DD
Uploaded byDITF Denkendorf
581 views

SESEC Training Module 2: Utilization and Production machines

The document discusses energy efficiency challenges in the textile industry, highlighting the importance of addressing technical and organizational issues to reduce excess energy consumption. It emphasizes the need for improvements in machine maintenance, operation practices, and employee training while aligning with EU energy policies. Practical strategies and examples demonstrate how better energy management can enhance competitiveness and reduce costs.

Embed presentation

Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 1Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 2 Overview  Introduction  Theory  Excercises  Business Case  Summary Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 3Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 4Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 5 The Situation • Rising energy prices make it necessary to look for alternatives like flexible energy prices • Textile machines offer potential for energy savings • “A classification of textile machines into energy efficiency[…] is not readily feasible“ [1, p.7] • Sustainably produced products become increasingly important • Plant operators have to follow the EU guide lines(2010/75/EU) Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 6Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary “The textile manufacturer, the demands on the textile product, the material, the fibre supplier and the manufacturer of the machines all have an influence on energy efficiency.” [1, p.7] It is a problem which affects the entire value added chain
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 7 Reasons for excess consumption I. Excess consumption caused by technical issues II. Excess consumption caused by behavioral/organizational issues Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 8 Reasons for excess consumption I. Excess consumption caused by technical issues: – Several times a day machines are turned on/off – Degree of efficiency is used suboptimal – Frequent machine downtimes – Improper maintenance of machines – Non optimal machine settings – “The use of inferior wearing parts reduce the efficiency of machinery and increase energy consumption.” [1, p.9] Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 9 Reasons for excess consumption I. Excess consumption caused by technical issues (continued): – Using motors in fixed speed – Use of low efficiency motors – Use of rewinded motors – Use of direct start in motors – Use star/triangle starter in larger engines Uncompensated reactive energy – Phase imbalance due to poor distribution of single-phase equipment Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 10 Reasons for excess consumption II. Excess consumption caused by behavioral/organizational issues: – Bad order planning – Orders are often processed individually – Production takes place at the time of the day when energy costs reach the peak – Machines running without being necessary – Low load regimen – Long downtimes between orders Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 11Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 12Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 13 Political aspects • “The climate and energy policy objectives of the European Union faces new challenges […] By 2020, the energy efficiency is to be improved by 20 percent” [17] • The policy encourages the industry to devote themselves strategically to the energy consumption • Politics and business are also committed, amongst other things, to the marking of the energy efficiency of products • In the European Union, the production permit is based on Best Available Techniques (BAT) Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 14 What needs to be done? Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 15 Approach I. Technical issues II. Behavioral/organizational issues Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 16 Approach I. Technical issues: 1. Avoid on/off running of machines 2. Correct use of the machine 3. Avoid waste and reduce scrap rate 4. Avoid peak load 5. Use machines at optimal load 6. Upgrade existing systems Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 17 Approach II. Behavioral/organizational issues: 1. Use of work shifts 2. Train employees 3. Define indicators 4. Manage orders Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 18 I. Technical issues Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 19 1. Avoid on/off running of machines • “Correct running coordination of on and off times can cause: – payback periods of less than one year – profitability is accessible from more than 20%” [13, p.1] • Cost reduction and emission reduction because of thermal consumption reduction Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 20 2. Correct use of the machine a) Accurate production parameters b) Proper, seasonable machine care c) Suitable spare parts Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 21 2a. Production parameters • Variable speed drives (VSDs) can lead to significant energy savings • An adaptation of the processing speed to the current requirement is most efficiently over variable-speed motors • Associated to better process control, less wear in the mechanical equipment and less acoustical noise • Lower temperature settings during non production periods (programmable regulation) Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 22 2b. Machine care • Regular and preventive maintenance is important • Laboratory testing studies confirm that poor motor repair practices reduce motor efficiency: – of typically between 0.5 and 1 %, – sometimes up to 4 % or even more for old motors • Rewinding a motor can permanently reduce its efficiency by more than 1 % • Proper attention must be given to the repair process and to the repair company Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 23 2c. Spare parts • Ensure that replacement parts fit perfectly • Sometimes, replacement is better than repair Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 24 3. Avoid waste and reduce scrap rate • Material efficiency also means energy efficiency • Design processes to avoid waste or at least to reduce it • “Any error that must be corrected immediately after it occurs or in a subsequent process step costs additional energy“ [1, p.25] Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 25 4. Avoid peak loads • Load peaks are caused by uncontrolled lead and elapse cycle • Reduced electricity costs through appropriate coordination of the lead and elapse time • ”Avoiding load peaks can redeem in less than a year” [6, p.2] Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 26 5. Use machines at optimal load • Eliminate uneconomic “hot standby” periods • Maintain heat supply only if absolutely necessary • Avoid long downtimes between loads • Circumvent low load regimen • Although at optimal capacity more power is required as in the partial load operation, the energy consumption per unit of production is low • Cost reduction and emission reduction because of thermal consumption reduction Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 27 6. Upgrade existing systems • Efficient powertrains • Use modern equipment • Use of sensors and measuring systems “New investments or retrofits of existing facilities can be amortized in 2-3 years“ [13, p.1] Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 28 II. Behavioral/organizational issues. Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 29 1. Use of work shifts • Shifting of energivorous processes towards lower price time slots • Work shifts on the weekend • Working at that time of the day when energy costs are low Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 30 2. Train employees • Make sure everyone knows not to turn on machines without being necessary • Ensure optimum usage of machines • Assign a person responsible to initiate actions in the field of energy efficiency • Train all staff to do manual checks and to watch for energy saving opportunities • Motivate employees to act energy- efficient Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 31 3. Define indicators • Collect data about : – type of motor – power installed – energy efficiency class (compilation per machine type and quantity of machines per type installed) – average running time per machine • This procedure is necessary to identify potential for energy savings or consumption optimizations Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 32 4. Manage orders • Combine orders if possible • Optimize process sequence • “While planning the production processes consider the attendant energy supply“ [11,p.10] Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 33Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary Excercises.
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 34 Excercise 1: Excess consumption Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary Which answer is an issue for excess technical consumption? a) Orders are often processed individually b) Frequent machine downtimes c) Bad order planning
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 35 Excercise-1: Excess consumption Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary Which answer is an issue for excess technical consumption? a) Orders are often processed individually b) Frequent machine downtimes c) Bad order planning
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 36 Excercise-2: Machine running Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary Is it efficient to turn machines off during a short coffee break ? a) Yes b) No
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 37 Excercise-2: Machine running Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary Is it efficient to turn machines off during a short coffee break ? a) Yes b) No
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 38 Excercise-3: Machine care Rewinding a motor can permanently?: a) Reduce its efficiency by more than 1 % b) Reduce its efficiency by more than 10 % c) Improve its efficiency by more than 0,4 % Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 39 Excercise-3: Machine care Rewinding a motor can permanently?: a) Reduce its efficiency by more than 1 % b) Reduce its efficiency by more than 10 % c) Improve its efficiency by more than 0,4 % Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 40 Gap text Enter the correct, missing words. Energy efficiency is a problem which affects . only companies only the government just the engine builder the entire value added chain singly the industry only the suppliers singly the consumer Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 41 Gap text Enter the correct, missing words. Energy efficiency is a problem which affects the entire value added chain . only companies only the government just the engine builder the entire value added chain singly the industry only the suppliers singly the consumer Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 42Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 43 Practical example-1: full load Energy efficiency through full load  Not only less energy, but also less labor per unit of production Source: http://www.swisstextiles.ch/cms/upload/dokumente/umwelt/energie_textil.pdf Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary full load [kW] 50 or half load [kW] 35 working hours [h] 4000 working hours [h] 8000 [kWh/a] 200000 [kWh/a] 280000
