Title-based video summarization is a relatively unexplored domain; there is no publicly available dataset suitable for our purpose.
Author therefore collected a new dataset,TVSum50, that contains 50 videos and their shot-level importance scores obtained via crowdsourcing
5 ijaems sept-2015-9-video feature extraction based on modified lle using ada...INFOGAIN PUBLICATION
Locally linear embedding (LLE) is an unsupervised learning algorithm which computes the low dimensional, neighborhood preserving embeddings of high dimensional data. LLE attempts to discover non-linear structure in high dimensional data by exploiting the local symmetries of linear reconstructions. In this paper, video feature extraction is done using modified LLE alongwith adaptive nearest neighbor approach to find the nearest neighbor and the connected components. The proposed feature extraction method is applied to a video. The video feature description gives a new tool for analysis of video.
TARGET DETECTION AND CLASSIFICATION PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT USING SUPERRESOLU...sipij
Long range infrared videos such as the Defense Systems Information Analysis Center (DSIAC) videos usually
do not have high resolution. In recent years, there are significant advancement in video super-resolution
algorithms. Here, we summarize our study on the use of super-resolution videos for target detection and
classification. We observed that super-resolution videos can significantly improve the detection and
classification performance. For example, for 3000 m range videos, we were able to improve the average
precision of target detection from 11% (without super-resolution) to 44% (with 4x super-resolution) and the
overall accuracy of target classification from 10% (without super-resolution) to 44% (with 2x superresolution).
In the current scenario compression of video files is in high demand. Color video compression has become a significant technology to lessen the memory space and to decrease transmission time. Video compression using fractal technique is based on self similarity concept by comparing the range block and domain block. However, its computational complexity is very high. In this paper we presented hybrid video compression technique to compress Audio/Video Interleaved file and overcome the problem of Computational complexity. We implemented Discrete Wavelet Transform and hybrid fractal HV partition technique using Particle Swarm Optimization (called mapping of PSO) for compression of videos. The analysis demonstrate that hybrid technique gives a very good speed up to compress video and achieve Peak Signal to Noise Ratio.
Shift Invariant Ear Feature Extraction using Dual Tree Complex Wavelet Transf...IDES Editor
Since last 10 years various methods have been used
for ear recognition. This paper describes the automatic
localization of an ear and its segmentation from the side pose
of face image. In this paper, authors have proposed a novel
approach of feature extraction of iris image using 2D Dual
Tree Complex Wavelet Transform (2D-DT-CWT) which
provides six sub-bands in 06 different orientations, against 3
orientations in DWT. DT-CWT being complex it exhibit the
property of shift invariance. Ear features vectors are obtained
by computing mean, standard deviation, energy and entropy
of these six sub-bands DT-CWT and three sub-bands of DWT
Canberra distance and Euclidian distance are used for
matching. The accuracy of recognition is achieved above 97
%.
Semantic Concept Detection in Video Using Hybrid Model of CNN and SVM Classif...CSCJournals
In today's era of digitization and fast internet, many video are uploaded on websites, a mechanism is required to access this video accurately and efficiently. Semantic concept detection achieve this task accurately and is used in many application like multimedia annotation, video summarization, annotation, indexing and retrieval. Video retrieval based on semantic concept is efficient and challenging research area. Semantic concept detection bridges the semantic gap between low level extraction of features from key-frame or shot of video and high level interpretation of the same as semantics. Semantic Concept detection automatically assigns labels to video from predefined vocabulary. This task is considered as supervised machine learning problem. Support vector machine (SVM) emerged as default classifier choice for this task. But recently Deep Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) has shown exceptional performance in this area. CNN requires large dataset for training. In this paper, we present framework for semantic concept detection using hybrid model of SVM and CNN. Global features like color moment, HSV histogram, wavelet transform, grey level co-occurrence matrix and edge orientation histogram are selected as low level features extracted from annotated groundtruth video dataset of TRECVID. In second pipeline, deep features are extracted using pretrained CNN. Dataset is partitioned in three segments to deal with data imbalance issue. Two classifiers are separately trained on all segments and fusion of scores is performed to detect the concepts in test dataset. The system performance is evaluated using Mean Average Precision for multi-label dataset. The performance of the proposed framework using hybrid model of SVM and CNN is comparable to existing approaches.
