The document is a multiple choice test about World War II. It contains questions about the origins of WWII, key events and battles of the war, America's involvement in the war such as economic policies and the home front, and important leaders. The test covers topics such as the Treaty of Versailles, Hitler's invasion of Poland, the Lend-Lease Act, the bombing of Pearl Harbor, key Allied conferences, the Manhattan Project and the atomic bombs, and more.

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Unit 7 Test: World War II
Ms. Hemmings
U.S. History REGULAR Version Hitler
U.S. 4.6: Origins of World War II Multiple Choice
1. Prior to U.S. entry into World War II, Congress passed the Cash and Carry Act of 1939 and the
Lend-Lease Act of 1941. These foreign policy actions showed that the United States:
a. Was slowly becoming drawn into the war in Europe
b. Was slowly becoming increasingly more isolated
c. Was giving equal support to both the Allied and the Axis powers
d. Was attempting to contain the spread of communism
2. Which nation signed a Non-Aggression Pact with Germany, leading to the invasion of Poland?
a. Italy
b. Great Britain
c. Soviet Union
d. Japan
3. Why did the Japanese attack the United States’ naval base at Pearl Harbor?
a. The United States had conquered German territory.
b. The United States had a trade embargo against Japan.
c. The United States had conquered Japanese territory.
d. The United States had declared war against Japan.
4. How did President Roosevelt’s “Four Freedoms” speech help to convince Americans that the
United States needed to prepare for World War II?
a. He showed how American freedoms have very little to do with the rest of the world.
b. He showed how American freedoms are linked to the freedoms of other people.
c. He asserted that the best and only way to protect freedoms is through military action.
d. He clarified why the United States intended to declare war on Japan and Germany.
5. Each of the following were leaders of totalitarian governments EXCEPT:
a. Winston Churchill of Great Britain
b. Hideki Tojo of Japan
c. Benito Mussolini of Italy
d. Joseph Stalin of the Soviet Union
“In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential
human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression- everywhere in the world. The second is
freedom of every person to worship God in his own way- everywhere in the world. The third is freedom from
want…everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear…everywhere in the world.”
- Franklin D. Roosevelt, State of the Union Address, January 6th
, 1941

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6. In 1935, Congress passed the first of the Neutrality Acts of the 1930s. Four years later, which of
the following caused President Franklin D. Roosevelt to ask Congress to amend those acts?
a. He wanted to try to help Germany by staying out of the war.
b. He received some unexpected pleas for help from Europe.
c. He was trying to trade the growing surplus of war materials.
d. He wanted to fight against Germany without entering the war.
7. Which of the following BEST EXPLAINS how the provisions of the Treaty of Versailles
contributed to the outbreak of World War II?
a. The payment of war reparations benefitted the German economy and lessened Nazi influence.
b. The collective security established by the League of Nations did not apply to Germany.
c. The restriction of the size of the German army led Germany to focus on militarization.
d. The payment of war reparations hurt Germany’s economy and led to the rise of the Nazis.
8. Winston Churchill STRONGLY DISAPPROVED of the Munich Agreement (at the Munich
Conference), believing it represented a failure of foreign policy. This was mainly because he:
a. Saw that economic alliances between the Germans and British had not been honored.
b. Believed there were other ways of compromising with Hitler on the issue of Czechoslovakia.
c. Understood the aim of Hitler’s plan to use Czechoslovakia as an avenue to world domination.
d. Was not invited to participate in the conference that determined Czechoslovakia’s fate.
9. Which of the following BEST EXPLAINS the immediate effect of the Lend-Lease program?
a. The U.S. provided aid to Britain and the Soviet Union
b. The Soviet Union began forming the Warsaw Pact
c. Japan declared war against the United States
d. The United States became more isolationist
10. Which nations became known as the Axis Powers after they signed a mutual defense treaty?
a. Germany, Japan, and France
b. Germany, Japan, and the Soviet Union
c. Germany, Italy, and the U.S.
d. Germany, Japan, and Italy
• Created a League of Nations to promote collective security
• Established a demilitarized zone near the Rhine River
• Required payment of war reparations by Germany to the Allies
• Restricted the size of Germany’s military forces
• Transferred territory from Germany to other nations
• Affirmed all nations’ right to self-determination
Provisions of the Treaty of Versailles, signed June 28th
, 1919