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 44 Practical example-1: full load Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary full load: 50 kW 200000 kWh/a  working hours: 4000 h  working hours: 8000 h half load: 35 kW 280000 kWh/a
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 45 Practical example-2: load peaks Daily electrical power consumption profiles of a textile company [one month] [6, p.4] • The analysis of the electricity demand profile provides information on peak load times and provides the opportunity to reduce costs through load management • The largest peak of demands consistently appear between 10 am to noon • If possible, these processes should be shifted in the late afternoon Source: Land und Wirtschaft NRW: Rationelle Energienutzung in der Textilindustrie Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 46Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 47 Review • Energy efficiency has long become a political guideline • Excess energy consumption through utilization and production machines is caused by technical as well as behavioral/organizational issues • “The efficient use of energy can boost competitiveness and thus secure the future of companies” [7,p.2] • Small, effective saving measures can be achieved in many places already by small behavioral changes like reorganization with low investment Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 48 Readings-1 [1] VDMA Textile Machinery: Conserving resources – securing savings-potential. The comparison, measuring and labellingof energy-efficient textile machinery. [2] CITEVE (2013): Critical Energy Saving Points for the Clothing Manufacturing Process/Factory Enviroment, Deliverable D3.1 [3] SESEC (2013): Savings potential, Deliverable D2.3 [4] SESEC (2013): Energy data, Deliverable D2.2 v0.2 [5] SESEC (2012): Energy Saving Methodology, Deliverable D2.1 [6] Land und Wirtschaft NRW: Rationelle Energienutzung in der Textilindustrie [7] EnergieAgentur. NRW (2012): Leitfaden. Effiziente Energienutzung in der Textilveredlung [8] SwissTextiles: Energie & Textil URI: http://www.swisstextiles.ch/cms/upload/dokumente/umwelt/energie_textil.pdf [9] Hasanbeigi, A.; Hasanabadi, A.; Abdorrazaghi, M.: Energy Efficiency Technologies and Comparing the Energy Intensity in the Textile Industry URI: http://www.aceee.org/files/proceedings/2011/data/papers/0085-000041.pdf [10] Hasanbeigi, Ali (2010): Energy-Efficiency Improvement Opportunities for the Textile Industry URI: http://escholarship.org/uc/item/6jw8s2gz#page-5 [11] Bayerisches Landesamt für Umwelt (LfU) (2009): Leitfaden für effiziente Energienutzung in Industrie und Gewerbe URI: http://www.muenchen.ihk.de/de/innovation/Anhaenge/Leitfaden-Energieeffizienz-in- Industrie-und-Gewerbe.pdf Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 49 Readings-2 [12] SUBRAMANIAM, S. K. ; HUSIN, S. H.; YUSOP, Y.; HAMIDON, A. H. : Machine efficiency and man power utilization on production lines URI: http://www.wseas.us/e-library/conferences/2008/tenerife/CD-CSECS/papers/CSECS05.pdf [13] Rouette, H.K.; Tönsing, E. (1999): Rationelle Anwendung von Strom in der Textilindustrie URI: mobile.energieverbraucher.de/files/download/file/0/1/0/230.pdf [14] Amtsblattder EuropäischenUnion (2010): RICHTLINIE 2010/75/EU DES EUROPÄISCHEN PARLAMENTS UND DES RATES URI: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2010:334:0017:0119:de:PDF [15] Umweltbundesamt (2011): UMWELTSTANDARDS IN DERTEXTIL- UND SCHUHBRANCHEEIN LEITFADEN AUF BASIS DER BVT-MERKBLÄTTER DER EU URI: http://www.umweltbundesamt.de/en/publikationen/umweltstandards-in-textil- schuhbranche [16] Europäische Kommission Generaldirektion Energie und Verkehr (2007): Vision 2020: Energiesparen! URI: http://ec.europa.eu/energy/action_plan_energy_efficiency/doc/2007_eeap_de.pdf [17] Enterprise Europe Network: URI: http://www.steinbeis-europa.de/optimes.html Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 50 Pictures-1 • Slide 1 Thomas Totz: Vor dem Abriss - old factory URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/def110/2750709197/sizes/l/in/photostream/ License: CC BY-SA 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/) • Slide 2 Calsidyrose: Vintage compass on a vintage map URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/calsidyrose/4925267732/sizes/l/in/photostream/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) • Slide 3 Tony Hisgett: Old Engineering works bw URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/hisgett/3617901120/sizes/l/in/photostream/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/deed.de) • Slide 4 Children's Bureau Centennial: LC-DIG-nclc-01581 URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/67331818@N03/8549485412/sizes/l/in/photostream/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) • Slide 5 Flattop341: Guatemala tip #378 When there is a local demonstration blocking the highway follow the Chicken Buses. URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/flattop341/12392909994/sizes/o/in/photostream/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 51 Pictures-2 • Slide 6 Children's Bureau Centennial: LC-DIG-nclc-02304 Boy Mill Doffer URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/67331818@N03/8548362217/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) • Slide 7-10, 18+28 Ralphbijker: motion gears -team force URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/17258892@N05/2588347668/sizes/o/in/photostream/ License:CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) Watchsmart: Post it Notes URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/watchsmart/3227691975/ License:CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) • Slide 11 Children's Bureau Centennial: LC-DIG-nclc-01379 Child Labor Industrial URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/67331818@N03/8548222863/sizes/l/in/photostream/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) • Slide 12 Children's Bureau Centennial: LC-DIG-nclc-02100 Girls Yarn Mill URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/67331818@N03/8548379255/sizes/l/in/photostream/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 52 Pictures-3 • Slide 13 MCAD Library: In Politics URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/69184488@N06/8091033790/sizes/l/in/photostream/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) • Slide 14 Véronique Debord-Lazaro: What? URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/debord/4932655275/sizes/o/in/photostream/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) • Slide 15-17 Boston Public Library: Tourist guide post at Sarasota, Florida URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/boston_public_library/8071411571/sizes/l/in/photostream/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) • Slide 19 Cristian Menghi: ON-OFF URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/cmenghi/5600975060/sizes/l/in/photostream/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) • Slide 20 Evan Hahn: Thumbs Up (simple) URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/evanhahn/5245014492/sizes/l/in/photostream/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 53 Pictures-4 • Slide 21 Andy Maguire: Numbers URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/andymag/9825503886/sizes/l/in/photostream/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) • Slide 22 Brewbooks: US Navy Cryptanalytic Bombe URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/brewbooks/3318600273/sizes/l/in/photostream/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) • Slide 23 Frédéric BISSON: Machine à coudre Novella URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/zigazou76/7859020502/sizes/l/in/photostream/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) • Slide 24 Oatsy40: Rubbish URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/oatsy40/7631270960/sizes/l/in/photostream/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) • Slide 25 Arthur Chapman: Buffalo road sign at Delta Junction, Alaska URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/arthur_chapman/3906188053/sizes/l/in/photostream/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 54 Pictures-5 • Slide 26 Greg Walters: Full Load URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/gregwalters/2069876851/sizes/l/in/photostream/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) • Slide 27 Alex Roberts: System Update URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/bovinity/2125620107/sizes/o/in/photostream/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) • Slide 29 Xiaojun Deng: Queue URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/hktang/4243300265/sizes/l/in/photostream/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) • Slide 30 Daniel R. Blume: Teaching URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/drb62/2474763910/sizes/o/in/photostream/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) • Slide 31 Aussiegall: Measuring time URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/aussiegall/286709039/sizes/o/in/photostream/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 55 Pictures-6 • Slide 32 Erix: A blessed appetit URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/erix/4770458552/sizes/l/in/photostream/ License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/deed.de • Slide 33 Olga Filonenko: 16/365 - Old armchairs and books URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/olfiika/7815553018/sizes/l/in/photostream/ License: CC BY-SA 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/) • Slide 42 Julian Jensen: 24. 20º URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/lnight/4028151256/in/photolist-78Xk2J-7c19tz-7gzvc6-7gCsEx-7gFKjf-7gGoSL- 7gGoVL-7gGoZQ-i6ycVY-dahSFQ-bsaUTo-bumUM1-bpuN2F-bpun5Z-bpua4n-bpuSSt-bpuFrR-bpuYcp-bpuq8r- bpv5VB-bpu4eM-bpuR3K-bpuRZD-e72r4y-bptUwi-bptWpa-bpuA2z-bpuYNZ-9RDvTj-bptTnr-bpuW44-j5MWyB- bpuCMD-kUQ7DB-bpv4qB-bFajee-9RwXmX-9RzRcw-9RzRbA-9RzRdA-9mLpgF-9mPqVh-9mLpST-9mPqqb-9mPpT9- 9mLox4-9mPtSf-9mPoXm-9mPtwA-jftdGz-8XHEA6/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) • Slide 44 Cherif, Chokri (2011): Textile Werkstoffe für den Leichtbau (p.493) • Slide 45 Land und Wirtschaft NRW: Rationelle Energienutzung in der Textilindustrie (p.4) Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 56 Pictures-7 • Slide 46 PhotoAtelier: Mission-Mill-8 URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/glenbledsoe/5028109720/sizes/l/in/photolist-8EjnQU-brtt3L-8zGrko-8LjLGt- aeq4yQ-aengrD-aengkc-8AuZ5G-aengyZ-a4NSy8-a4RKJ9-a4NSK4-a4RMky-a4RLrU-a4RKv7-dG7HK4-8Bmk9J- eT4GMH-avtKTw-eTg6UL-9cCyfX-abBKKA-8XJqJC-gofyRf-bXgFmt-8aujgA-8JRhSm-dZxhcQ-dZrz8v-gT16aP-eUFki6- eUSEuf-eUSEmE-eUSF8o-eUFken-eUFkQ6-eaLxVh-fYjb3V-aAmpVK-aAmwxe-aApdHQ-aAp6H5-aAmv7M-aAmxdc- aApv7y-aAmL7K-aAmvGi-aApaSU-aAmxWF-aAmqFt-aAmz7i/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) • Slide 47 Flattop341: Timeline URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/flattop341/352434831/sizes/o/in/photostream/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary

