Unit 2

Network Infrastructure
for E-Commerce
UNIT-II
1/9/2017 ABHISHEK SRIVASTAVA(CSE)JIT

• Electronic commerce is an emerging concept that describes the process of
buying and selling or exchanging of products, services and information
via, Tele- communication and computer networks including the internet.
• Electronic commerce needs a network infrastructure to transport the
content- data, audio, visual, text, animation and so on. This network
infrastructure is provided by what is known as the I-way or information
super highway.
ELECTRONIC COMMERCE

COURSE OUTLINE
• Introduction to information superhighway,
• Components of the I-way,
• Internet as network infrastructure, TCP/IP Protocol suite,
Intranet, Extranet etc
• Software agents (static and dynamic),
• Broadband technologies (xDSL, Wi-Fi, WAN).

INTRODUCTION TO I-WAY
• The I-way has emerged as the basic network infrastructure for all types of E-
commerce activities due to its capability to provide integrated voice ,data and
video services . I-way has changed the way business advertises, market or sell
their products and services. This paper highlights the network infrastructure
in E-Commerce.
• A physical network, an infrastructure of modern high-speed links links
everyone at home or office to everything else in practicality it is identical to
internet provided -connections are broadband -they are continuously running
as internet develops into I-way, changes will take place in infrastructure not in
internet

INTERNET AND INTRANET BASED E-
COMMERCE- ISSUES,
Internet
• This is the world-wide network of computers accessible to anyone who
knows their Internet Protocol (IP) address - the IP address is a unique set of
numbers (such as 209.33.27.100) that defines the computer's location.
Intranet
• This is a network that is not available to the world outside of the Intranet. If
the Intranet network is connected to the Internet, the Intranet will reside
behind a firewall and, if it allows access from the Internet, will be an
Extranet. The firewall helps to control access between the Intranet and
Internet to permit access to the Intranet only to people who are members of
the same company or organization.

EXTRANET
• An Extranet is actually an Intranet that is partially accessible to authorized
outsiders. The actual server (the computer that serves up the web pages)
will reside behind a firewall. The firewall helps to control access between
the Intranet and Internet permitting access to the Intranet only to people
who are suitably authorized.
EXTRANET:
• An extranet is a private network that uses Internet protocols and the public
telecommunication system to securely share part of a business's information
or operations with suppliers, vendors, partners, customers, or other
businesses.
• An extranet can be viewed as part of a company's Intranet that is extended
to users outside the company.
• The same benefits that Web technologies have brought to corporate
Intranets are now starting to accelerate business between businesses.

• Extranets can be used to exchange large volumes of data, share product
catalogues, share news with trading partners, collaborate with other
companies on joint development efforts, jointly develop and share training
programs with other companies, provide or access applications between
companies, and much more.
• It may sound like a technology for geeks only. But many people use
extranets every day without realizing it--to track packaged goods, order
products from their suppliers or access customer assistance from other
companies.
• An extranet is a mechanism based on Internet and Web technology for
communicating both privately and selectively with your customers and
business partners.
Contd…

USES OF EXTRANET:
• When done correctly, extranets provide a safe way to allow transactional
business-to-business activities and can save your company some serious
time and money.
• The automotive industry uses extranets to cut down on its redundant
ordering processes and keep suppliers up to date on parts and design
changes, allowing quicker response times to suppliers' problems and
questions.
• Suppliers can receive proposals, submit bids, provide documents, even
collect payments through an extranet site.
• An extranet has restricted (password-protected) access, so it may be
connected directly to each party's internal systems.

DISADVANTAGES:
• The benefits of extranets, such as reduced time to market and cost of doing
business, and faster access to partner information, may be outweighed by the
costs-security, Web servers and development, legacy systems integration,
ongoing support and maintenance.
• Extranets require a large amount of IS time and energy, much more than what
it takes to get an intranet or Web site up and running, which may place it at
the bottom of the IS group's to-do list.
CONCLUSION:
• A mix of each is most likely, Connect to partners, suppliers, customers in the
best way that supports your specific business model. "extranet" is helpful
conversationally when considering giving external parties access to enterprise
systems. The term should engender a deeper level of consideration and
concern regarding maintaining security and managing external relationships.