Performance Analysis of Digital Watermarking Of Video in the Spatial Domainpaperpublications3
Abstract:In this paper, we have suggested the spatial domain method for the digital video watermarking for both visible and invisible watermarks. The methods are used for the copyright protection as well as proof of ownership. In this paper we first extracted the frames from the video and then used spatial domain characteristics of the frames where we directly worked on the pixel value of the frame according to the watermark and calculated different parameters.
Keywords:Digital video watermarking, copyright protection, spatial domain watermarking, Least Significant bit substitution.
5 ijaems sept-2015-9-video feature extraction based on modified lle using ada...INFOGAIN PUBLICATION
Locally linear embedding (LLE) is an unsupervised learning algorithm which computes the low dimensional, neighborhood preserving embeddings of high dimensional data. LLE attempts to discover non-linear structure in high dimensional data by exploiting the local symmetries of linear reconstructions. In this paper, video feature extraction is done using modified LLE alongwith adaptive nearest neighbor approach to find the nearest neighbor and the connected components. The proposed feature extraction method is applied to a video. The video feature description gives a new tool for analysis of video.
TARGET DETECTION AND CLASSIFICATION PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT USING SUPERRESOLU...sipij
Long range infrared videos such as the Defense Systems Information Analysis Center (DSIAC) videos usually
do not have high resolution. In recent years, there are significant advancement in video super-resolution
algorithms. Here, we summarize our study on the use of super-resolution videos for target detection and
classification. We observed that super-resolution videos can significantly improve the detection and
classification performance. For example, for 3000 m range videos, we were able to improve the average
precision of target detection from 11% (without super-resolution) to 44% (with 4x super-resolution) and the
overall accuracy of target classification from 10% (without super-resolution) to 44% (with 2x superresolution).
In the current scenario compression of video files is in high demand. Color video compression has become a significant technology to lessen the memory space and to decrease transmission time. Video compression using fractal technique is based on self similarity concept by comparing the range block and domain block. However, its computational complexity is very high. In this paper we presented hybrid video compression technique to compress Audio/Video Interleaved file and overcome the problem of Computational complexity. We implemented Discrete Wavelet Transform and hybrid fractal HV partition technique using Particle Swarm Optimization (called mapping of PSO) for compression of videos. The analysis demonstrate that hybrid technique gives a very good speed up to compress video and achieve Peak Signal to Noise Ratio.
Shift Invariant Ear Feature Extraction using Dual Tree Complex Wavelet Transf...IDES Editor
Since last 10 years various methods have been used
for ear recognition. This paper describes the automatic
localization of an ear and its segmentation from the side pose
of face image. In this paper, authors have proposed a novel
approach of feature extraction of iris image using 2D Dual
Tree Complex Wavelet Transform (2D-DT-CWT) which
provides six sub-bands in 06 different orientations, against 3
orientations in DWT. DT-CWT being complex it exhibit the
property of shift invariance. Ear features vectors are obtained
by computing mean, standard deviation, energy and entropy
of these six sub-bands DT-CWT and three sub-bands of DWT
Canberra distance and Euclidian distance are used for
matching. The accuracy of recognition is achieved above 97
%.
Semantic Concept Detection in Video Using Hybrid Model of CNN and SVM Classif...CSCJournals
In today's era of digitization and fast internet, many video are uploaded on websites, a mechanism is required to access this video accurately and efficiently. Semantic concept detection achieve this task accurately and is used in many application like multimedia annotation, video summarization, annotation, indexing and retrieval. Video retrieval based on semantic concept is efficient and challenging research area. Semantic concept detection bridges the semantic gap between low level extraction of features from key-frame or shot of video and high level interpretation of the same as semantics. Semantic Concept detection automatically assigns labels to video from predefined vocabulary. This task is considered as supervised machine learning problem. Support vector machine (SVM) emerged as default classifier choice for this task. But recently Deep Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) has shown exceptional performance in this area. CNN requires large dataset for training. In this paper, we present framework for semantic concept detection using hybrid model of SVM and CNN. Global features like color moment, HSV histogram, wavelet transform, grey level co-occurrence matrix and edge orientation histogram are selected as low level features extracted from annotated groundtruth video dataset of TRECVID. In second pipeline, deep features are extracted using pretrained CNN. Dataset is partitioned in three segments to deal with data imbalance issue. Two classifiers are separately trained on all segments and fusion of scores is performed to detect the concepts in test dataset. The system performance is evaluated using Mean Average Precision for multi-label dataset. The performance of the proposed framework using hybrid model of SVM and CNN is comparable to existing approaches.