More Related Content

PPTX
SESEC Training Module 10: Measurement and Verification
byDITF Denkendorf
 
PPTX
SESEC - Steam
byDITF Denkendorf
 
PPTX
SESEC Training Module 1: Supply contracts and load shifting
byDITF Denkendorf
 
PDF
SESEC Training Module 6: Lighting
byDITF Denkendorf
 
PPTX
SESEC Training Module 9: Vacuum and Cleaning
byDITF Denkendorf
 
PPTX
SESEC Training Module 8: Ventilation and Air Conditioning
byDITF Denkendorf
 
PPTX
SESEC Training Module 7: Heating
byDITF Denkendorf
 
PPTX
EDST (English version)
byCITEVE
 
SESEC Training Module 10: Measurement and Verification
byDITF Denkendorf
 
SESEC - Steam
byDITF Denkendorf
 
SESEC Training Module 1: Supply contracts and load shifting
byDITF Denkendorf
 
SESEC Training Module 6: Lighting
byDITF Denkendorf
 
SESEC Training Module 9: Vacuum and Cleaning
byDITF Denkendorf
 
SESEC Training Module 8: Ventilation and Air Conditioning
byDITF Denkendorf
 
SESEC Training Module 7: Heating
byDITF Denkendorf
 
EDST (English version)
byCITEVE
 

What's hot

PPTX
SESEC Training Module 14: Self-Assessment Tool (SAT)
byDITF Denkendorf
 
PDF
Solwatt Energy Performance Contract
bySolvay Energy Services Iberica
 
PPTX
Energy auditing and energy efficiency indicators
byCETN
 
PDF
Five actions fit for 55: streamlining energy savings calculations
byLeonardo ENERGY
 