E-COMMERCE, PROBLEMS AND
PROSPECT
• Large resource requirement.
• Alliance between communication, entertainment, and information sectors.
• Alliance to reduce risks, spread costs and acquire costly expertise in
different area instantly.

COMPONENTS OF I-WAY
• NETWORK ACCESS EQUIPMENT
• hardware and software vendors: who provide
• set-top boxes
• computers
• switches, hubs, routers
• software platforms such as browser operating systems

COMPONENTS OF I-WAY
LOCAL ON-RAMPS
• wiring linking homes with backbone
• requirement of huge investment
• also known as “last mile”
• divided into four categories:
• telecom based infrastructure
• cable tv-based infrastructure
• wireless infrastructure
• commercial online infrastructure

MOBILE COMMERCE - INTRODUCTION
• Mobile commerce (also known as mobile ecommerce, m-commerce and
other variations) consists of two primary components. The first is the ability
to use a wireless phone or other mobile device to conduct financial
transactions and exchange payments over the Internet.
• The second is the ability to deliver information that can facilitate a
transaction -- from making it easy for your business to be "found" via a
mobile Web browser to creating mobile marketing campaigns such as text
promotions and loyalty programs.

WHAT ARE THE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
MOBILE COMMERCE?
The advantage of m-commerce is:
• 1- Providing wider reach.
• 2- Reducing transaction cost
• 3- Streamline business processes.
• 4- Competitive pricing.
• 5- Reducing time to order.
The disadvantages of m-commerce
• 1- Small screens of most devices still limit types of file and data transfer (i.e. streaming videos,
etc.)
• 2- Standards guiding applications and technology development and connection(s)
• 3- WAP and SMS limited to small number of characters and text.

• 4- Use of graphics limited
• 5- Less functionality for mobile Internet over mobile phones and existing generation of
handhelds than for mobile computers (laptops and next generation handhelds)
• 6- User interface is often difficult to learn how to use
• 7- Limited bandwidth
• 8- Limited roll out of higher bandwidth mobile networks and devices (i.e. 3g networks
and wireless broadband networks are predominantly located in cities)
• 9- Cost of establishing mobile and wireless broadband infrastructure
• 10- Technology constraints of mobile devices (memory, processing power, display
capabilities, input methods)
• 11- Security of data moved across some mobile and wireless networks
• 12- Businesses investment in hardware and infrastructure is seen as riskier as rapid
evolution of mobile and wireless technologies continues.
Contd…

WORLD WIDE WEB
• Motivation: Developing a global distributed hypermedia system.
• Started 1989 by a research paper issued by Tim Berners-Lee who worked at
the CERN.
• 1993: First usable browser (MOSAIC) issued.
• 1994: Foundation of World Wide Web Consortium (W3C).– W3C then
started developing HTML, HTTP and Style Sheets.

HUBS AND SWITCHES
Switch is a device in networks that filters and forwards packets between Local Area Network (LAN)
segments. Switches operate at the data link layer and sometimes that network layer of the Open system
Interconnection (OSI) reference model and therefore support any packet protocol. LANs that use switches to
join segments are called switched LANs or in the case of Ethernet networks , switched Ethernet LANs. A special
type of network device called the hub can be found in many small business networks. In computer networking,
hub is a small, simple, inexpensive device that joins multiple computers together.
3. GATEWAYS
A node in a network that serves as an entrance to another net Web pages. In homes, the gateway is the ISP
that connects the user and fire wall. The gateway is also associated with both a router which use headers and
forwarding tables to determine where packets are sent and a switch which provides the actual path for the packet
in an out of the gateway. Gateways are also called as protocol converters and can operate at any layer. The job
of gateway is any more complex than that of a router or switch.

1/9/2017
MOBILE DEVICES…..
• Introduction
• The History of Mobile Devices
• Types of Mobile Devices
• Types of Mobile Operating Systems
• The Future of Mobile Devices
ABHISHEK SRIVASTAVA(CSE)JIT

1/9/2017
INTRODUCTION
Mobile Device?
• A pocket-sized computing device, typically having a display screen
with touch input or a miniature keyboard.

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HISTORY
• It can be said that the mobile devices was born at the same time the radio
communication had been invented.
• The development of mobile devices starts from the 1920's, there are five
stages.