Performance Analysis of Digital Watermarking Of Video in the Spatial Domainpaperpublications3
Abstract:In this paper, we have suggested the spatial domain method for the digital video watermarking for both visible and invisible watermarks. The methods are used for the copyright protection as well as proof of ownership. In this paper we first extracted the frames from the video and then used spatial domain characteristics of the frames where we directly worked on the pixel value of the frame according to the watermark and calculated different parameters.
Keywords:Digital video watermarking, copyright protection, spatial domain watermarking, Least Significant bit substitution.
Efficient video indexing for fast motion videoijcga
Due to advances in recent multimedia technologies, various digital video contents become available from different multimedia sources. Efficient management, storage, coding, and indexing of video are required because video contains lots of visual information and requires a large amount of memory. This paper proposes an efficient video indexing method for video with rapid motion or fast illumination change, in which motion information and feature points of specific objects are used. For accurate shot boundary detection, we make use of two steps: block matching algorithm to obtain accurate motion information and modified displaced frame difference to compensate for the error in existing methods. We also propose an object matching algorithm based on the scale invariant feature transform, which uses feature points to group shots semantically. Computer simulation with five fast-motion video shows the effectiveness of the proposed video indexing method.
PREVENTING COPYRIGHTS INFRINGEMENT OF IMAGES BY WATERMARKING IN TRANSFORM DOM...ijistjournal
Images are undoubtedly the most efficacious and easiest means of communicating an idea. They are surely an indispensable part of human life .The trend of sharing images of various kinds for example typical technical figures, modern exceptional masterpiece from an artist, photos from the recent picnic to hill station etc, on the internet is spreading like a viral. There is a mandatory requirement for checking the privacy and security of our personal digital images before making them public via the internet. There is always a threat of our original images being illegally reproduced or distributed elsewhere. To prevent the misuse and protect the copyrights, an efficient solution has been given that can withstand many attacks. This paper aims at encoding of the host image prior to watermark embedding for enhancing the security. The fast and effective full counter propagation neural network helps in the successful watermark embedding without deteriorating the image perception. Earlier techniques embedded the watermark in the image itself but is has been observed that synapses of neural network provide a better platform for reducing the distortion and increasing the message capacity.
Session 10 in module 3 from the Master in Computer Vision by UPC, UAB, UOC & UPF.
This lecture provides an overview of state of the art applications of convolutional neural networks to the problems in video processing: semantic recognition, optical flow estimation and object tracking.
Can Generative Adversarial Networks Model Imaging Physics?Debdoot Sheet
Ultrasound imaging makes use of backscattering of waves during their interaction with scatterers present in biological tissues. Simulation of synthetic ultrasound images is a challenging problem on account of inability to accurately model various factors of which some include intra-/inter scanline interference, transducer to surface coupling, artifacts on transducer elements, inhomogeneous shadowing and nonlinear attenuation. Current approaches typically solve wave space equations making them computationally expensive and slow to operate. We propose a generative adversarial network (GAN) inspired approach for fast simulation of patho-realistic ultrasound images. We apply the framework to intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) simulation. A stage 0 simulation performed using pseudo B-mode ultrasound image simulator yields speckle mapping of a digitally defined phantom. The stage I GAN subsequently refines them to preserve tissue specific speckle intensities. The stage II GAN further refines them to generate high resolution images with patho-realistic speckle profiles. We evaluate patho-realism of simulated images with a visual Turing test indicating an equivocal confusion in discriminating simulated from real. We also quantify the shift in tissue specific intensity distributions of the real and simulated images to prove their similarity.
Full paper: https://arxiv.org/abs/1712.07881
RECOGNITION OF RECAPTURED IMAGES USING PHYSICAL BASED FEATUREScsandit
With the development of multimedia technology and digital devices, it is very simple and easier to recapture a high quality images from LCD screens. In authentication, the use of such
recaptured images can be very dangerous. So, it is very important to recognize the recaptured images in order to increase authenticity. Image recapture detection (IRD) is to distinguish realscene images from the recaptured ones. An image recapture detection method based on set of physical based features is proposed in this paper, which uses combination of low-level features including texture, HSV colour and blurriness. Twenty six dimensions of features are xtracted to train a suppo rt vector machine classifier with linear kernel. The experimental results show that the proposed method is efficient with good recognition rate of distinguishing real scene images from the recaptured ones. The proposed method also possesses low dimensional features compared to the state-of-the-art recaptured methods.
