The document discusses the mass immigration to U.S. cities in the late 19th century following the Civil War. Millions of European and Asian immigrants arrived seeking opportunity but faced challenges assimilating. They lived in overcrowded tenement neighborhoods and faced discrimination, while their cheap labor fueled industrialization and urbanization. Political machines exploited new immigrants by providing services in exchange for votes.

1. Do you think immigrants should assimilate to American culture when they arrive in the U.S.? Why or why not? What will we learn today? 11.2 Rise in industrialization, rural-to-urban migration, and massive immigration. 11.2.3 The Rise of the Americanization movement.

5. In the 30 years following the Civil War, city populations tripled due to immigrants entering the US and fa r mers leaving their farms and moving to cities. As city population increased and skyscrapers appeared, many problems became evident from overcrowding such as cramped living spaces, crime , and diseases . ✓

30. Park Row Building, New York, 1899 Architect: R.H. Robertson 391' high

31. Madison Square Architects McKim, Mead and White Tower 304' high Garden New York, 1889-1890

32. New York World Building, 1890 Architect: George B. Post 309' high

33. St. Patrick ’ s Cathedral, New York City Tower completed in 1888 330' high 5th Ave. near St. Patrick's 1858-1879

34. Currier & Ives Print of the Proposed Brooklyn Bridge (1877) The Brooklyn Bridge in 1890 (built in 1883)

35. Fifth Avenue in New York City on Easter Sunday in 1900

42. Diagram of a dumbbell tenement, c. 1879 Illegal by 1901