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Urban Policy
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3. Urban form, design and development
encompasses the physical form and functions
of a city
– how the layout of buildings, roads, open
spaces, and physical and social infrastructure
including transport can be best be devised
to maximize economic opportunity, social
wellbeing, cultural diversity and
environmental health.
Zaqaziq University
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture
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5. Zaqaziq University
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture
Policy - What it is:
A policy is typically described as a deliberate plan
of action to guide decisions and achieve rational
outcome(s).
6. Zaqaziq University
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture
Policy - What it is:
The term may apply to government, private sector
organizations and groups, and individuals.
7. Zaqaziq University
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture
Policy - What it is:
Policy may also refer to the process of making
important organizational decisions.
Policies can be understood as political, management,
financial, and administrative mechanisms arranged to
reach explicit goals.
8. Zaqaziq University
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture
Policies are typically promulgated through official
written documents. Such documents often have
standard formats that are particular to the
organization issuing the policy. While such formats
differ in form, policy documents usually contain
certain standard components including:
9. Zaqaziq University
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture
policy documents usually contain certain standard
components including:
A purpose statement "vision”, outlining why the
organization is issuing the policy, and what its
desired effect or outcome of the policy should be.
10. Zaqaziq University
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture
policy documents usually contain certain standard
components including:
An applicability and scope statement, describing who the policy
affects and which actions are impacted by the policy.
The applicability and scope may expressly exclude certain people,
organizations, or actions from the policy requirements.
Applicability and scope is used to focus the policy on only the desired
targets, and avoid unintended consequences where possible.
11. Zaqaziq University
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture
policy documents usually contain certain standard
components including:
An effective date which indicates when the policy
comes into force.
12. Zaqaziq University
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture
policy documents usually contain certain standard
components including:
A responsibilities section, indicating which parties and
organizations are responsible for carrying out individual
policy statements.
13. Zaqaziq University
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture
policy documents usually contain certain standard
components including:
Policy statements indicating the specific regulations,
requirements, or modifications to organizational behavior
that the policy is creating.
Policy statements are extremely diverse depending on the
organization and intent, and may take almost any form.
14. Public Policy - What it is:
Zaqaziq University
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture
Public policy can be generally defined as the course of
action or inaction taken by governmental entities (the
decisions of government) with regard to a particular
issue or set of issues.
15. Design Code
A precise description of parameters for designing
buildings and open space on each lot within a
development, which may also include
specification of material and detail.
Zaqaziq University
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture
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17. Zaqaziq University
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture
Used by local councils and private sector developers to
control the site planning and design quality on
individual lots within a larger development.
Design Code
18. Zaqaziq University
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture
Design Code
How it’s done:
A design code usually comprises a master plan and written
information.
The master plan is three dimensional and illustrates the
development area and intended arrangement of spaces,
buildings and design details.
The written information explains the plan, and details issues such
as landscape, materials and mix of uses.
19. Design Guide
A guideline that describes in words and illustrations
the principles for achieving quality urban design.
Design guides can be either non-statutory or
statutory in relation to a district plan.
Zaqaziq University
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture
20. Zaqaziq University
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture
Design guides may be applied to specific areas, such as character
areas, town and city centers, development types (for example,
multi-unit housing), or to design issues (for example, design for
streetscape quality or safety).
Design Guide
21. Vision
Outlines what the developer wants to be, or how it
wants the world in which it operates to be.
It concentrates on the future. It is a source of
inspiration. It provides clear decision-making criteria.
Zaqaziq University
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture
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23. Zaqaziq University
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture
Urban design policy is concerned with more than just
the architectural quality of development. It helps to
shape the place as a whole, and all its economic, social
and environmental impacts. To bring about fundamental
change, urban design policy needs to define a vision
which will be realized over a time span – sometimes as
long as a generation – and achieved through a series of
staged objectives focusing on short-term goals.