Multimodal Analysis for Bridging Semantic Gap with Biologically Inspired Algo...techkrish
The amount and complexity of digital media being generated, stored, transmitted, analysed and accessed has exponentially increased as a result of advances in computer and Web technologies. Much of this information combines digital images, video, audio, graphics and textual data. Large-scale online video repositories enable users to creatively share material along a wide audience. Consequently, there is an increasing interest in associating media items with free-text annotations, ranging from simple titles and detailed descriptions of the video content. In an effort to reduce the complexity of the annotation task, this talk will outline some of the techniques developed for indexing large-scale multimedia repositories by exploiting multi-modality of information space. One such approach combines the use of semantic expansion and visual analysis for predicting user tags for online videos. The framework is designed to exploit visual features using biologically inspired algorithms and associated textual metadata, which is semantically, expanded using complementary textual resources. The experimental results indicate the usefulness of the proposed approach for analysing large-scale media items.
AN EMERGING TREND OF FEATURE EXTRACTION METHOD IN VIDEO PROCESSINGcscpconf
Recently the progress in technology and flourishing applications open up new forecast and defy
for the image and video processing community. Compared to still images, video sequences
afford more information about how objects and scenarios change over time. Quality of video is
very significant before applying it to any kind of processing techniques. This paper deals with
two major problems in video processing they are noise reduction and object segmentation on
video frames. The segmentation of objects is performed using foreground segmentation based
and fuzzy c-means clustering segmentation is compared with the proposed method Improvised
fuzzy c – means segmentation based on color. This was applied in the video frame to segment
various objects in the current frame. The proposed technique is a powerful method for image
segmentation and it works for both single and multiple feature data with spatial information.
The experimental result was conducted using various noises and filtering methods to show which is best suited among others and the proposed segmentation approach generates good quality segmented frames.
Optimized Implementation of Edge Preserving Color Guided Filter for Video on ...iosrjce
IOSR journal of VLSI and Signal Processing (IOSRJVSP) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of VLSI Design & Signal Processing. The goal of this journal is to bring together researchers and practitioners from academia and industry to focus on advanced VLSI Design & Signal Processing concepts and establishing new collaborations in these areas.
Design and realization of microelectronic systems using VLSI/ULSI technologies require close collaboration among scientists and engineers in the fields of systems architecture, logic and circuit design, chips and wafer fabrication, packaging, testing and systems applications. Generation of specifications, design and verification must be performed at all abstraction levels, including the system, register-transfer, logic, circuit, transistor and process levels
MULTIMODAL BIOMETRICS RECOGNITION FROM FACIAL VIDEO VIA DEEP LEARNINGcsandit
Biometrics identification using multiple modalities has attracted the attention of many researchers as it produces more robust and trustworthy results than single modality biometrics.
In this paper, we present a novel multimodal recognition system that trains a Deep Learning Network to automatically learn features after extracting multiple biometric modalities from a single data source, i.e., facial video clips. Utilizing different modalities, i.e., left ear, left profile face, frontal face, right profile face, and right ear, present in the facial video clips, we train supervised denosing autoencoders to automatically extract robust and non-redundant features.The automatically learned features are then used to train modality specific sparse classifiers to perform the multimodal recognition. Experiments conducted on the constrained facial video
dataset (WVU) and the unconstrained facial video dataset (HONDA/UCSD), resulted in a 99.17% and 97.14% rank-1 recognition rates, respectively. The multimodal recognition
accuracy demonstrates the superiority and robustness of the proposed approach irrespective of the illumination, non-planar movement, and pose variations present in the video clips.
Efficient video indexing for fast motion videoijcga
Due to advances in recent multimedia technologies, various digital video contents become available from different multimedia sources. Efficient management, storage, coding, and indexing of video are required because video contains lots of visual information and requires a large amount of memory. This paper proposes an efficient video indexing method for video with rapid motion or fast illumination change, in which motion information and feature points of specific objects are used. For accurate shot boundary detection, we make use of two steps: block matching algorithm to obtain accurate motion information and modified displaced frame difference to compensate for the error in existing methods. We also propose an object matching algorithm based on the scale invariant feature transform, which uses feature points to group shots semantically. Computer simulation with five fast-motion video shows the effectiveness of the proposed video indexing method.
