Railways Airport Harbour Engineering

1. Unit -I
Railway Planning and Construction

3. 3
History of Indian Railways
• In the year 1832 the first Railway running on steam engine, was
launched in England. Thereafter on 1st of August, 1849 the Great
Indian Peninsular Railways Company was established in India. On
17th of August 1849, a contract was signed between the Great
Indian Peninsular Railways Company and East India Company. As a
result of the contract an experiment was made by laying a railway
track between Bombay and Thane (56 Kms).
•  On 16thApril, 1853, the first train service was started from
Bombay to Thane.
•  On 15thAugust, 1854, the 2nd train service commenced between
Howrah and Hubli.
•  On the 1st July, 1856, the 3rd train service in India and first in
South India commenced between Vyasarpadi and Walajah Road and
on the same day the section between Vyasarpadi and Royapuram by
Madras Railway Company was also opened.

5. 5
Permanent way
• it is defined as rail road‟s on which the train runs or in
a more detailed form, we can define it in the form of
it consists of two parallel rails which are placed at a
specified distance in between them and which are
fastened to the sleepers, which are embedded in a
layer of ballast of specified thickness is spread over
the formation.

6. Component parts of railway track
6

8. • Rails are the Prime Members of the
Permanent way which are laid in two parallel
lines to provide a Continuous level surface for
the Movement of Train.
• In order to withstand high stresses they are
made of high carbon steel
Rails

29. • GAUGE The clear minimum horizontal distance between the inner
(running) faces of the two rails forming a track is known as Gauge.
Indian railway followed this practice.
29

30. Gauge Type Width % Route covered in
India
Gauge Type
Broad gauge 1676 mm 63 Broad gauge
Meter gauge 1000 mm 31 Meter gauge
Narrow gauge 762 mm 6 Narrow gauge
Broad Gauge: -
Suitability: - Broad gauge is suitable under the following Conditions:-
When sufficient funds are available for the railway project.
When the prospects of revenue are very bright.
Meter Gauge: -
Suitability:- Meter Gauge is suitable under the following conditions:-
When the funds available for the railway project are inadequate.
When the prospects of revenue are not very bright.
. Narrow Gauge
Suitability: - Narrow gauge is suitable under the following conditions:-
When the construction of a track with wider gauge is prohibited due to the provision
of sharp curves, steep gradients, narrow bridges and tunnels etc.
When the prospects of revenue are not very bright. This gauge is, therefore, used in
hilly and very thinly populated areas.
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31. CHOICE OF GAUGE
• Cost considerations
• Traffic considerations
• Physical features of the country
• Uniformity of gauge
• Speed
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87. Fish plates
87

96. Fasteners
96

97. Track Stress

98. Coning of Wheels

100. Coning of Wheels

101. Coning of Wheels

102. Coning of Wheels

103. Coning of Wheels

104. Creep

105. creep
• Creep is location specific. We may not found a creep that is the
longitudinal movement of the rails happening along whole of the
length of the railway track. It is mostly being found only at a certain
specific location
• The magnitude of the creep at one point is not necessarily is the
same at the other point.
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5

107. Creep

110. Classification of Wear

111. Classification of Wear

112. Wear on Rails

113. Defects in Rails

115. Route Alignment Survey

116. Route Alignment Survey

117. Route Alignment Survey

118. Route Alignment Survey

119. Factors Controlling Alignment

120. Obligatory Points

121. Conventional and Modern Methods

122. Aerial Photographs

123. Electro magnetic distance measurements

124. Digital Terrain Modelling

125. Soil Suitability Analysis

126. Soil Suitability Analysis

127. Geometric design of a railway track

128. Gradient

129. Gradient

130. Types of Gradient

135. Grade Compensation On Curves

136. Degree of a Curve

138. Degree of a Curve

139. Super elevation on curves

140. Super elevation on curves

141. Super elevation on curves

142. Super elevation on curves

143. Speed

144. Cant Deficiency

145. Limits of Cant Deficiency

146. Widening on Gauges On Curves