24. Zaqaziq University
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture
Planning, urban design and sustainable development
are responses to the same challenge:
how to make successful places in a responsible way.
25. In order to develop good urban design policies there should be
co-ordination and collaborative working between departments
within local authorities.
Zaqaziq University
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture
26. Zaqaziq University
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture
Design policies should be clear, specific, measurable
or testable, and technically feasible.
Each policy should provide: first, a design objective and
second, an explanation of how a solution might fulfil that
objective.
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28. Zaqaziq University
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture
Policy differs from rules or law .
While law can compel or prohibit behaviors (e.g. a law
requiring the payment of taxes on income)
policy merely guides actions toward those that are
most likely to achieve a desired outcome.
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34. Zaqaziq University
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture
Why laws and legislations ??! Human rights : Safety
Safety is the state of being "safe" `the condition of being protected
against physical, social, spiritual, financial, political, emotional,
occupational, psychological, educational or other types or
consequences of failure, damage, error, accidents, harm or any
other event which could be considered non-desirable.
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39. Zaqaziq University
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture
Ownership Protection
Why laws and legislations ??!
Ownership is the state or fact of exclusive rights and control over
property, which may be an object, land or intellectual property.
40. Urban design may encompass the
preparation of design guidelines and
regulatory frameworks, or even legislation to
control development. and in this sense
overlaps with urban planning.
Zaqaziq University
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture
41. Zaqaziq University
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture
Aesthetic Legislation
Throughout history, architectural form has been defined
and, or affected, by legislation designed to control its
appearance.
Laws, have been used to define the physical form,
material architectural features of public spaces, and other
such parts of the city
42. Zaqaziq University
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture
Aesthetic Legislation
The inter relationship between architecture and law needs
to be ascertained – especially how the built environment
(including buildings, public spaces, and the use of those
spaces) has been controlled through various forms of
legislation. It is the design of the ‘appropriate appearance’
.of the city fabric
43. Zaqaziq University
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture
Aesthetic Legislation
Building Height
Urban scale
Street proportion
Sky line
Identity
46. Zaqaziq University
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture
Economic Legislations
• Business retention and expansion
• Human resources
• Social economy
• Industrial attraction
• income and outcome
47. Zaqaziq University
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture
Economic Legislations
Land prices
– cost –
benefits –
landed
market
48. Zaqaziq University
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture
Social Legislations
Activities
Privacy
Human rights
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50. Zaqaziq University
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture
Environmental Legislations
Site constraints
Atmosphere
Moisture
Temperature
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53. Zaqaziq University
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture
Flexibility
Variety
Complementary
Futurity
Design policies should be
clear, specific, measurable
or testable, and technically
feasible.
54. Zaqaziq University
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture
Towns and cities are constantly changing, and in ways that are
unpredictable. How will we be living, working, shopping or
enjoying ourselves in 10, 20 or 30 years time? We don’t know.
That does not mean that we can not plan and design.
What it does mean is that we need to plan and design flexible
frameworks that can accommodate change.
55. We need to understand local economic and market conditions.
And we need to know about the people who live there – how
they live, how they work, how they move about the area and
what they hope for the place’s future.
Zaqaziq University
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture
56. Zaqaziq University
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture
Sustainable urban development :
development that improves the long-term social and ecological health
of cities and towns
‘Sustainable' city's include compact, efficient land use, less automobile
use yet with better access, efficient resource use, less pollution and
waste, the restoration of natural systems, good housing and living
environments, a healthy social ecology, a sustainable economy,
community participation and involvement and preservation of local
culture and wisdom
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58. 1. Has to be a team or partnership approach
2. Team has to be inter-disciplinary
3. Need a champion
4. Informed by comprehensive research
5. Risk assessment of site
6. Research the market
Zaqaziq University
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture
59. 7. Building community awareness/ understanding
8. Consultation with stakeholders
9. Develop a business case
Zaqaziq University
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architecture