PREVENTING COPYRIGHTS INFRINGEMENT OF IMAGES BY WATERMARKING IN TRANSFORM DOM...ijistjournal
Images are undoubtedly the most efficacious and easiest means of communicating an idea. They are surely an indispensable part of human life .The trend of sharing images of various kinds for example typical technical figures, modern exceptional masterpiece from an artist, photos from the recent picnic to hill station etc, on the internet is spreading like a viral. There is a mandatory requirement for checking the privacy and security of our personal digital images before making them public via the internet. There is always a threat of our original images being illegally reproduced or distributed elsewhere. To prevent the misuse and protect the copyrights, an efficient solution has been given that can withstand many attacks. This paper aims at encoding of the host image prior to watermark embedding for enhancing the security. The fast and effective full counter propagation neural network helps in the successful watermark embedding without deteriorating the image perception. Earlier techniques embedded the watermark in the image itself but is has been observed that synapses of neural network provide a better platform for reducing the distortion and increasing the message capacity.
Session 10 in module 3 from the Master in Computer Vision by UPC, UAB, UOC & UPF.
This lecture provides an overview of state of the art applications of convolutional neural networks to the problems in video processing: semantic recognition, optical flow estimation and object tracking.
Can Generative Adversarial Networks Model Imaging Physics?Debdoot Sheet
Ultrasound imaging makes use of backscattering of waves during their interaction with scatterers present in biological tissues. Simulation of synthetic ultrasound images is a challenging problem on account of inability to accurately model various factors of which some include intra-/inter scanline interference, transducer to surface coupling, artifacts on transducer elements, inhomogeneous shadowing and nonlinear attenuation. Current approaches typically solve wave space equations making them computationally expensive and slow to operate. We propose a generative adversarial network (GAN) inspired approach for fast simulation of patho-realistic ultrasound images. We apply the framework to intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) simulation. A stage 0 simulation performed using pseudo B-mode ultrasound image simulator yields speckle mapping of a digitally defined phantom. The stage I GAN subsequently refines them to preserve tissue specific speckle intensities. The stage II GAN further refines them to generate high resolution images with patho-realistic speckle profiles. We evaluate patho-realism of simulated images with a visual Turing test indicating an equivocal confusion in discriminating simulated from real. We also quantify the shift in tissue specific intensity distributions of the real and simulated images to prove their similarity.
Full paper: https://arxiv.org/abs/1712.07881
RECOGNITION OF RECAPTURED IMAGES USING PHYSICAL BASED FEATUREScsandit
With the development of multimedia technology and digital devices, it is very simple and easier to recapture a high quality images from LCD screens. In authentication, the use of such
recaptured images can be very dangerous. So, it is very important to recognize the recaptured images in order to increase authenticity. Image recapture detection (IRD) is to distinguish realscene images from the recaptured ones. An image recapture detection method based on set of physical based features is proposed in this paper, which uses combination of low-level features including texture, HSV colour and blurriness. Twenty six dimensions of features are xtracted to train a suppo rt vector machine classifier with linear kernel. The experimental results show that the proposed method is efficient with good recognition rate of distinguishing real scene images from the recaptured ones. The proposed method also possesses low dimensional features compared to the state-of-the-art recaptured methods.
Multimodal Analysis for Bridging Semantic Gap with Biologically Inspired Algo...techkrish
The amount and complexity of digital media being generated, stored, transmitted, analysed and accessed has exponentially increased as a result of advances in computer and Web technologies. Much of this information combines digital images, video, audio, graphics and textual data. Large-scale online video repositories enable users to creatively share material along a wide audience. Consequently, there is an increasing interest in associating media items with free-text annotations, ranging from simple titles and detailed descriptions of the video content. In an effort to reduce the complexity of the annotation task, this talk will outline some of the techniques developed for indexing large-scale multimedia repositories by exploiting multi-modality of information space. One such approach combines the use of semantic expansion and visual analysis for predicting user tags for online videos. The framework is designed to exploit visual features using biologically inspired algorithms and associated textual metadata, which is semantically, expanded using complementary textual resources. The experimental results indicate the usefulness of the proposed approach for analysing large-scale media items.
AN EMERGING TREND OF FEATURE EXTRACTION METHOD IN VIDEO PROCESSINGcscpconf
Recently the progress in technology and flourishing applications open up new forecast and defy
for the image and video processing community. Compared to still images, video sequences
afford more information about how objects and scenarios change over time. Quality of video is
very significant before applying it to any kind of processing techniques. This paper deals with
two major problems in video processing they are noise reduction and object segmentation on
video frames. The segmentation of objects is performed using foreground segmentation based
and fuzzy c-means clustering segmentation is compared with the proposed method Improvised
fuzzy c – means segmentation based on color. This was applied in the video frame to segment
various objects in the current frame. The proposed technique is a powerful method for image
segmentation and it works for both single and multiple feature data with spatial information.