PDF
Introduction to the Ecodesign of Energy Related Products Directive
byLeonardo ENERGY
 
PDF
COGEN Europe presentation at COGEN Hungary's Annual Conference
byCOGEN Europe
 
PDF
Future Electricity Markets: key pillars with high shares of wind and PV
byLeonardo ENERGY
 
PPTX
Energy Storage Training
byTonex
 
PDF
Introduction to BACS and TBM
byLeonardo ENERGY
 
PPTX
Modelling an individual country within the context of the surrounding energy ...
byThe Sustainable Energy Planning research group at Aalborg University
 
PPT
Overall SESEC Approach
byDITF Denkendorf
 
PPTX
SESEC Training Module 5: Renewable Energy and co-generation
byEnea CROSS-TEC (English)
 
PDF
Cogen Europe presentation @ Hannover Fair - "Cogeneration becoming a cornerst...
byCOGEN Europe
 
PDF
Session 27 Bo Östlund
byTransportforum (VTI)
 
PDF
Presentation by COGEN Europe at Combined Heat and Power Conference in Cork (I...
byCOGEN Europe
 
PDF
OPTi_Poster
byAthens University of Economics and Business
 
PDF
Practical experiences with internal and external energy performance contracti...
byIEA DSM Implementing Agreement (IA)
 
PPTX
EMBT (English version)
byCITEVE
 
PPT
Philipp Steinberg - La transición energética en Europa y el cambio climático
byFundación Ramón Areces
 
PDF
CHP in Europe: today and tomorrow
byCOGEN Europe
 
SESEC Training Module 14: Self-Assessment Tool (SAT)
byDITF Denkendorf
 
Solwatt Energy Performance Contract
bySolvay Energy Services Iberica
 
Energy auditing and energy efficiency indicators
byCETN
 
Five actions fit for 55: streamlining energy savings calculations
byLeonardo ENERGY
 
Introduction to the Ecodesign of Energy Related Products Directive
byLeonardo ENERGY
 
COGEN Europe presentation at COGEN Hungary's Annual Conference
byCOGEN Europe
 
Future Electricity Markets: key pillars with high shares of wind and PV
byLeonardo ENERGY
 
Energy Storage Training
byTonex
 
Introduction to BACS and TBM
byLeonardo ENERGY
 
Modelling an individual country within the context of the surrounding energy ...
byThe Sustainable Energy Planning research group at Aalborg University
 
Overall SESEC Approach
byDITF Denkendorf
 
SESEC Training Module 5: Renewable Energy and co-generation
byEnea CROSS-TEC (English)
 
Cogen Europe presentation @ Hannover Fair - "Cogeneration becoming a cornerst...
byCOGEN Europe
 
Session 27 Bo Östlund
byTransportforum (VTI)
 
Presentation by COGEN Europe at Combined Heat and Power Conference in Cork (I...
byCOGEN Europe
 
OPTi_Poster
byAthens University of Economics and Business
 
Practical experiences with internal and external energy performance contracti...
byIEA DSM Implementing Agreement (IA)
 
EMBT (English version)
byCITEVE
 
Philipp Steinberg - La transición energética en Europa y el cambio climático
byFundación Ramón Areces
 
CHP in Europe: today and tomorrow
byCOGEN Europe
 

Similar to SESEC Training Module 2: Utilization and Production machines

PDF
High Efficiency Motor Systems
byLeonardo ENERGY
 
PDF
The scope for energy savings from energy management
byLeonardo ENERGY
 
PDF
EU Policy on ecodesign in the circular economy
byMedi Ambient. Generalitat de Catalunya
 
PDF
Why investing in energy efficiency
byDario Di Santo
 
PDF
Energy Efficiency: Insights from Behavioural Economics
byStockholm Institute of Transition Economics
 
PPTX
Manufacturing Innovation & the Power of Partnerships
bymmabbitt
 
PPT
SESEC Training Module 3: Compressed Air
byEnea CROSS-TEC (English)
 
PDF
Accelerated replacement of electric motors
byLeonardo ENERGY
 
PDF
Energy efficiency policy as a multi-level governance task
byUlla Herbst
 
PDF
Policy recommendations for the Clean Energy package based on IndustRE project...
byLeonardo ENERGY
 
PDF
Deep Dive Training Energy Efficiency in Industrial Processes
byChristoph Emde
 
PDF
IRJET- Electrical Energy Auditing and Saving Opportunities in Textile Ind...
byIRJET Journal
 
PPT
Eaci - Intelligent energy
byCooperatives Europe
 
PDF
Lean Energy Webinar
byWonderware United Kingdom
 
PDF
Isde 2
byAlexander Decker
 
PDF
Energy (in) efficiency for energy & environment management
byY P Chawla
 
PDF
22.5. Systeemiajattelu energiaintensiivisessä teollisuudessa
byTekes Programmes and Campaigns
 
PDF
Towards resource efficiency with the help of IoT in the 4th industrial revolu...
byDario Di Santo
 
PPTX
Manufacturing Conference Workshop 3 - OEE and Energy
byIdhammarsystemsltd
 
PDF
Walter Stahel - Circular economy webinar (Feb. 2012
byEllenMacArthurFoundation
 
High Efficiency Motor Systems
byLeonardo ENERGY
 
The scope for energy savings from energy management
byLeonardo ENERGY
 
EU Policy on ecodesign in the circular economy
byMedi Ambient. Generalitat de Catalunya
 
Why investing in energy efficiency
byDario Di Santo
 
Energy Efficiency: Insights from Behavioural Economics
byStockholm Institute of Transition Economics
 
Manufacturing Innovation & the Power of Partnerships
bymmabbitt
 
SESEC Training Module 3: Compressed Air
byEnea CROSS-TEC (English)
 
Accelerated replacement of electric motors
byLeonardo ENERGY
 
Energy efficiency policy as a multi-level governance task
byUlla Herbst
 
Policy recommendations for the Clean Energy package based on IndustRE project...
byLeonardo ENERGY
 
Deep Dive Training Energy Efficiency in Industrial Processes
byChristoph Emde
 
IRJET- Electrical Energy Auditing and Saving Opportunities in Textile Ind...
byIRJET Journal
 
Eaci - Intelligent energy
byCooperatives Europe
 
Lean Energy Webinar
byWonderware United Kingdom
 
Isde 2
byAlexander Decker
 
Energy (in) efficiency for energy & environment management
byY P Chawla
 
22.5. Systeemiajattelu energiaintensiivisessä teollisuudessa
byTekes Programmes and Campaigns
 
Towards resource efficiency with the help of IoT in the 4th industrial revolu...
byDario Di Santo
 
