This document defines and describes various film editing techniques including: - Continuity editing which uses establishing shots, the 180 degree rule, and match on action to maintain a clear narrative. - Montage editing which uses dissolves, fades, and jump cuts to assemble shots. - Establishing shots which set the scene. - Shot/reverse shot which alternates between characters in conversation. - The 180 degree rule which maintains spatial relationships between objects by not crossing the imaginary line. - Match on action which places different shots of the same action next to each other. - Transitions like fades and dissolves which join scenes. - Examples from The Dark Knight Rises and Law

1. Types of Editing
Nicole Herring

2. Continuity Editing
• Rules:
• Establishing shot
• 180O rule
• Match on action
• Definition: A system of cutting used to
maintain continuous and clear narrative action
by following a set of rules

3. Montage Editing
• Montage editing is a style that deals with
shots assembled by the means of dissolves,
fades and jump cuts.

4. Establishing Shot
• Definition: A long shot or extreme long shot
which sets/establishes the scene

5. Shot/Reverse Shot
• Definition: Two shots edited together that
alternate characters, usually in a conversation.
• Sometimes it is not filmed in correct order but
it will be edited afterwards to flow together.

6. 180O Rule
• Definition: The angle between two
consecutive shots should not exceed 180O, in
order to maintain relationships between two
people and objects.
• It is important not to cross the 180O,
otherwise it may confuse the viewer.

7. Match on Action
• Definition: A cut between two shots that
places two different framings of the same
action next to each other, making it seem to
continue uninterrupted.

8. Transitions
• Definition: Transition is a method or process
of joining a certain amount of scenes from a
shot.
• There are 8 main transitions but the most
used are Fade and Dissolve.

9. Fade
• Fade is a transition that occurs when a shot
gradually fades to create a single colour,
normally black or white. In films, this is
created by a change in the exposure, which is
why it is known as a fade in/fade out
transition.

10. Dissolve
• Dissolve is a transition that occurs when a
shot gradually moves from one image to
another. In films, this effect is created by
double exposure.

11. Real Media Text – The Dark Knight
Rises
• The Dark Knight Rises mainly uses quick cuts to show the next
shot.
• It has a really faint fade when it shoes the title.
• Shots will come from different angles, such as left, right and
diagonal.
• When it changes to a picture at 54 it has a quick dissolve/fade.
http://www.wat
chthetitles.com/
articles/00228-
The_Dark_Knigh
t_Rises

12. Real Media Text – Law Abiding Citizen
• The production company logos fade out.
• It then uses quick cuts during the
conversation, using the 180O rule.
• At 2 minutes it then fades out using black.
http://www.youtub
e.com/watch?v=t3F
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