The experimental result was conducted using various noises and filtering methods to show which is best suited among others and the proposed segmentation approach generates good quality segmented frames.
Optimized Implementation of Edge Preserving Color Guided Filter for Video on ...iosrjce
IOSR journal of VLSI and Signal Processing (IOSRJVSP) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of VLSI Design & Signal Processing. The goal of this journal is to bring together researchers and practitioners from academia and industry to focus on advanced VLSI Design & Signal Processing concepts and establishing new collaborations in these areas.
Design and realization of microelectronic systems using VLSI/ULSI technologies require close collaboration among scientists and engineers in the fields of systems architecture, logic and circuit design, chips and wafer fabrication, packaging, testing and systems applications. Generation of specifications, design and verification must be performed at all abstraction levels, including the system, register-transfer, logic, circuit, transistor and process levels
MULTIMODAL BIOMETRICS RECOGNITION FROM FACIAL VIDEO VIA DEEP LEARNINGcsandit
Biometrics identification using multiple modalities has attracted the attention of many researchers as it produces more robust and trustworthy results than single modality biometrics.
In this paper, we present a novel multimodal recognition system that trains a Deep Learning Network to automatically learn features after extracting multiple biometric modalities from a single data source, i.e., facial video clips. Utilizing different modalities, i.e., left ear, left profile face, frontal face, right profile face, and right ear, present in the facial video clips, we train supervised denosing autoencoders to automatically extract robust and non-redundant features.The automatically learned features are then used to train modality specific sparse classifiers to perform the multimodal recognition. Experiments conducted on the constrained facial video
dataset (WVU) and the unconstrained facial video dataset (HONDA/UCSD), resulted in a 99.17% and 97.14% rank-1 recognition rates, respectively. The multimodal recognition
accuracy demonstrates the superiority and robustness of the proposed approach irrespective of the illumination, non-planar movement, and pose variations present in the video clips.
Multimodal video abstraction into a static document using deep learning IJECEIAES
Abstraction is a strategy that gives the essential points of a document in a short period of time. The video abstraction approach proposed in this research is based on multi-modal video data, which comprises both audio and visual data. Segmenting the input video into scenes and obtaining a textual and visual summary for each scene are the major video abstraction procedures to summarize the video events into a static document. To recognize the shot and scene boundary from a video sequence, a hybrid features method was employed, which improves detection shot performance by selecting strong and flexible features. The most informative keyframes from each scene are then incorporated into the visual summary. A hybrid deep learning model was used for abstractive text summarization. The BBC archive provided the testing videos, which comprised BBC Learning English and BBC News. In addition, a news summary dataset was used to train a deep model. The performance of the proposed approaches was assessed using metrics like Rouge for textual summary, which achieved a 40.49% accuracy rate. While precision, recall, and F-score used for visual summary have achieved (94.9%) accuracy, which performed better than the other methods, according to the findings of the experiments.
Key frame extraction for video summarization using motion activity descriptorseSAT Journals
Abstract Summarization of a video involves providing a gist of the entire video without affecting the semantics of the video. This has been implemented by the use of motion activity descriptors which generate relative motion between consecutive frames. Correctly capturing the motion in a video leads to the identification of the key frames in the video. This motion in the video can be obtained by using block matching techniques which is an important part of this process. It is implemented using two techniques, Diamond Search and Three Step Search, which have been studied and compared. The comparison process is tried across various videos differing in category, content, and objects. It is found that there is a trade-off between summarization factor and precision during the summarization process. Keywords: Video Summarization, Motion Descriptors, Block Matching
Key frame extraction for video summarization using motion activity descriptorseSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Video Key-Frame Extraction using Unsupervised Clustering and Mutual ComparisonCSCJournals
Key-frame extraction is one of the important steps in semantic concept based video indexing and retrieval and accuracy of video concept detection highly depends on the effectiveness of keyframe extraction method. Therefore, extracting key-frames efficiently and effectively from video shots is considered to be a very challenging research problem in video retrieval systems. One of many approaches to extract key-frames from a shot is to make use of unsupervised clustering. Depending on the salient content of the shot and results of clustering, key-frames can be extracted. But usually, because of the visual complexity and/or the content of the video shot, we tend to get near duplicate or repetitive key-frames having the same semantic content in the output and hence accuracy of key-frame extraction decreases. In an attempt to improve accuracy, we proposed a novel key-frame extraction method based on unsupervised clustering and mutual comparison where we assigned 70% weightage to color component (HSV histogram) and 30% to texture (GLCM), while computing a combined frame similarity index used for clustering. We suggested a mutual comparison of the key-frames extracted from the output of the clustering where each key-frame is compared with every other to remove near duplicate keyframes. The proposed algorithm is both computationally simple and able to detect non-redundant and unique key-frames for the shot and as a result improving concept detection rate. The efficiency and effectiveness are validated by open database videos.