Manufacturing Conference Workshop 3 - OEE and Energy
byIdhammarsystemsltd
 
Walter Stahel - Circular economy webinar (Feb. 2012
byEllenMacArthurFoundation
 

More from DITF Denkendorf

PPT
SESEC - Druckluft
byDITF Denkendorf
 
PPTX
SESEC - Vakuum und Reinigung
byDITF Denkendorf
 
PPTX
SESEC - Dampf
byDITF Denkendorf
 
PPTX
SESEC - Garas
byDITF Denkendorf
 
PPTX
SESEC Vacuum LIT
byDITF Denkendorf
 
PPTX
SESEC Steam HR
byDITF Denkendorf
 
PPTX
SESEC SAT Self Assessment
byDITF Denkendorf
 
PPTX
SESEC Lighting
byDITF Denkendorf
 
PPTX
SESEC approach
byDITF Denkendorf
 
PPTX
SESEC - Beleuchtung
byDITF Denkendorf
 
PPTX
SESEC Compressed Air
byDITF Denkendorf
 
PPTX
SESEC - Selbstevaluierungstool SAT
byDITF Denkendorf
 
PPT
SESC Compressed Air
byDITF Denkendorf
 
PPTX
SESEC Heating HR
byDITF Denkendorf
 
PPTX
SESEC - Tiekimo kontraktai ir apkrovos keitimas
byDITF Denkendorf
 
PPTX
SESEC - Atsinaujinanti energija ir kogeneracija
byDITF Denkendorf
 
PPTX
SESEC Heizung
byDITF Denkendorf
 
PPTX
SESEC - Erneuerbare Energie & Kraft-Wärme-Kopplung
byDITF Denkendorf
 
PPTX
SESEC Klimatechnik und Belüftung
byDITF Denkendorf
 
PPTX
SESEC EDST
byDITF Denkendorf
 
SESEC - Druckluft
byDITF Denkendorf
 
SESEC - Vakuum und Reinigung
byDITF Denkendorf
 
SESEC - Dampf
byDITF Denkendorf
 
SESEC - Garas
byDITF Denkendorf
 
SESEC Vacuum LIT
byDITF Denkendorf
 
SESEC Steam HR
byDITF Denkendorf
 
SESEC SAT Self Assessment
byDITF Denkendorf
 
SESEC Lighting
byDITF Denkendorf
 
SESEC approach
byDITF Denkendorf
 
SESEC - Beleuchtung
byDITF Denkendorf
 
SESEC Compressed Air
byDITF Denkendorf
 
SESEC - Selbstevaluierungstool SAT
byDITF Denkendorf
 
SESC Compressed Air
byDITF Denkendorf
 
SESEC Heating HR
byDITF Denkendorf
 
SESEC - Tiekimo kontraktai ir apkrovos keitimas
byDITF Denkendorf
 
SESEC - Atsinaujinanti energija ir kogeneracija
byDITF Denkendorf
 
SESEC Heizung
byDITF Denkendorf
 
SESEC - Erneuerbare Energie & Kraft-Wärme-Kopplung
byDITF Denkendorf
 
SESEC Klimatechnik und Belüftung
byDITF Denkendorf
 
SESEC EDST
byDITF Denkendorf
 

Recently uploaded

PDF
Basics of Systematic Literature Search - Nasra Gathoni
bySystematic Reviews Network (SRN)
 
PDF
Projecte de la porta de la classe de primer A: Mar i cel.
byeduardrubio1
 
PPTX
CLASS -9 POLITICAL SCIENCE PPT CHAPTER -5 DEMOCRATIC RIGHTS.pptx
bydushyantchavhan
 
PDF
The Drift Principle: When Information Accelerates Faster Than Minds Can Compress
byReality Drift Archive
 
PPTX
Hypothesis. its definition and typrs pptx
byMakarand Joshi
 
PPTX
What is the Post load hook in Odoo 18
byCeline George
 
DOCX
TOXICITY AND ITS MANAGEMENT 6th sem unit 5, PHARMACOLOGY-III B. PHARMACY
byjagdeepsinghynr7
 
PDF
BỘ TEST KIỂM TRA CUỐI HỌC KÌ 1 - TIẾNG ANH 6-7-8-9 GLOBAL SUCCESS - PHIÊN BẢN...
byNguyen Thanh Tu Collection
 
PDF
Principles and Practices of GST 2.0 Study material
bySri Ramakrishna College of Arts and science
 
PDF
Prescription Writing- Elements, Parts, and Exercises
byDr. Ishita Agarwal
 
PDF
The Tale of Melon City poem ppt by Sahasra
bybitrasahasra
 
PPTX
Details of Muscular-and-Nervous-Tissues.pptx
byAshish Umale
 
PDF
The Tale of Melon City poem ppt by Sahasra
bybitrasahasra
 
PDF
The Pity of War: Form, Fragment, and the Artificial Echo | Understanding War ...
byNidhi Pandya
 
PDF
Types of Vegetable Gardens, College of Agriculture Balaghat.pdf
bybisensharad
 
PPTX
SOCIAL SYSTEM.......................pptx
byAneetaSharma15
 
PPTX
Unit I — Introduction to Anatomical Terms and Organization of the Human Body
byRAKESH SAJJAN
 
PPTX
15 December 2025 Education for human flourishing Michael Stevenson .pptx
byEduSkills OECD
 
PDF
Ketogenic diet in Epilepsy in children..
bymirzasania0810
 
PDF
FAMILY ASSESSMENT FORMAT - CHN practical
byDr. Sudhadevi Sadanandan
 
Basics of Systematic Literature Search - Nasra Gathoni
bySystematic Reviews Network (SRN)
 
Projecte de la porta de la classe de primer A: Mar i cel.
byeduardrubio1
 
CLASS -9 POLITICAL SCIENCE PPT CHAPTER -5 DEMOCRATIC RIGHTS.pptx
bydushyantchavhan
 
The Drift Principle: When Information Accelerates Faster Than Minds Can Compress
byReality Drift Archive
 
Hypothesis. its definition and typrs pptx
byMakarand Joshi
 
What is the Post load hook in Odoo 18
byCeline George
 
TOXICITY AND ITS MANAGEMENT 6th sem unit 5, PHARMACOLOGY-III B. PHARMACY
byjagdeepsinghynr7
 
BỘ TEST KIỂM TRA CUỐI HỌC KÌ 1 - TIẾNG ANH 6-7-8-9 GLOBAL SUCCESS - PHIÊN BẢN...
byNguyen Thanh Tu Collection
 
