This chapter discusses challenges to civil liberties that have occurred throughout American history in the name of national security. It covers civil liberty issues during the Early Republic and Civil War, including the Alien and Sedition Acts and suspension of habeas corpus. It also discusses the Red Scares of the 20th century and the internment of Japanese Americans during World War II. The chapter then examines ongoing debates around balancing civil liberties with government responses to terrorism, including issues like surveillance, profiling, detention policies, extraordinary rendition, and torture.

1. Chapter 4
Civil Liberties and Securing the HomelandCivil Liberties and Securing the Homeland
Martin, Understanding Homeland Security
© 2015 SAGE Publications, Inc.

2. Civil Liberties andCivil Liberties and
Securing theSecuring the
HomelandHomeland
Martin, Understanding Homeland Security
© 2015 SAGE Publications, Inc.

3.  The Early Republic and Civil WarThe Early Republic and Civil War
 Communism and the Red ScaresCommunism and the Red Scares
 Wartime Internment CampsWartime Internment Camps
Martin, Understanding Homeland Security
© 2015 SAGE Publications, Inc.

4.  The Early Republic and Civil WarThe Early Republic and Civil War
 Alien and Sedition ActsAlien and Sedition Acts
 Suspension of the Writ of Habeas CorpusSuspension of the Writ of Habeas Corpus
Martin, Understanding Homeland Security ©
2015 SAGE Publications, Inc.

5.  Communism and the Red ScaresCommunism and the Red Scares
 The Red Scare of 1919The Red Scare of 1919
 The Red Scare of the 1930sThe Red Scare of the 1930s
 The House Un-American Activities CommitteeThe House Un-American Activities Committee
 The Red Scare of the 1950sThe Red Scare of the 1950s
 Senator Joseph McCarthy and McCarthyismSenator Joseph McCarthy and McCarthyism
Martin, Understanding Homeland Security ©
2015 SAGE Publications, Inc.

6.  Wartime Internment CampsWartime Internment Camps
 Reasons for RelocationReasons for Relocation
 The War Relocation AuthorityThe War Relocation Authority
 Concentrating the Population of Asians of JapaneseConcentrating the Population of Asians of Japanese
HeritageHeritage
 The Civil Liberties Act of 1988The Civil Liberties Act of 1988
Martin, Understanding Homeland Security
© 2015 SAGE Publications, Inc.

7.  Practical Considerations: Civil Liberty andPractical Considerations: Civil Liberty and
Government ResponsesGovernment Responses
 Civil Liberty and Countering ExtremismCivil Liberty and Countering Extremism
Through ReformThrough Reform
Martin, Understanding Homeland Security
© 2015 SAGE Publications, Inc.

8.  Practical Considerations: Civil Liberty andPractical Considerations: Civil Liberty and
Government ResponsesGovernment Responses
 Counterterrorist ObjectivesCounterterrorist Objectives
 Balancing Theory and PracticalityBalancing Theory and Practicality
 Electronic Surveillance and Civil LibertyElectronic Surveillance and Civil Liberty
 Data Mining by the NSAData Mining by the NSA
Martin, Understanding Homeland Security
© 2015 SAGE Publications, Inc.

10.  Civil Liberty and Countering ExtremismCivil Liberty and Countering Extremism
Through ReformThrough Reform
 Coercive Measures to Counter ExtremismCoercive Measures to Counter Extremism
 Societal and Cultural ResponsesSocietal and Cultural Responses
 Case in Point: Cultural Shifts, Inclusion, and CivilCase in Point: Cultural Shifts, Inclusion, and Civil
Liberty in the United StatesLiberty in the United States
Martin, Understanding Homeland Security
© 2015 SAGE Publications, Inc.

11.  Terrorist ProfilingTerrorist Profiling
 The Problem of Labeling the enemyThe Problem of Labeling the enemy
 The Ker-Frisbie Rule and ExtraordinaryThe Ker-Frisbie Rule and Extraordinary
RenditionsRenditions
 Case in Point: The Torture DebateCase in Point: The Torture Debate
Martin, Understanding Homeland Security
© 2015 SAGE Publications, Inc.

12.  Terrorist ProfilingTerrorist Profiling
 Similar to Criminal ProfilingSimilar to Criminal Profiling
 Characteristics Used for Terrorist ProfilingCharacteristics Used for Terrorist Profiling
 Detentions and Material Witness WarrantsDetentions and Material Witness Warrants
 Broad Surveillance NetsBroad Surveillance Nets
Martin, Understanding Homeland Security
© 2015 SAGE Publications, Inc.

13.  The Problem of Labeling the EnemyThe Problem of Labeling the Enemy
 Defining TerrorismDefining Terrorism
 Labeling DetaineesLabeling Detainees
 Special Status of SuspectsSpecial Status of Suspects
 Civil Liberties and DetaineesCivil Liberties and Detainees
Martin, Understanding Homeland Security ©
2015 SAGE Publications, Inc.

14.  The Ker-Frisbie Rule and ExtraordinaryThe Ker-Frisbie Rule and Extraordinary
RenditionsRenditions
 Unconventional Tactics and ExtraordinaryUnconventional Tactics and Extraordinary
RenditionsRenditions
 Use During Drug WarUse During Drug War
 CIA OperationsCIA Operations
Martin, Understanding Homeland Security ©
2015 SAGE Publications, Inc.

15.  Case in Point: The Torture DebateCase in Point: The Torture Debate
 Abu Ghraib ScandalAbu Ghraib Scandal
 Enhanced InterrogationsEnhanced Interrogations
 Morality and LegitimacyMorality and Legitimacy
 Examples of TechniquesExamples of Techniques
Martin, Understanding Homeland Security ©
2015 SAGE Publications, Inc.