Dynamic Threshold in Clip Analysis and RetrievalCSCJournals
Key frame extraction can be helpful in video summarization, analysis, indexing, browsing, and retrieval. Clip analysis of key frame sequences is an open research issues. The paper deals with identification and extraction of key frames using dynamic threshold followed by video retrieval. The number of key frames to be extracted for each shot depends on the activity details of the shot. This system uses the statistics of comparison between the successive frames within a level extracted on the basis of color histograms and dynamic threshold. Two program interfaces are linked for clip analysis and video indexing and retrieval using entropy. The results using proposed system on few video sequences are tested and the extracted key frames and retrieved results are shown.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Video saliency-recognition by applying custom spatio temporal fusion techniqueIAESIJAI
Video saliency detection is a major growing field with quite few contributions to it. The general method available today is to conduct frame wise saliency detection and this leads to several complications, including an incoherent pixel-based saliency map, making it not so useful. This paper provides a novel solution to saliency detection and mapping with its custom spatio-temporal fusion method that uses frame wise overall motion colour saliency along with pixel-based consistent spatio-temporal diffusion for its temporal uniformity. In the proposed method section, it has been discussed how the video is fragmented into groups of frames and each frame undergoes diffusion and integration in a temporary fashion for the colour saliency mapping to be computed. Then the inter group frame are used to format the pixel-based saliency fusion, after which the features, that is, fusion of pixel saliency and colour information, guide the diffusion of the spatio temporal saliency. With this, the result has been tested with 5 publicly available global saliency evaluation metrics and it comes to conclusion that the proposed algorithm performs better than several state-of-the-art saliency detection methods with increase in accuracy with a good value margin. All the results display the robustness, reliability, versatility and accuracy.
Unsupervised object-level video summarization with online motion auto-encoderNEERAJ BAGHEL
Unsupervised video summarization plays an important role on digesting, browsing, and searching the ever-growing videos every day.
Author investigate a pioneer research direction towards the unsupervised object-level video summarization.
It can be distinguished from existing pipelines in two aspects:
Extracting key motions of participated objects
Learning to summarize in an unsupervised and online manner.
Host rank:Exploiting the Hierarchical Structure for Link AnalysisNEERAJ BAGHEL
Link analysis algorithms play key roles in Web search systems. solution for two problems:
The sparsity of link graph
Biased ranking of newly-emerging pages.
Traffic behavior of local area network based onNEERAJ BAGHEL
Local Area Networks (LAN) is one of the most popular networks in which its performance is very important for operators.
The LAN method has been an essential infrastructure of numerous companies and organizations for a long time.
This study aims to evaluate the M/M/1 queuing
model in LAN Based on Poisson and Exponential Distribution
and compare the traffic behavior of these Distributions in terms
of some essential parameters. Moreover, it also aims to design and
implement a model to perform the M/M/1 queuing model with
different metrics and finally analyze the results to evaluate traffic
behavior of M/M/1 queuing model for Poisson and Exponential
Distribution in LAN.
A Framework For Dynamic Hand Gesture Recognition Using Key Frames ExtractionNEERAJ BAGHEL
Abstract—Hand Gesture Recognition is one of the natural
ways of human computer interaction (HCI) which has wide
range of technological as well as social applications. A dynamic
hand gesture can be characterized by its shape, position and
movement. This paper presents a user independent framework
for dynamic hand gesture recognition in which a novel algorithm
for extraction of key frames is proposed. This algorithm is based
on the change in hand shape and position, to find out the most
important and distinguishing frames from the video of the hand
gesture, using certain parameters and dynamic threshold. For
classification, Multiclass Support Vector Machine (MSVM) is
used. Experiments using the videos of hand gestures of Indian
Sign Language show the effectiveness of the proposed system for
various dynamic hand gestures. The use of key frame extraction
algorithm speeds up the system by selecting essential frames and
therefore eliminating extra computation on redundant frames.
