Unit iv
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This document discusses input/output operations in C++ including console I/O, files, and file manipulation. It covers unformatted and formatted console I/O, opening and closing files, detecting errors when opening files, determining the end of a file, different file modes, using file pointers, and handling errors during file operations. Functions and concepts discussed include put(), get(), getline(), write(), ios flags, eof(), various file mode flags like in, out, app, and binary.
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Here are the answers to the quiz questions:
1. def read_file(file_name):
lines = []
with open(file_name, 'r') as f:
for line in f:
lines.append(line)
return lines
2. def input_list():
n = int(input("Enter number of elements : "))
list1 = []
for i in range(0, n):
ele = float(input())
list1.append(ele)
return list1
def output_list(list1):
for i in list1:
print(i)
3. def display_file(filename):
with open(filename
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Here are the answers to the quiz questions:
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lines = []
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ExplanationThe files into which we are writing the date area called.pdf
Explanation:The files into which we are writing the date area called as output files.If we want to
write the result of the program in the user required format we can write in these files.
2.2) When storing and retrieving data, a sequential access file is much like a VCR tapes
In floppy disks and hard disks data retrieval and storing will be done in Random wise.But this is
not possible in case of VCR tapes.this is the disadvante of this.That why now a days we are using
hard disks to store data.
3.3) If you want to add data to an new file, what is the correct operation to perform?
Ans) create a file
4.4) To create an output file object, you would use what kind of type?
Ans)ofstream
Syntax: ofstream myfile;
myfile.open (\"D:\\\\bankbal.txt\");
5.5) What do the following statements accomplish?
ofstream theFile;
theFile.open( myFile.txt , ios::app);
Ans) Opens myFile in append mode
ios::app – If we opened a file in this mode,If any content we are writing will be appended to the
end of the file.I.e the new content we are wrinting will be appended to the end of the already
existing content.
6.6) When a file is opened in output mode, the file pointer is positioned at the beginning of the
file.
For input file and output file the pointer will we positioned at the beginning of the file only.
7.7) The is_open function returns what kind of data type?
Ans)bool
If(myfile.is_open) we use this to check whether the file opened successfully or not.
8.8) In general, which of the following contains the least amount of data?
Ans)byte
We can store only a single character or single number or single symbol in this byte.like ‘a’,7,#
9.9) To use an output file, the program must include fstream
Explanation: If we want to use either an input file or an output file we have to include fstream.h
header file. Like #include
10.10) Which of the following is not true about files?
Ans) istream, ostream, and iostream are derived from ifstream, ofstream, and fstream,
respectively.
11.11) Compare and contrast the mode operators ios::in, ios::app, and ios::out. Provide a C++
code segment that illustrates the use of these mode operators.
Ans)
To open a file we have to use this member function.
As a first argument we have to supply the filename.
As a second argument we can supply the mode of opening the file.this is an optional parameter.
Syntax: open(filename,mode);
ios::in – if we want to read the data from the file we have to use this mode.This is used for input
operations.
Code:
ifstream file;
file.open(\"D:\\\\bank.txt\"); or file.open(\"D:\\\\bank.txt\",ios::in);
here we are trying to read the data from the file named bank.txt which is available in D
drive.Here we didn’t specify the mode here.By default the file will be opened in ios::in mode
ios::out - if we want to write the data from to a file we have to use this mode.This is used for
output operations.
Code:
ofstream myfile;
myfile.open (\"D:\\\\bankbal.txt\"); or myfile.open (\"D:\\\\bankbal.txt\", ios::out);
myfile <<”Hell.
File Handling In C++
The document outlines file handling in C++, including the need for data files, types of files (text and binary), basic file operations for each type, and the components used in C++ for file handling like header files, classes, and functions. It discusses opening, reading, writing, and closing files, as well as file pointers and random vs sequential access.