Principles and Practices of GST 2.0 Study material
bySri Ramakrishna College of Arts and science
 
Prescription Writing- Elements, Parts, and Exercises
byDr. Ishita Agarwal
 
The Tale of Melon City poem ppt by Sahasra
bybitrasahasra
 
Details of Muscular-and-Nervous-Tissues.pptx
byAshish Umale
 
The Tale of Melon City poem ppt by Sahasra
bybitrasahasra
 
The Pity of War: Form, Fragment, and the Artificial Echo | Understanding War ...
byNidhi Pandya
 
Types of Vegetable Gardens, College of Agriculture Balaghat.pdf
bybisensharad
 
SOCIAL SYSTEM.......................pptx
byAneetaSharma15
 
Unit I — Introduction to Anatomical Terms and Organization of the Human Body
byRAKESH SAJJAN
 
15 December 2025 Education for human flourishing Michael Stevenson .pptx
byEduSkills OECD
 
Ketogenic diet in Epilepsy in children..
bymirzasania0810
 
FAMILY ASSESSMENT FORMAT - CHN practical
byDr. Sudhadevi Sadanandan
 

SESEC Training Module 2: Utilization and Production machines

  • 1.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 1Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
  • 2.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 2 Overview  Introduction  Theory  Excercises  Business Case  Summary Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
  • 3.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 3Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
  • 4.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 4Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
  • 5.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 5 The Situation • Rising energy prices make it necessary to look for alternatives like flexible energy prices • Textile machines offer potential for energy savings • “A classification of textile machines into energy efficiency[…] is not readily feasible“ [1, p.7] • Sustainably produced products become increasingly important • Plant operators have to follow the EU guide lines(2010/75/EU) Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
  • 6.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 6Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary “The textile manufacturer, the demands on the textile product, the material, the fibre supplier and the manufacturer of the machines all have an influence on energy efficiency.” [1, p.7] It is a problem which affects the entire value added chain
  • 7.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 7 Reasons for excess consumption I. Excess consumption caused by technical issues II. Excess consumption caused by behavioral/organizational issues Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
  • 8.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 8 Reasons for excess consumption I. Excess consumption caused by technical issues: – Several times a day machines are turned on/off – Degree of efficiency is used suboptimal – Frequent machine downtimes – Improper maintenance of machines – Non optimal machine settings – “The use of inferior wearing parts reduce the efficiency of machinery and increase energy consumption.” [1, p.9] Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
  • 9.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 9 Reasons for excess consumption I. Excess consumption caused by technical issues (continued): – Using motors in fixed speed – Use of low efficiency motors – Use of rewinded motors – Use of direct start in motors – Use star/triangle starter in larger engines Uncompensated reactive energy – Phase imbalance due to poor distribution of single-phase equipment Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
  • 10.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 10 Reasons for excess consumption II. Excess consumption caused by behavioral/organizational issues: – Bad order planning – Orders are often processed individually – Production takes place at the time of the day when energy costs reach the peak – Machines running without being necessary – Low load regimen – Long downtimes between orders Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
  • 11.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 11Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
  • 12.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 12Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
  • 13.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 13 Political aspects • “The climate and energy policy objectives of the European Union faces new challenges […] By 2020, the energy efficiency is to be improved by 20 percent” [17] • The policy encourages the industry to devote themselves strategically to the energy consumption • Politics and business are also committed, amongst other things, to the marking of the energy efficiency of products • In the European Union, the production permit is based on Best Available Techniques (BAT) Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
  • 14.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 14 What needs to be done? Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
  • 15.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 15 Approach I. Technical issues II. Behavioral/organizational issues Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
  • 16.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 16 Approach I. Technical issues: 1. Avoid on/off running of machines 2. Correct use of the machine 3. Avoid waste and reduce scrap rate 4. Avoid peak load 5. Use machines at optimal load 6. Upgrade existing systems Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
  • 17.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 17 Approach II. Behavioral/organizational issues: 1. Use of work shifts 2. Train employees 3. Define indicators 4. Manage orders Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
  • 18.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 18 I. Technical issues Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
  • 19.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 19 1. Avoid on/off running of machines • “Correct running coordination of on and off times can cause: – payback periods of less than one year – profitability is accessible from more than 20%” [13, p.1] • Cost reduction and emission reduction because of thermal consumption reduction Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
  • 20.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 20 2. Correct use of the machine a) Accurate production parameters b) Proper, seasonable machine care c) Suitable spare parts Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
  • 21.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 21 2a. Production parameters • Variable speed drives (VSDs) can lead to significant energy savings • An adaptation of the processing speed to the current requirement is most efficiently over variable-speed motors • Associated to better process control, less wear in the mechanical equipment and less acoustical noise • Lower temperature settings during non production periods (programmable regulation) Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
  • 22.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 22 2b. Machine care • Regular and preventive maintenance is important • Laboratory testing studies confirm that poor motor repair practices reduce motor efficiency: – of typically between 0.5 and 1 %, – sometimes up to 4 % or even more for old motors • Rewinding a motor can permanently reduce its efficiency by more than 1 % • Proper attention must be given to the repair process and to the repair company Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
  • 23.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 23 2c. Spare parts • Ensure that replacement parts fit perfectly • Sometimes, replacement is better than repair Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
  • 24.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 24 3. Avoid waste and reduce scrap rate • Material efficiency also means energy efficiency • Design processes to avoid waste or at least to reduce it • “Any error that must be corrected immediately after it occurs or in a subsequent process step costs additional energy“ [1, p.25] Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
  • 25.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 25 4. Avoid peak loads • Load peaks are caused by uncontrolled lead and elapse cycle • Reduced electricity costs through appropriate coordination of the lead and elapse time • ”Avoiding load peaks can redeem in less than a year” [6, p.2] Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
