• Air filter MAF sensor turbo charger intercooler engine

8. FRONT AXLE

9. • PARTS OF FRONT AXLE
1. Front I-Beam.
2. struct axle.
1.king pin (L&R)
2.king pin bush(2L&2R)
3.washer
3. Right side-Roller Bearing.
4. Left side-Brash & steel bearing.
5. Break cam shaft(L&R)
Diaphram bracket.
6. Tie rod.
Tie rod ends contains bearings used & work for
taking turns(L&R).

10. REAR AXLE

11. • Part of Rear Axle
1.Differential unit
1. Pair of sun gears.
2. Pair of planet gears.
2. Diaphram

12. AIR-BRAKE TRANSMISSION
SYSTEM

13. SELF STARTER
Self starter work is
to start a vehicle . It
contains a solenoid
inside it.

14. ALTERNATOR
It is used to charge the battery it generates 3-phase AC current
• voltage generation=14.2—14.8v
• (ideal)o/p during slow running—14.2v
• at 2000rpm –14.8v
• It’s parts
• Rotor-it is a magnet
• Stator-it generates AC
• Rectifier plate-it converts ac—dc
• REGULATOR-it controls the o/p voltage.

15. FUEL INJECTION PUMP(F.I.PUMP):-
In Diesel Engine F.I. Pump is used for delievering the
FUEL in correct amount , time, to the fuel inejctor.
WORKING PRINCIPLE
The Fuel suck by Fuel Pump from the tank at a low
pressure with the help of a filter and than after reaching
a certain pressure it is delivered to fuel injector with the
help of it’s rail and the rest fuel is returned through the
Relief valve
 Injection Pressure- different an per engine.
 CAM Sequence- 1-5-3-6-2-4.
 Direction of Rotation- Clock Wise.

17. ((1)) ((2))
((3))
1-Flywheel
2-Cylinder Head
3-Turbo Charger

19. FUEL TRANSMISSION:-
1-Fuel Tank
2-Feed Pump
3-Paper Filter
4-cloth Filter
5-F.I.Pump
6,7-Automizers
8,9-Nozzles
10.11-Cylinders

20. GEAR BOX :-
Gear box is fixed with Clutch Plate Housing behind Clutch. Gear box is used to
drive vehicles in different loads & in different types of roads. With the help of
gears the speed of vehicles is used as required.
TYPES OF GEAR BOX:-
 Sliding mesh gear box.
 Constant mesh gear box.
 Synchromesh gear box.
 Planetarty gear box.( Epicyclic gear box).

21. PARTS OF GEAR BOX
1-Main Shaft. 10-Spring Washer
2-Counter Shaft. 11-Oil Seal.
3-Shifting Rod. 12-Front Cover.
4-Gear Box Housing.
5-Cover Plate. 13-Hub and Bush.
6-Bearing and Sleeve. 14-Synchronizing.
7-Fork.
8-Cylindrical pin. 15-Drive Shaft.
9-Gear Box Cover Rear.

22. 1)—Piston
2)—Compression Ring
3)-Oil Ring
((1)) ((2)) ((3))

23. LUBRICATION OF THE GEAR BOX
80 W 90 Lubricating oil is used for the Lubrication of Gear Box. Splash lubrication
method is used for the Lubrication.
QUANTITY:-3.5 to 4 ltr.
Precaution and Safety features-:
 Lubrication of all Gear box is necessary.
 Gear selection should happen according to the nature of Load and Road.
 Gear shifting should happen according to the speed of vehicle and engine.
 Gear shifting should happen softly.

24. LEAF SPRING :-
Because of the up’s and down’s the vehicle get’s so
many shock’s, to prevent these shock the LEAF
SPRING’S are used. They are Semi-Elliptical in
shape.
 The total number of the leaf Spring in a vehicle is 4,.
 One spring contains 15 leafs
 In Front axle the length of Spring is 74 Inch and decreases 4
inch to downwards,
 In Rear Axle the length of Spring is 78 Inch and simultaneously
decreases as front axle.

25. ENGINE:-
125HP(TATA)
135HP(ASHOK LEYLAND)

26. PARTS OF ENGINE:-
1-Cylindrical Head. 2-Oil Pump.
3-Cylinder Block. 4-Piston.
5-Crank Shaft. 6-Cam Shaft.
7-Cooling Fan. 8-Radiator.
9-Valve Mechanism. 10-Self Starter.
11-Fly Wheel. 12- Cooling Plate.
13-Damper Pulley. 14-Vibration Damper Pulley.
15-Water Pump. 16-Timing Plate Housing.
17-Push Rod. 18-Diesel Filter.
19-Tappet. 20-Gudgeon Pin.
21-Alternator. 22-Turbo Charger.

27. 1-CYLINDER BLOCK
2-CYLINDER GASKET
((1))
((2))

28. CRANKSHAFT
CYLINDER HEAD

29. FUEL FILTER OIL FILTER

30. GEAR BOX

31. DIFFERENTIAL

32. WATER PUMP

33. CLUTCH

35. COOLANT
RADIATOR FAN
&
DIFFUSER FAN

38. SPECIFICATIONS OF ENGINE:-
 MODEL – T.C. 1512 (TATA).
 NUMBER OF CYLINDER – 6.
 BORE SIZE – 102 mm.
 FUEL USED- DIESEL.
 FIRING ORDER- 1, 5, 3, 6, 2, 4
 INJECTION PRESSURE- 175-180.
 AVERAGE – 5-6 km/litre.

39. PRECAUTION & SAFETY FEATURES:-
Tappet clearance should be clean.
a) When inlet is hot >> 0.10 inch
b) When outlet is hot >> 0.20 inch
Rocker Arm & Lubrication of Rocker Arm
should be checked.
Tappet cover should always fix.
Lubrication oil should be replaced in
regular intervals.