VIT351 Software Development VI Unit5
COURSE TITLE: SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT VI
COURSE CODE: VIT 351
TOPICS COVERED:
FILES
FILES I/O STREAM
TYPES OF FILES
DRAWBACKS OF TRADITIONAL METHOD OF DATA STORAGE
CONCEPT OF BUFFER
MODES OF FILE OPENING
END OF FILE
PROCESSORS DIRECTIVES
MACROS
TYPES OF MACROS
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN MACROS AND FUNCTIONS
QUIZ SET 5
Basics of file handling
The document discusses file handling in C++. It covers:
1) Using input/output files by opening, reading from, and writing to files. Files are interpreted as sequences of bytes and can be text or binary.
2) General file I/O steps which include declaring a file name variable, associating it with a disk file, opening the file, using it, and closing it.
3) Predefined console streams like cin, cout, cerr, and clog which are used for standard input, output, error output, and buffered error output respectively.
basics of file handling
The document discusses file handling in C++. It covers:
1) Using input/output files by opening, reading from, and writing to files using streams. Streams act as an interface between files and programs.
2) General file I/O steps which include declaring a file name variable, associating it with a disk file, opening the file, using it, and closing it.
3) Predefined console streams like cin, cout, cerr, and clog which are opened automatically and connected to the keyboard, display, and error output respectively.
File Handling
The document discusses file handling in C programming. It explains that file handling allows programs to store and retrieve data from files for later use, as opposed to just displaying output temporarily. It covers opening, reading from, writing to, and closing files using functions like fopen(), fprintf(), fscanf(), and fclose(). It also differentiates between text files with .txt extensions and binary files for storing different data types permanently in a file.
File Handling
The document discusses file handling in C programming. It explains that file handling allows programs to store and retrieve data from files for later use, as opposed to just displaying output temporarily. It covers opening, reading from, writing to, and closing files using functions like fopen(), fprintf(), fscanf(), and fclose(). It also differentiates between text files with .txt extensions and binary files for storing different data types permanently in a file.
Cs1123 10 file operations
This document discusses file operations in C++. It defines what a file is and describes basic file operations like opening, writing, reading, and closing files. It explains how to set up a C++ program for file input/output by including the fstream header. Different stream objects like ifstream, ofstream, and fstream are used to represent input/output from files. The document also covers opening files, checking for open errors, writing and reading data from files using insertion and extraction operators, formatting file output, detecting the end of a file, and using getline() and put() functions for character I/O.
Data file handling
The document provides an overview of file handling in C++. It discusses key concepts such as streams, file types (text and binary), opening and closing files, file modes, input/output operations, and file pointers. Functions for reading and writing to text files include put(), get(), and getline(). Binary files use write() and read() functions. File pointers can be manipulated using seekg(), seekp(), tellg(), and tellp() to move through files.
Files in c++ ppt
This document summarizes key concepts about file input/output in C++. It discusses what files are, how they are named and opened, and the process of reading from and writing to files. Specific functions and operators covered include open(), close(), << to write data, and >> to read data. It also discusses checking for open errors, formatting output, and detecting the end of a file. Program examples demonstrate how to open, read from, write to, and close files using C++.
File Management and manipulation in C++ Programming
The document discusses file handling in C++. It covers the basics of file management including the different types of files, file streams, and the file manipulation process. The key steps in the file manipulation process are: 1) declaring a file stream object; 2) opening a file using the file stream object; 3) checking if the file opened successfully; and 4) performing read and write operations on the file. The document provides examples of writing to and reading from files in C++.
Introduction To Programming with Python-5
Slides for Lecture 5 of the course: Introduction to Programming with Python offered at ICCBS.
It covers the following topics:
1.)Python Modules
2.)File I/O
3.)Exceptions & Error Handling
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Unit v
The document discusses exception handling in C++. It defines exceptions as unexpected conditions that can cause program failures. Exception handling involves detecting errors, throwing exceptions to signal errors, and catching exceptions to handle them. The key components of exception handling are try, throw, and catch blocks. The document also covers uncaught exceptions, predefined exception types, and exception handling in constructors and destructors.
Unit iii
Function pointers allow C++ programs to select and call functions dynamically at runtime. A function pointer is declared as a datatype followed by an asterisk and the function name, and functions can be passed as arguments to other functions. Pointers can also refer to objects and arrays of objects, and can point to base or derived class objects.
Unit ii
The document discusses various concepts related to C++ classes including:
1. Structure definitions, accessing structure members using dot operator and pointers. Class definitions include data members and member functions.
