The document discusses the four main types of plate boundaries: 1) Convergent boundaries, where plates collide, can form mountains, trenches, or volcanic islands depending if the plates are continental or oceanic. Examples given are the Himalayas and Mauna Loa volcano in Hawaii. 2) Transform boundaries, where plates slide past each other, can cause earthquakes like the 1906 San Andreas quake or tsunamis like the 2011 Japan event. 3) Divergent boundaries, where plates move apart, form rift valleys like in East Africa or mid-ocean ridges like the Juan de Fuca Ridge. 4) Examples of each boundary type are analyzed in more detail, explaining how the

1. Photographic Evidence
By: Manibah

2. Convergent Boundary
Continental-Continental= Mountains
Himalayan Mountains are the tallest
mountain range in the world.
Cause: Two continental plates collide together.
Effect: The oceanic crust goes under continental
creating mountain.

3. Subduction Zone
Crater Lake National Park created due to
plates collision.
Cause: The two plates colliding.
Effect: Volcanic eruptions and
trenches.

4. Convergent Boundary-Subduction Zone
Oceanic-Oceanic= Trench
Marianas trench ocean is
one of the deepest part of
ocean.
Cause: When two plates carrying oceanic
crust meet.
Effect: Oceanic Trench is formed as the
massive.

5. Convergent Boundary-Subduction Zone
Oceanic -Oceanic= Volcanic Island
Mauna Loa Erupting in Hawaii
Cause: When tectonic plate comes together,
magma rises upward until it erupts on the sea.
Effect: Creates Volcanic Island.

6. Convergent Boundary-Subduction Zone
Oceanic-Continental= Trench and Volcanic Arc
Aleutian Arc is a large volcanic arc in the State of Alaska.
Aleutian Trench is an Oceanic Trench along a convergent plate boundary
Cause: When a continental plate converges with an
oceanic plate a subduction zone forms.
Effects: Which creates trenches and volcanic arc.

7. Analysis
At convergent boundary, two tectonic plates come together. It either happens at continental crust,
oceanic or both which is lead to different features. One real-world event example could be Mauna Loa
which, volcanic island erupting in Hawaii, 1984. The eruption of Mauna Loa began suddenly, following
a period of years of slowly increasing earthquake activity beneath the volcano. When tectonic plate
comes together, magma rises upward until it erupts on the sea floor creating an volcanic island. Lava
builds up on the seafloor over millions of years. The lava cool fastly as it reaches the ocean and
forms solid rock creating an island. Another example of real-world event could be Himalayan
mountains. For at least 80 million years the oceanic Indian Plate continued its unavoidable collision
with southern Asia, including Tibet. The collision of plates is making Himalaya to move more. In
conclusion, when two tectonic plates converge, it creates beautiful yet dangerous features such as
volcanic island and mountains.

8. Transform Boundary
Continental-continental= Earthquake
San Andreas fault earthquake was
dangerous and destructive earthquake.
Cause: When rock underground suddenly
breaks along a fault.
Effect: Causes a destructive earthquake.

9. Transform Boundary
Oceanic-Oceanic=Tsunami
Tsunami occurred in Japan, 2011 causing
massive destruction with the magnitude of 7.3
Cause: Large waves caused by sudden movement
on the ocean floor that can result from an
earthquake.
Effect: Causes a great destruction from Tsunami.

10. Analysis
At Transform boundary, two plates move past each other without breaking. Two main features of
Transform boundary are Earthquake and Tsunami. One example of real-world event could be the San
Andreas fault earthquake in 1906. It had magnitude between 7.7-7.9 and it was destructive and
dangerous. Many buildings were shaken to pieces by the earthquake. Due to plates on either side of
a transform boundary are sliding past each other and not tearing or crunching each other causes
earthquake. Another example of an event is Tsunami in Japan, 2011 causing massive destruction.
Tsunami is a harbor wave caused by sudden movement in oceanic plates. In conclusion, when two
plates move past each other causes tsunami and earthquake at transform boundary.

11. Divergent Boundary
Continental-Continental= Rift Valley
Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania's Great Rift
Valley.Great Rift valley is spreading apart.
Cause: Tectonic plates break apart
from each other. Where plates move
apart, the Earth’s crust separates.
Effect: Rift valleys lead to the creation.

12. Divergent Boundary
Oceanic-Oceanic= Mid Ocean Ridge
Juan De Fuca Ridge,
mid-oceanic mountain
range. The land splitting
apart.
Cause: Uplifting of the ocean floor occurs when
convection currents rise in the mantle under oceanic
crust.
Effect:Mid-Oceanic Ridge occurs when the pressure of
the ridge pushes the rest of the tectonic plate away from
the ridge.

13. Analysis
At Divergent boundary, two plates moves apart. When the mantle of earth moves, both crusts of earth
moves. Split in the crust molten rocks and magma are forced up into the split and they move
sideways. At divergent boundary,rift valley and mid-oceanic ridge could be created. One example of
real-world event is Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania's Great Rift Valley. Great Rift valley is spreading apart.
Another example of real-world event could be Juan De Fuca Ridge, mid-oceanic mountain range. The
land splitting apart created mid oceanic ridge.This uplifting of the ocean floor occurs when
convection currents rise in the mantle under the oceanic crust and create magma where two
tectonic plates meet at a divergent boundary. In conclusion, when two plates moves apart causes
different feature to appear such as mid-oceanic ridge and rift valley.