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11. According to the passage above, the “Munich mistake” mentioned by Speaker A is a reference
to the policy of:
a. Collective security
b. Appeasement
c. Interdependence
d. Isolationism
U.S. 4.7: Americans at War Multiple Choice
12. Each of the following are POSITIVE ways that deficit spending HELPED the U.S. EXCEPT:
a. It brought prosperity to American workers.
b. It pulled the U.S. out of the Great Depression.
c. It increased the national debt to nearly $260 million.
d. It helped field a well-equipped army and navy.
13. What was the PRIMARY purpose of the Office of War Mobilization?
a. To create advertisements and posters that would stir patriotic feelings
b. To increase support for the war and commitment to an Allied victory
c. To establish price controls and ration essential consumer goods
d. To centralize agencies and resources dealing with war production
14. During World War II, the poster on the right was used mainly to:
a. Promote equal civil rights for women
b. Gain financial support for the war effort
c. Protect the civil liberties of Americans
d. Bring about an end to the Great Depression
15. Each of the following are examples of patriotic activities that U.S.
citizens were encouraged to do during World War II EXCEPT:
a. Purchasing war bonds
b. Recycling old materials
c. Participating in car-sharing clubs
d. Observing meatless days
16. Why the U.S. was able to emerge from the Great Depression during World War II?
a. It produced more consumer goods
b. It began producing goods for the Allies
c. It began exploring for natural resources
d. It began printing more money
17. Which of the following government agencies handled the rationing of consumer goods?
a. The War Production Board
b. The Office of Price Administration
c. The Office of War Mobilization
d. The Office of War Information
Speaker A: “We must take action even if we are not sure it will work. To do nothing to stop them would be a
repeat of the Munich mistake.”
Speaker B: “We must recognize the increasing interdependence of nations and join the United Nations.”
Speaker C: “Stopping the spread of communism can and must take several forms. We must be willing to do
whatever is necessary.”
Speaker D: “Involvement in European affairs would be a mistake. We should not jeopardize our peace and
prosperity over issues that Europe’s ambitions and rivalries control.”

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18. Which of the following BEST EXPLAINS the message of
the cartoon on the right?
a. It encourages Americans to conserve natural resources.
b. It encourages Americans to buy American made cars.
c. It discourages Americans from spending money.
d. It encourages Americans to participate in isolationism.
19. Which of the following government agencies would have been given the task of increasing
public support for the war effort?
a. The Office of War Mobilization
b. The Office of War Information
c. The Office of Price Administration
d. The War Production Board
U.S. 4.8: Social Impact and Role of Minorities Multiple Choice
20. Which of the following was an effect of the accomplishments of the Tuskegee Airmen during
World War II?
a. They set the precedent for African American commanding officers.
b. The president appointed an African American secretary of defense.
c. The use of racial segregation ended as soon as the war ended.
d. There was greater momentum for full integration into the military.
21. What does this poster show about the social changes that were taking
place in the country during World War II?
a. Women were encouraged to take active combat roles in the military.
b. Women could not fulfill the duties of men who were serving in war.
c. Women took over industrial jobs that men were not available to fill.
d. Women had to band together as a group to achieve the right to vote.
22. How did President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s Executive Order 9066 impact the U.S. home front?
a. It ended African-American segregation in schools.
b. It resulted in the removal of African American soldiers.
c. It resulted in the internment of Japanese Americans.
“I hereby authorize and direct the Secretary of War…whenever he or any designated Commander deems
such action necessary or desirable, to prescribe military areas…from which any or all persons may be
excluded, and with respect to which, the right of any person to enter, remain in, or leave shall be subject to
whatever restrictions the Secretary of War or the appropriate Military Commander may impose…”
- Franklin D. Roosevelt, Executive Order 9066