  • 26.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 26 5. Use machines at optimal load • Eliminate uneconomic “hot standby” periods • Maintain heat supply only if absolutely necessary • Avoid long downtimes between loads • Circumvent low load regimen • Although at optimal capacity more power is required as in the partial load operation, the energy consumption per unit of production is low • Cost reduction and emission reduction because of thermal consumption reduction Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
  • 27.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 27 6. Upgrade existing systems • Efficient powertrains • Use modern equipment • Use of sensors and measuring systems “New investments or retrofits of existing facilities can be amortized in 2-3 years“ [13, p.1] Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
  • 28.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 28 II. Behavioral/organizational issues. Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
  • 29.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 29 1. Use of work shifts • Shifting of energivorous processes towards lower price time slots • Work shifts on the weekend • Working at that time of the day when energy costs are low Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
  • 30.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 30 2. Train employees • Make sure everyone knows not to turn on machines without being necessary • Ensure optimum usage of machines • Assign a person responsible to initiate actions in the field of energy efficiency • Train all staff to do manual checks and to watch for energy saving opportunities • Motivate employees to act energy- efficient Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
  • 31.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 31 3. Define indicators • Collect data about : – type of motor – power installed – energy efficiency class (compilation per machine type and quantity of machines per type installed) – average running time per machine • This procedure is necessary to identify potential for energy savings or consumption optimizations Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
  • 32.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 32 4. Manage orders • Combine orders if possible • Optimize process sequence • “While planning the production processes consider the attendant energy supply“ [11,p.10] Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
  • 33.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 33Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary Excercises.
  • 34.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 34 Excercise 1: Excess consumption Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary Which answer is an issue for excess technical consumption? a) Orders are often processed individually b) Frequent machine downtimes c) Bad order planning
  • 35.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 35 Excercise-1: Excess consumption Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary Which answer is an issue for excess technical consumption? a) Orders are often processed individually b) Frequent machine downtimes c) Bad order planning
  • 36.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 36 Excercise-2: Machine running Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary Is it efficient to turn machines off during a short coffee break ? a) Yes b) No
  • 37.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 37 Excercise-2: Machine running Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary Is it efficient to turn machines off during a short coffee break ? a) Yes b) No
  • 38.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 38 Excercise-3: Machine care Rewinding a motor can permanently?: a) Reduce its efficiency by more than 1 % b) Reduce its efficiency by more than 10 % c) Improve its efficiency by more than 0,4 % Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
  • 39.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 39 Excercise-3: Machine care Rewinding a motor can permanently?: a) Reduce its efficiency by more than 1 % b) Reduce its efficiency by more than 10 % c) Improve its efficiency by more than 0,4 % Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
  • 40.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 40 Gap text Enter the correct, missing words. Energy efficiency is a problem which affects . only companies only the government just the engine builder the entire value added chain singly the industry only the suppliers singly the consumer Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
  • 41.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 41 Gap text Enter the correct, missing words. Energy efficiency is a problem which affects the entire value added chain . only companies only the government just the engine builder the entire value added chain singly the industry only the suppliers singly the consumer Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
  • 42.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 42Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
  • 43.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 43 Practical example-1: full load Energy efficiency through full load  Not only less energy, but also less labor per unit of production Source: http://www.swisstextiles.ch/cms/upload/dokumente/umwelt/energie_textil.pdf Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary full load [kW] 50 or half load [kW] 35 working hours [h] 4000 working hours [h] 8000 [kWh/a] 200000 [kWh/a] 280000
  • 44.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 44 Practical example-1: full load Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary full load: 50 kW 200000 kWh/a  working hours: 4000 h  working hours: 8000 h half load: 35 kW 280000 kWh/a
  • 45.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 45 Practical example-2: load peaks Daily electrical power consumption profiles of a textile company [one month] [6, p.4] • The analysis of the electricity demand profile provides information on peak load times and provides the opportunity to reduce costs through load management • The largest peak of demands consistently appear between 10 am to noon • If possible, these processes should be shifted in the late afternoon Source: Land und Wirtschaft NRW: Rationelle Energienutzung in der Textilindustrie Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
  • 46.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 46Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
  • 47.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 47 Review • Energy efficiency has long become a political guideline • Excess energy consumption through utilization and production machines is caused by technical as well as behavioral/organizational issues • “The efficient use of energy can boost competitiveness and thus secure the future of companies” [7,p.2] • Small, effective saving measures can be achieved in many places already by small behavioral changes like reorganization with low investment Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
  • 48.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 48 Readings-1 [1] VDMA Textile Machinery: Conserving resources – securing savings-potential. The comparison, measuring and labellingof energy-efficient textile machinery. [2] CITEVE (2013): Critical Energy Saving Points for the Clothing Manufacturing Process/Factory Enviroment, Deliverable D3.1 [3] SESEC (2013): Savings potential, Deliverable D2.3 [4] SESEC (2013): Energy data, Deliverable D2.2 v0.2 [5] SESEC (2012): Energy Saving Methodology, Deliverable D2.1 [6] Land und Wirtschaft NRW: Rationelle Energienutzung in der Textilindustrie [7] EnergieAgentur. NRW (2012): Leitfaden. Effiziente Energienutzung in der Textilveredlung [8] SwissTextiles: Energie & Textil URI: http://www.swisstextiles.ch/cms/upload/dokumente/umwelt/energie_textil.pdf [9] Hasanbeigi, A.; Hasanabadi, A.; Abdorrazaghi, M.: Energy Efficiency Technologies and Comparing the Energy Intensity in the Textile Industry URI: http://www.aceee.org/files/proceedings/2011/data/papers/0085-000041.pdf [10] Hasanbeigi, Ali (2010): Energy-Efficiency Improvement Opportunities for the Textile Industry URI: http://escholarship.org/uc/item/6jw8s2gz#page-5 [11] Bayerisches Landesamt für Umwelt (LfU) (2009): Leitfaden für effiziente Energienutzung in Industrie und Gewerbe URI: http://www.muenchen.ihk.de/de/innovation/Anhaenge/Leitfaden-Energieeffizienz-in- Industrie-und-Gewerbe.pdf Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