1/9/2017
STAGE ONE
• 1920's-1940's
• Based on several wave bands of shortwave, the private mobile communication system
had been invented.
• The Detroit police car radio system is the representative one.
• The frequency of this system is 2MHz at that time. In the 1940's the frequency had been
risen to 30~40MHz.
• It is considered as the beginning of the modern mobile service.

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STAGE TWO
• 1940's-1960's
• The public mobile service came out.
• 1946 According to the plan of Federal Communications
Commission(FCC) the Bell system established the first public car phone
net in St.Louis.
• There was three channles in that time, the mode was simplex.

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STAGE THREE
• 1960's-1970's
• America improved the mobile telephony system(1MTS)
• This period complete :
• automatic channel choose
• automatic dialing to the net

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STAGE FOUR
• 1970's-1980's( the peak time)
• The Bell Labs successfully developed the advanced mobile phone
system(AMPS)
• The cellular network built up, improved the capacity of the system.
• The cellular network becames the utility system, used in the worldwide.

1/9/2017
STAGE FOUR
Achivements in this stage:
 microelectronic technique got a significant development which made the
probability of miniaturization mobile devices be true.
 The new system of mobile communication----cellular network
 provide the technique for the manage and control of the large size net

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STAGE FIVE
• 1980's-
• The Digital Mobile Communication System(DMCS) gets developed
and mature in this period.
• AMPS & TACS stand for the Cellular Networks Ⅰ→analog system

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TYPES OF MOBILE DEVICES
Mobile Computers
• Notebook PC, Mobile PC…
Handheld Game Consoles
Media Recorders
• Digital Camera, Digital Video Camera…

1/9/2017
Contd…
Media Players/Displayers
 E-book Reader…
Communication Devices
 Mobile Phone, Pager…
Personal Navigation Devices

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DIFFERENT SIZES & TYPES OF MOBILE
• Computer size
• Micro computer
• Mobile
• Information appliance
• Calculators

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MICRO COMPUTER
• Personal computer - is any general-purpose computer whose size, capabilities, and
original sales price make it useful for individuals
• Home SFF(net top) - designed to minimize the spatial volume of a desktop computer.
• Portable computer - designed to be moved from one place to another and includes a
display and keyboard.
• Arcade system board - created for the purpose of running video arcade games.
• Video game console - is an interactive entertainment computer or modified computer
system

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MOBILE
• Laptop - is a personal computer designed for mobile use.
• Desktop replacement computer - provides most of the
capabilities of a desktop computer, with a similar level of
performance.
• Subnotebook(net book , smart book) - designed and
marketed with an emphasis on portability.
• Tablet computer - calculator watch, wristop, virtual rentinal
display, head-mounted display.

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INFORMATION APPLIANCE
• PDA (palm size PC, handheld PC, pocket computer) - also known as a palmtop computer.
• Mobile phone (smart phone, feature phone) - A mobile phone (also called mobile, cellular
telephone, or cell phone) is an electronic device used to make mobile telephone calls
across a wide geographic area.
• PMP - A portable media player.
• DAP - A digital audio player.
• E-book reader - designed primarily for the purpose of reading digital books and
periodicals.
• Handheld game console - allowing people to carry them and play them at any time or
place.

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CALCULATORS
• Scientific - designed to calculate problems in science (especially physics),
engineering, and mathematics.
• programmable - calculators capable of being programmed much like a
computer.
• Graphing - capable of plotting graphs, solving simultaneous equations, and
performing numerous other tasks with variables.

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MOBILE OPERATING SYSTEM…..
A mobile operating system, also known as a mobile OS, a mobile platform,
or a handheld operating system, is the operating system that controls a
mobile device or information appliance

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ANDROID ……
25.5% Market Share Sales Q3 2010
Android is an open source, Linux-derived
platform backed by Google along with major
hardware and software developers (such as
Intel, HTC, ARM, Samsung, Motorola and
eBay

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FUTURE
The mobile devices plays an indispensable role in nowaday's life, meanwhile
this field is still rapidly developing. More app is going to be added into.
In 2004 July 16, Japanese telephone company NTT DoCoMo announced the
P605iC phone which carried the FeliCa soft. This phone opened the curtain of
No Cards Generation.

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