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d. It forced most able-bodied men to leave their jobs.
23. During World War II, women and minorities made economic gains MOSTLY because:
a. They received sympathy and charity due to their involvement in the war.
b. New civil rights legislation forced businesses to change their hiring practices.
c. Labor unions successfully demanded equal opportunities for these groups.
d. A shortage of traditional labor created new opportunities in the workplace.
24. The excerpt on the right is from a 1942 article in the Pittsburgh
Courier, a newspaper founded by African Americans. Based on
this, which of the following was MOST LIKELY a priority
of the Double V Campaign?
a. Ending military segregation and Jim Crow Laws
b. Continuing segregation and limited civil rights
c. Removing African Americans from military service
d. Recruiting African Americans as reporters and editors
25. What was the PRIMARY DUTY of the Navajo Code Talkers during World War II?
a. Serving as spies for the Japanese government
b. Interpreting confiscated Japanese battle plans
c. Transmitting secret messages to U.S. forces
d. Translating confidential Japanese communications
26. Compare the trial of Sacco and Vanzetti (1920s) and the internment of Japanese Americans
during World War II. Which of the following BEST EXPLAINS how the two cases are similar?
a. The ideals of a constitutional democracy are ALWAYS upheld.
b. Nativism and racism sometimes override the ideals of democracy.
c. The Bill of Rights is not intended to apply to naturalized citizens.
d. The U.S. works to ensure that the rights of all people are upheld.
27. Which of the following BEST EXPLAINS the origins of the Zoot Suit Riots?
a. Tensions between Mexican American youths and white soldiers erupted into violence.
b. Hispanic men could not join the U.S. military and protested by wearing zoot suits.
c. African Americans objected to the popularity of zoot suits among Mexican Americans.
d. Tensions between African Americans and Mexican Americans erupted into violence.
28. The rulings of the Supreme Court in Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857), Plessy v. Ferguson (1896),
and Korematsu v. United States (1944) all demonstrate that the Supreme Court has:
a. Sometimes failed to protect the rights of minorities.
b. Continued to extend voting rights to minorities.
c. Always protected the rights of minorities.
d. Imposed restrictions on freedom of speech during wars.

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U.S. 4.9: Major Events of World War II Multiple Choice
29. Which of the following led Great Britain and France to declare war on Germany?
a. The Italians had invaded Ethiopia.
b. The Japanese had attacked Pearl Harbor.
c. The Italians had declared war on France.
d. The Germans had invaded Poland.
30. During the Battle of Britain, which technology helped the English defeat the German military?
a. Missiles
b. Radar
c. Sonar
d. Tanks
31. The Potsdam Declaration, given at the Potsdam Conference, stated that:
a. The Allies agreed to hold a war crimes trial during the last years of the war.
b. Germany was to give their unconditional surrender or face destruction.
c. Japan was to give their unconditional surrender or face destruction.
d. Germany was to be disarmed and divided into three parts after the war.
32. In comparison to the earlier conferences at Casablanca and Tehran, the meetings at Yalta and
Potsdam were focused on:
a. Technology
b. Military strategy
c. Postwar issues
d. The atomic bomb
33. In which battle did Hitler launch the greatest air assault the world had ever seen?
a. Battle of Dunkirk
b. Battle of Normandy
c. Battle of Iwo Jima
d. Battle of Britain
34. The Battle of the Bulge was the largest battle fought in Western Europe during World War II.
Why was this battle significant?
a. It was the first battle of World War II, when the Germans invaded the country of Poland.
b. It was Germany’s last major offensive of the war and ended with Germany’s retreat.
c. It was the point when Germany had to give up on the invasion of the Soviet Union.
d. It was the battle that convinced President Roosevelt that he needed to use the atomic bomb.
35. Which battle in the Pacific Theater was one of the bloodiest battles of the war?
a. Battle of Iwo Jima
b. Battle of Midway
c. Battle of Okinawa
d. Battle of the Bulge
36. At which war conference did Churchill, Roosevelt, and Stalin decide to open a second battle
front in Europe?
a. Tehran
b. Potsdam
c. Casablanca
d. Yalta

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37. Which of the following BEST EXPLAINS the significance of the Battle of Midway?
a. The Japanese victory prevented the U.S. from attacking the Japanese mainland.
b. The heavy losses suffered by both sides prolonged the war in the Pacific Theater.
c. The U.S. victory made it easier for the navy to advance across the Pacific Ocean.
d. The battle distracted the Japanese and allowed the U.S. to invade the Philippines.
38. At which war conference did Allied leaders decide plans for post-war Europe, begin the
formation of the United Nations, and agreed to hold war crimes trials after the war?
a. Casablanca
b. Potsdam
c. Tehran
d. Yalta
39. The quotations above reflect conflicting ideas about whether the U.S. should have used the
atomic bomb on Japan. In his quotation, Secretary Stimson defends his position by discussing:
a. The possible financial costs of paying soldiers to fight.
b. The financial costs of developing an atomic bomb.
c. The possible cost of American lives in an invasion of Japan.
d. Moral concerns about the effects of an atomic attack.
40. The MAIN significance of the Nuremburg Trials was:
a. It showed that individuals are responsible for their own actions.
b. It established that all concentration camps are against the law.
c. It decided that Germany would be divided into four separate parts.
d. It decided that the Nazi leaders were not responsible for their actions.
41. The purpose of the Manhattan Project was to:
a. Decide where to drop the atomic bomb.
b. Build the atomic bomb.
c. Plan strategies to fight Japan.
d. Decide whether or not to drop the
atomic bomb.
“In the light of the alternatives, which on a fair estimate, were open to us, I believe that no man, in our
position and subject to our responsibilities, holding in his hands a weapon of such possibilities for
accomplishing this purpose and saving those lives, could have failed to use it and afterwards looked his
countrymen in the face.” - Harry L. Stimson, Secretary of War
“I was against it on two counts. First, the Japanese were ready to surrender, and it wasn't necessary to hit
them with that awful thing. Second, I hated to see our country be the first to use such a weapon.”
- General Dwight D. Eisenhower, Supreme Allied Commander