  • 49.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 49 Readings-2 [12] SUBRAMANIAM, S. K. ; HUSIN, S. H.; YUSOP, Y.; HAMIDON, A. H. : Machine efficiency and man power utilization on production lines URI: http://www.wseas.us/e-library/conferences/2008/tenerife/CD-CSECS/papers/CSECS05.pdf [13] Rouette, H.K.; Tönsing, E. (1999): Rationelle Anwendung von Strom in der Textilindustrie URI: mobile.energieverbraucher.de/files/download/file/0/1/0/230.pdf [14] Amtsblattder EuropäischenUnion (2010): RICHTLINIE 2010/75/EU DES EUROPÄISCHEN PARLAMENTS UND DES RATES URI: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2010:334:0017:0119:de:PDF [15] Umweltbundesamt (2011): UMWELTSTANDARDS IN DERTEXTIL- UND SCHUHBRANCHEEIN LEITFADEN AUF BASIS DER BVT-MERKBLÄTTER DER EU URI: http://www.umweltbundesamt.de/en/publikationen/umweltstandards-in-textil- schuhbranche [16] Europäische Kommission Generaldirektion Energie und Verkehr (2007): Vision 2020: Energiesparen! URI: http://ec.europa.eu/energy/action_plan_energy_efficiency/doc/2007_eeap_de.pdf [17] Enterprise Europe Network: URI: http://www.steinbeis-europa.de/optimes.html Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
  • 50.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 50 Pictures-1 • Slide 1 Thomas Totz: Vor dem Abriss - old factory URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/def110/2750709197/sizes/l/in/photostream/ License: CC BY-SA 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/) • Slide 2 Calsidyrose: Vintage compass on a vintage map URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/calsidyrose/4925267732/sizes/l/in/photostream/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) • Slide 3 Tony Hisgett: Old Engineering works bw URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/hisgett/3617901120/sizes/l/in/photostream/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/deed.de) • Slide 4 Children's Bureau Centennial: LC-DIG-nclc-01581 URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/67331818@N03/8549485412/sizes/l/in/photostream/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) • Slide 5 Flattop341: Guatemala tip #378 When there is a local demonstration blocking the highway follow the Chicken Buses. URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/flattop341/12392909994/sizes/o/in/photostream/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
  • 51.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 51 Pictures-2 • Slide 6 Children's Bureau Centennial: LC-DIG-nclc-02304 Boy Mill Doffer URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/67331818@N03/8548362217/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) • Slide 7-10, 18+28 Ralphbijker: motion gears -team force URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/17258892@N05/2588347668/sizes/o/in/photostream/ License:CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) Watchsmart: Post it Notes URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/watchsmart/3227691975/ License:CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) • Slide 11 Children's Bureau Centennial: LC-DIG-nclc-01379 Child Labor Industrial URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/67331818@N03/8548222863/sizes/l/in/photostream/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) • Slide 12 Children's Bureau Centennial: LC-DIG-nclc-02100 Girls Yarn Mill URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/67331818@N03/8548379255/sizes/l/in/photostream/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
  • 52.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 52 Pictures-3 • Slide 13 MCAD Library: In Politics URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/69184488@N06/8091033790/sizes/l/in/photostream/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) • Slide 14 Véronique Debord-Lazaro: What? URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/debord/4932655275/sizes/o/in/photostream/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) • Slide 15-17 Boston Public Library: Tourist guide post at Sarasota, Florida URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/boston_public_library/8071411571/sizes/l/in/photostream/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) • Slide 19 Cristian Menghi: ON-OFF URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/cmenghi/5600975060/sizes/l/in/photostream/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) • Slide 20 Evan Hahn: Thumbs Up (simple) URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/evanhahn/5245014492/sizes/l/in/photostream/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
  • 53.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 53 Pictures-4 • Slide 21 Andy Maguire: Numbers URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/andymag/9825503886/sizes/l/in/photostream/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) • Slide 22 Brewbooks: US Navy Cryptanalytic Bombe URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/brewbooks/3318600273/sizes/l/in/photostream/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) • Slide 23 Frédéric BISSON: Machine à coudre Novella URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/zigazou76/7859020502/sizes/l/in/photostream/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) • Slide 24 Oatsy40: Rubbish URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/oatsy40/7631270960/sizes/l/in/photostream/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) • Slide 25 Arthur Chapman: Buffalo road sign at Delta Junction, Alaska URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/arthur_chapman/3906188053/sizes/l/in/photostream/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
  • 54.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 54 Pictures-5 • Slide 26 Greg Walters: Full Load URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/gregwalters/2069876851/sizes/l/in/photostream/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) • Slide 27 Alex Roberts: System Update URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/bovinity/2125620107/sizes/o/in/photostream/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) • Slide 29 Xiaojun Deng: Queue URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/hktang/4243300265/sizes/l/in/photostream/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) • Slide 30 Daniel R. Blume: Teaching URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/drb62/2474763910/sizes/o/in/photostream/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) • Slide 31 Aussiegall: Measuring time URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/aussiegall/286709039/sizes/o/in/photostream/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
  • 55.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 55 Pictures-6 • Slide 32 Erix: A blessed appetit URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/erix/4770458552/sizes/l/in/photostream/ License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/deed.de • Slide 33 Olga Filonenko: 16/365 - Old armchairs and books URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/olfiika/7815553018/sizes/l/in/photostream/ License: CC BY-SA 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/) • Slide 42 Julian Jensen: 24. 20º URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/lnight/4028151256/in/photolist-78Xk2J-7c19tz-7gzvc6-7gCsEx-7gFKjf-7gGoSL- 7gGoVL-7gGoZQ-i6ycVY-dahSFQ-bsaUTo-bumUM1-bpuN2F-bpun5Z-bpua4n-bpuSSt-bpuFrR-bpuYcp-bpuq8r- bpv5VB-bpu4eM-bpuR3K-bpuRZD-e72r4y-bptUwi-bptWpa-bpuA2z-bpuYNZ-9RDvTj-bptTnr-bpuW44-j5MWyB- bpuCMD-kUQ7DB-bpv4qB-bFajee-9RwXmX-9RzRcw-9RzRbA-9RzRdA-9mLpgF-9mPqVh-9mLpST-9mPqqb-9mPpT9- 9mLox4-9mPtSf-9mPoXm-9mPtwA-jftdGz-8XHEA6/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) • Slide 44 Cherif, Chokri (2011): Textile Werkstoffe für den Leichtbau (p.493) • Slide 45 Land und Wirtschaft NRW: Rationelle Energienutzung in der Textilindustrie (p.4) Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary
  • 56.
    Co-funded by theIntelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union 56 Pictures-7 • Slide 46 PhotoAtelier: Mission-Mill-8 URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/glenbledsoe/5028109720/sizes/l/in/photolist-8EjnQU-brtt3L-8zGrko-8LjLGt- aeq4yQ-aengrD-aengkc-8AuZ5G-aengyZ-a4NSy8-a4RKJ9-a4NSK4-a4RMky-a4RLrU-a4RKv7-dG7HK4-8Bmk9J- eT4GMH-avtKTw-eTg6UL-9cCyfX-abBKKA-8XJqJC-gofyRf-bXgFmt-8aujgA-8JRhSm-dZxhcQ-dZrz8v-gT16aP-eUFki6- eUSEuf-eUSEmE-eUSF8o-eUFken-eUFkQ6-eaLxVh-fYjb3V-aAmpVK-aAmwxe-aApdHQ-aAp6H5-aAmv7M-aAmxdc- aApv7y-aAmL7K-aAmvGi-aApaSU-aAmxWF-aAmqFt-aAmz7i/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) • Slide 47 Flattop341: Timeline URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/flattop341/352434831/sizes/o/in/photostream/ License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) Introduction - Theory - Exercises - Business Case - Summary