This document defines different types of fluids and their properties. It begins by defining an ideal fluid and real fluid, then discusses Newton's law of viscosity. Newtonian fluids obey this law, having constant viscosity, while non-Newtonian fluids do not. Four types of non-Newtonian fluids are described: dilatant fluids increase in viscosity with stress; pseudoplastic fluids decrease in viscosity with stress; Bingham plastics have a yield stress; and thixotropic fluids' viscosity depends on time under stress. Examples are given for each fluid type.

2. Table of Contents
1.Fluid Definition
2.Types of Fluid
A. Ideal Fluid B. Real
Fluid
3.Newton’s Law of
Viscosity
F/A = µ (du/dy)
4.Newtonian Fluid
5.Non-Newtonian Fluid
τ = A (du/dy)^n + B
6.Types of fluid (non-Newtonian
fluid)
A.Dilatant Fluid
B.Pseudoplastic Fluid
C.Bingham Plastic
D.Thixotropic Fluid

3. Fluid Definition
Fluid is a substance which
can flow and deformed
under a small amount of
force exerted on it is called
fluid.
Example of fluid – Liquid
and Gas

4. Types of Fluid
1. Ideal Fluid
2. Real Fluid
3. Newtonian Fluid
4. Non Newtonian Fluid
Ideal Fluid
The Fluid which is non viscous or friction-less and in-compressible
is called ideal fluid.We assume that ideal fluid is perfect fluid but
fluid without viscosity is not possible or does not exist in real world
so this is only a imaginary fluid.

5. Real Fluid
All fluid comes under real fluid because all the fluid having
viscosity, compression and surface tension in its properties
with a little amount of force.
Example of REAL FLUID: water, petrol, air etc
Before we start Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluid lets
discuss Newton’s law of viscosity

6. Newton’s Law of Viscosity
Newton’s law of viscosity is states that the time rate of deformation of fluid is
directly proportional to the shear stress applied on it.
Shear stress ∝ time rate of deformation
τ=F/A ∝ de/dt
F/A ∝ du/dy { time rate deformation is velocity gradient for fluid}
F/A = µ (du/dy)
where F/A = Shear stress
µ = Dynamic viscosity
du/dy = velocity gradient

7. Newtonian Fluid:-
The fluid which obey’s the Newton’s law of viscosity is called Newtonian fluid.
Newtonian fluid have constant viscosity and it does not depend upon the shear stress
applied on it.
Example of Newtonian fluid: Air, water, Kerosene etc types of fluid
Non-Newtonian Fluid:-
The fluid which does not follow the Newton’s law of viscosity and relationship is
depend upon all the three quantity i.e. shear stress, viscosity and velocity gradient.
Example of non-Newtonian fluid: Blood, Paint, butter, ink etc types of fluid
The general equation for the non-Newtonian fluid is given by:-
τ = A (du/dy)^n + B

8. Types of fluid (non-Newtonian fluid)
A.Dilatant Fluid
The non-Newtonian fluid which
having value of B = 0 and the value of
n is greater than 1 in general
equation, so the graph is gradually
increased.
Example of Dilatant fluid: Butter
and Quick sand etc types of fluid

9. B.Pseudoplastic Fluid
The non-Newtonian fluid which
having value of B = 0 and the value of
n is less than 1 in general equation,
so the graph is gradually decreased.
Example of Pseudoplastic fluid:
Blood, rubber and paints etc types of
fluid

10. C.Bingham Plastic
The non-Newtonian fluid which
having value of B = ty and n = 1,
because it having starting value
of B is greater than 0, so its
viscosity gradient is increased
from that point.
Example of Bingham plastic is
sewage slug, drilling mud

11. D.Thixotropic Fluid
It is time dependent fluid in which velocity is
depend upon shear stress and time duration
of application.
The viscosity of fluid increased or
decreased with time.
Example of Thixotropic Fluid: Lets take a
example of paint, it takes more time of
brush to uneven smoothness.