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42. Which of the following BEST COMPLETES the timeline above?
a. Allied invasion on D-Day
b. The Battle of the Bulge
c. The Battle of Midway
d. V-J Day (Victory in Japan)
U.S. 4.10: Military Leaders of World War II Multiple Choice
43. What was President Truman’s PRIMARY reason for deciding to use the atomic bomb on Japan?
a. He wanted to show Hitler and the Nazis what would happen to them if they did not surrender.
b. He wanted to punish the Japanese people and their leaders for their actions.
c. He hoped to save the lives of U.S. troops that would have died in an invasion of Japan.
d. He hoped to establish the U.S. as the sole world power after the war ended.
44. Each of the following war leaders were members of the Big Three EXCEPT:
a. Franklin D. Roosevelt
b. Winston Churchill
c. Joseph Stalin
d. Dwight D. Eisenhower
45. Which of the following was the Supreme Allied Commander and General in the U.S. Army?
a. Douglas MacArthur
b. Dwight D. Eisenhower
c. Harry S. Truman
d. George S. Patton
46. The United Nations statement of principles was based on the belief that:
a. A strong military alliance was needed to prevent the emergence of fascist dictators.
b. Germany must be punished for its actions by being forced to pay war reparations.
c. The development of nuclear weapons needed to be closely monitored after the war.
d. An international peacekeeping organization could settle disputes without war.
47. Which of the following people oversaw the occupation of Japan from 1945 to 1951?
a. George S. Patton
b. Chester Nimitz
c. Dwight D. Eisenhower
d. Douglas MacArthur
Germany attacks
Poland;
World War II begins
September 1st
, 1939
Japanese attack
Pearl Harbor; U.S.
enters World War II
December 7th
, 1941
?
June 6th
, 1944
Germany surrenders;
V-E Day (Victory in
Europe Day)
May 8th
, 1945

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48. What was the PRIMARY reason that the United States and the Soviet Union emerged as the two
global superpowers following World War II?
a. The United States and the Soviet Union reaped the greatest benefits from the Marshall Plan.
b. The other nations of great power were severely weakened throughout the course of the war.
c. The Yalta Conference designated them the leaders of the communist and free market spheres.
d. The failure of the League of Nations forced the U.S. and Soviet Union to be superpowers.
49. What was one political impact of the development of the atomic bomb?
a. The U.S. and the Soviet Union engaged in a long-term standoff known as the Cold War.
b. China underwent a communist revolution and sided with the Soviets against the United States.
c. The United States and Germany became engaged in a nuclear arms race until the late 1990s.
d. U.S. military superiority led some communist nations to side with the U.S. against the Soviets.
50. Following World War II, the Soviet Union extended its
influence over the countries of Eastern Europe, as seen in
the map above. Which of the following BEST EXPLAINS
why the Soviets did this?
a. They were attempting to build their own version
of the atomic bomb.
b. They were attempting to protect themselves from an
American invasion.
c. They were attempting to protect themselves from
another German invasion.
d. They were trying to control the most productive
European farmland.

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Constructed Response (All Classes)
Advanced: At least 2 paragraphs, at least 7 sentences each
Mastery: At least 3 paragraphs, at least 7 sentences each
ADVANCED LEVEL IS THE MINUMUM FOR YOU TO GET A PASSING GRADE.
YOU WILL AUTOMATICALLY RECEIVE AN “F”
FOR YOUR ESSAY IF YOU DO NOT WRITE AT LEAST 2
PARAGRAPHS, AT LEAST 7 SENTENCES EACH.
U.S. 4.7: Explain how propaganda was used during World War II. You must provide
at least 3 examples and explain what they were used for. (The better your
examples, the better your grade will be for this essay.)