This document provides an overview of immigration and urbanization in the United States. It discusses the major waves of European immigration from the 19th century through the early 20th century, as well as immigration from China, Japan, Mexico, and the Caribbean. The document also examines the nativist sentiment against immigrants, the process of entering and settling in America, and the impact of immigration on industry and public education.

1. Unit 6- Immigration and Urbanization

2. YES/NO Questions
 1. Immigration is a major problem in the U.S.
 2. The U.S. government should ban people from
certain countries and/or religions because of terrorism
 3. You should have to be able to speak English to
emigrate to the US
 4. The U.S. should build a wall on its southern border
with Mexico
 5. All immigrants who have come to the U.S. illegally
should be sent back to the country where they came
from
 6. The United States is populated enough and should
stop all immigration

3.  I. Immigration
 A. Immigrant- Person who enters a foreign
country after leaving their homeland
 - Most came to US for a chance at a better life
(“Land of Opportunity”)
 - More have come to US than any other
country in the world
 - Most knew the keys to success were
determination and hard work

4.  B. Alien- Immigrant who has not yet become a
citizen
 C. Naturalization- Process by which an alien
becomes a citizen

5. II. European Immigrants
 A. Pre 1890- Early
Immigration
 Northern and Western
Europe
 B. 1870-1930- trend changed
to Eastern and Southern
Europe
 Steady source of cheap
labor
 Most settled in port of
entry

6.  C. The potato famine caused thousands of Irish
to move to U.S. between 1845 and 1847.
 D. Irish and Germans that immigrated to the U.S.
prior to 1885 are known as Old Immigration

7. III. Chinese Immigrants
 Most came to US to
work on the
railroads, also the
Gold Rush
 Chinese Exclusion
Act- banned
Chinese immigrants
in 1882

8.  IV. Japanese Immigration
 A. Began moving to Hawaii to work as planters,
then many moved to West Coast (higher wages)
 B. Gentlemen’s Agreement- US would end
Japanese segregation; in exchange Japan would
limit the amount of unskilled workers emigrating
to the U.S.

9.  V. Mexico and the West Indies
 A. Caribbean immigration (Jamaica, Cuba,
Puerto Rico) came because of a lack of jobs
 B. Mexicans came to find work and flee political
turmoil

10.  VI. Melting Pot- a mixture of different cultures
and races, who blend together into one common
“American” culture, by abandoning their native
culture and customs
 Many historians now see America as a “Salad
Bowl”

11.  VII. Nativism- favoritism toward native-born
Americans; believed certain ethnic groups were
superior to others
 Nativists saw immigrants taking jobs, living
together, keeping wages down, and not
assimilating

12.  VIII. Journey to America
 Immigration centers to “process” immigrants
(vet)
 A. Ellis Island- NYC harbor, where European
immigrants went
 Denied entrance if you had a contagious
disease
 Had to pass a literacy test by 1917

13.  B. Angel Island- San Francisco Bay, Asian
immigrants from across pacific Ocean
 Could be detained for months

14.  IX. Immigrants in America
 A. Helped build US canals and railroads
 B. Worked in mills, mines, and factories

15.  X. Immigrants and Public Education
 Many viewed education as:
 1. An aid to assimilation
 2. A path to advancement
 3. As a threat to their cultural heritage

16.  1. What do you see?
 2. What do you think
this cartoon is about?
 3. What do you think the
cartoonist is trying to
say?