2. Class objects are created using the class name followed by the object name. Class members are accessed using dot operator. Member functions can be defined inside or outside the class.
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Unit 1
The document discusses object oriented programming concepts. It describes key object oriented programming concepts like encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and message passing. It also discusses benefits of object oriented programming like modularity, reusability and extensibility. Some disadvantages discussed are compiler overhead, runtime overhead and need for reorientation of developers to object oriented thinking. The document also covers C++ programming concepts like data types, control flow, functions, arrays, strings, pointers and storage classes.
Unit vos - File systems
The document discusses several topics related to operating system I/O subsystems:
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This document discusses file systems and their interfaces. It covers key concepts like files, directories, file attributes and operations. It describes sequential and direct access methods for reading and writing files. It also discusses directory structures from single-level to two-level and the operations performed on directories like searching, creating, deleting and renaming files. The implementation of file systems involves allocation methods, free space management and recovery techniques for ensuring efficiency, performance and reliability.
Unit iios process scheduling and synchronization
The document discusses process scheduling and synchronization in operating systems. It covers CPU scheduling algorithms like first-come first-served, shortest job first, priority scheduling, and round robin. It also discusses concepts like critical section problem, synchronization methods using semaphores and monitors, and solutions to deadlocks. Process synchronization ensures that processes access shared resources in a mutually exclusive way.
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This document discusses different memory management techniques used in operating systems including swapping, contiguous allocation, and dynamic storage allocation. Contiguous allocation can be done using a single or multiple partitions. Dynamic storage allocation uses a first-fit, best-fit, or worst-fit algorithm to allocate memory from holes of available space to requesting processes. Fragmentation, including external and internal fragmentation, is also discussed. Memory management aims to efficiently allocate memory resources to processes while executing programs in memory and tracking the status of allocated and free memory locations.
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### Advantages of TDM
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Unit iv
- 2. Hierarchy of Console stream classes
- 3. Unformatted I/O Operations put() and get() Functions Void get(char &); Int get(void); Both the functions can fetch a white space character including blank space, tab and newline. Example
- 4. getline() and write() functions. Line oriented functions. Example1 Example2
- 5. Formatted Console I/O Operations ios class functions and flags
- 11. Manipulators
- 19. 19 What is a File? A file is a collection on information, usually stored on a computer’s disk. Information can be saved to files and then later reused. Using a file in a program is a simple three-step process The file must be opened. If the file does not yet exits, opening it means creating it. Information is then saved to the file, read from the file, or both. When the program is finished using the file, the file must be closed.
- 20. Files
- 22. Opening files with constructors
- 23. Opening and Closing files explicitly
- 24. 24 Testing for File Open Errors dataFile.open(“cust.dat”); if (!dataFile) { cout << “Error opening file.n”; } Alternative method: dataFile.open(“cust.dat”); if (dataFile.fail()) { cout << “Error opening file.n”; } Example
- 25. 25 Detecting the End of a File The eof() member function reports when the end of a file has been encountered. if (inFile.eof()) inFile.close(); Example
- 26. 26 File Modes File Mode Flag Meaning ios::app Append mode. If the file already exists, its contents are preserved and all output is written to the end of the file. By default, this flag causes the file to be created if it does not exist. ios::ate If the file already exists, the program goes directly to the end of it. Output may be written anywhere in the file. ios::binary Binary mode. When a file is opened in binary mode, information is written to or read from it in pure binary format. (The default mode is text.) ios::in Input mode. Information will be read from the file. If the file does not exist, it will not be created and the open function will fail.
- 27. 27 File Mode Flag Meaning ios::nocreate If the file does not already exist, this flag will cause the open function to fail. (The file will not be created.) ios::noreplace If the file already exists, this flag will cause the open function to fail. (The existing file will not be opened.) ios::out Output mode. Information will be written to the file. By default, the file’s contents will be deleted if it already exists. ios::trunc If the file already exists, its contents will be deleted (truncated). This is the default mode used by ios::out.
- 28. File append Demo file
- 29. File pointers
- 30. Functions to manipulate file pointers.
- 31. Example File
- 35. Error handling during file manipulation.