The document discusses different types of relationships that can be expressed in word analogies, including part to whole, location, action to object, performer to action, classification, cause and effect, and characteristic relationships. Examples are provided for each type of relationship.

1. Beauty and the Beast

2. Beauty and the Beast Cinderella

3. Television

4. Television PlayStation

5. Milk

6. Milk
Ketchup

7. Singer

8. Singer Dancer

9. Mark Zuckerberg

10. Mark Zuckerberg Steve Jobs

11. Can’t-Say-No Challenge
3AM Challenge

12. Can’t-Say-No Challenge
3AM Challenge

13. “…And you chose to
break my heart.”
“Pangit ba ‘ko? Kapalit-
palit ba’ko?”

14. “…And you chose to
break my heart.”
“Pangit ba ‘ko? Kapalit-
palit ba’ko?”

15. Unfaithful

16. Unfaithful Flashlight

17. Tsunami Walk

18. Tsunami Walk Lava Walk

19. Understanding Analogies

20. What is Analogy?
 Greek word:
Ana (upon, according to) + logos
(word, speech, ratio)
A comparison of two things to
show their similarities
 The words in one pair relate to
each other in the same way as
the words in the second pair.

21. Differences between Analogy, Simile,
and Metaphor
Comparison of
two things
Figure of Speech
Type of Analogy
ANALOGY
SIMILE METAPHOR
Points out similarities
between two things
Uses words
‘like’ or ‘as’
Ex.
He is as hungry
as a horse.
Directly states
the
comparison
Ex.
Time is a thief.
A logical argument

22. Types of Relationship Frequently Expressed in
Word Analogies
Simile compares two different things by using connecting
words “like” and “as”.
Examples:
They fought like cats and dogs.
You were as brave as a lion.

23. Types of Relationship Frequently Expressed in
Word Analogies
Metaphor is a very strong form of analogy. It compares two
things directly without using connecting words.
Examples:
Mary’s voice is music to my ears.
Rexy is a walking encyclopedia.
You are the icing to my cupcake.

24. Types of Relationship Frequently Expressed in
Word Analogies
 Parable is a story that conveys a message and
teaches a lesson by comparing things.
Examples: Luke 15:3-7
3 Then Jesus told them this parable: 4 “Suppose one of you has a
hundred sheep and loses one of them. Doesn’t he leave the
ninety-nine in the open country and go after the lost sheep until
he finds it? 5 And when he finds it, he joyfully puts it on his
shoulders 6 and goes home. Then he calls his friends and
neighbors together and says, ‘Rejoice with me; I have found my
lost sheep.’ 7 I tell you that in the same way there will be more
rejoicing in heaven over one sinner who repents than over
ninety-nine righteous persons who do not need to repent.

25. Types of Relationship Frequently Expressed in
Word Analogies
Allegory is a story in which the images, characters and events
act as symbols. These symbols demonstrate more truths,
historical or political situations.
Examples:
The Tortoise and the Hare from Aesop’s Fables: From this story, we learn that the
strong and steady win the race.
The Hunger Games: This trilogy of Young Adult books (and now blockbuster
movies) is an allegory for our obsession with reality television and how it numbs
us to reality.

26. Types of Relationship Frequently Expressed in
Word Analogies
Exemplification is an illustration of something. It is an act of
exemplifying.
Signal words in using examples:
- For example - as an example
- Some examples are - an illustration of
- For instance - an instance of this was
- Such as - another example
- This is analogous to - examples of which

27. Types of Relationship Frequently Expressed in
Word Analogies
Part and whole
Location
Action and Related Object
Performer and Related Action
Classification
Cause and Effect
Characteristic

28. Types of Relationship Frequently Expressed in
Word Analogies
Part and whole
Examples:
CHAPTER : BOOK : : fender : car
[A chapter is a part of a book, just as a fender is a part of a car.]
STEERING WHEEL: AUTOMOBILE : wing : airplane
[A steering wheel is a part of an automobile, just as a wing as a part
of an airplane.]

29. Types of Relationship Frequently Expressed in
Word Analogies
Location
Examples:
FISH : SEA : : deer : forest
[A fish can be found in a sea, just as a deer can be found in a forest.]
FILIPINO : PHILIPPINES : : Swiss : Switzerland
[Filipinos can be found in the Philippines, just as Swiss can be found
in Switzerland.]

30. Types of Relationship Frequently Expressed in
Word Analogies
Action and Related Object
Examples:
BOIL : EGG : : throw : ball
[You boil an egg, just as you throw a ball.]
EAT : FOOD : : drink : water
[You eat food, just as you drink water.]

31. Types of Relationship Frequently Expressed in
Word Analogies
Performer and Related Action
Examples:
AUTHOR : WRITE : : chef : cook
[You expect an author to write, just as you expect a chef to cook.]
SARAH GERONIMO : SINGS : : Liza Soberano : acts
[Sarah Geronimo sings, just as Liza Soberano acts.]

32. Types of Relationship Frequently Expressed in
Word Analogies
Classification
Examples:
SPARROW : BIRD : : van : automobile
[A sparrow may be classified as a bird, just as a van may be classified as an
automobile.]
RODRIGO DUTERTE : President of the Philippines : : Raffy Tulfo : Broadcast
Journalist in Raffy Tulfo in Action
[Duterte is the president of the Philippines, just as Raffy Tulfo is the broadcast
journalist in Raffy Tulfo in Action.]

33. Types of Relationship Frequently Expressed in
Word Analogies
Cause and Effect
Examples:
POLLEN : SNEEZING : : over exertion : fatigue
[Pollen can cause sneezing, just as over exertion can cause fatigue.]
HEAVY RAIN : : FLOOD : : earthquake : tsunami
[Heavy rain can cause flood, just as earthquake can cause tsunami.]

34. Types of Relationship Frequently Expressed in
Word Analogies
Characteristic
Examples:
MISER : STINGY : comedian : funny
[Miser is characteristically stingy, just as comedian is characteristically
funny.]
CATRIONA GRAY : STUNNING : : Bretman Rock : attractive
[Catriona Gray is stunning, just as Bretman Rock is attractive.]