Biometric is a technology which deals with unique bio elements of an individual.
It is used to verify an individual by its own bio elements saved in system.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
1. TVSum: Summarizing Web Videos Using Titles
PRESENTED BY:
NEERAJ BAGHEL
M.TECH CSE II YR
2015 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
At Hynes Convention Center in Boston, Massachusetts.
Yale Song, Jordi Vallmitjana, Amanda Stent, Alejandro Jaimes
Yahoo Labs, New York
1
3. INTRODUCTION
Video
• Video data is a great asset for information extraction and
knowledge discovery.
• Due to its size an variability, it is extremely hard for users to
monitor.
video summarization
• Intelligent video summarization algorithms allow us to
quickly browse a lengthy video by capturing the essence
and removing redundant information.
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4. OBSTACLES IN VIDEO SUMMARIZATI
ON
• Which part of a video is important
• Images irrelevant to video content
• Author present TVSum, an unsupervised video
summarization framework that uses title-based image
search results to find visually important shots
• Author developed a novel co-archetypal analysis technique
that learns canonical visual concepts shared between
video and images
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5. DATASET
Author introduce a new benchmark dataset, TVSum50, that
contains 50 videos and their shot-level importance scores
annotated via crowd sourcing.
Experimental results on two datasets, SumMe and
TVSum50,
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6. TVSum50 Benchmark Dataset
Title-based video summarization is a relatively
unexplored domain; there is no publicly available dataset
suitable for our purpose.
Author therefore collected a new dataset,TVSum50, that
contains 50 videos and their shot-level importance scores
obtained via crowdsourcing.
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8. Video Data Collection
Author selected 10 categories from the TRECVid
Multimedia Event Detection (MED) task and collected 50
videos (5 per category) from YouTube using the category
name as a search query term.
From the search results, we chose videos using the
following criteria:
(i) under the Creative Commons license;
(ii) duration is 2 to 10 minutes.
(iii)contains more than a single shot.
(iv) its title is descriptive of the visual topic in the video.
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9. Web Image Data Collection
In order to learn canonical visual concepts from a video
title.
Author need a sufficiently diverse set of images [15].
Unfortunately,the title itself can sometimes be too specific
as a query term [29].
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10. Figure 3. Chronological bias in shot importance labeling.
Shown here is the video “Statue of Liberty” from the SumMe
dataset [20].(a) from the SumMe dataset, (b) collected by
us using our annotation interface.
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11. TVSum Framework
This framework consists of four modules:
Shot segmentation.
canonical visual concept learning
shot importance scoring
summary generation
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12. Shot Segmentation
Shot segmentation is a crucial step in video
summarizationfor maintaining visual coherence within
each shot, which in turn affects the overall quality of a
summary
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13. Canonical Visual Concept
Learning
Author define canonical visual concepts as the patterns
shared between video X and its title-based image search
results Y, and represent them as a set of p latent
variables Z = [z1, ・ ・ ・ , zp] ∈ Rd×p, where p ≪ d (in
this experiments,p=200 and d=1,640).
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14. Shot Importance Scoring
Author first measure frame-level importance using the
learned factorization of X into XBA. Specifically, we
measure the importance of the i-th video frame xi by
computing the total contribution of the corresponding
elements of BA in reconstructing the original signal X,
that is,
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15. Summary Generation
To generate a summary of length l, Author solve the
following optimization problem:
where s is the number of shots, vi is the importance
score of the i-th shot, and wi is the length of the i-th shot.
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16. Baseline Models
Auhtor compared our summarization approach to 8
baselines covering a variety of different methods:-
Sampling (SU and SR): A summary is generated by selecting
shots either uniformly (SU) or shots either randomly (SR) such
that the summary length is within the length budget l.
Clustering (CK and CS): Author tested two clustering
approaches: k-means (CK) and spectral clustering (CS).
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17. Baseline Models
LiveLight (LL): summary is generated by removing redundant
shots over time, measuring redundancy using a dictionary of shots
updated online. we selected shots with the highest reconstruction
errors that fit in the length budget l.
Web Image Prior [25] (WP): As in [25], Author defined
100.positive and 1 negative classes, using images from other
videos in the same dataset as negative examples.
Archetypal Analysis [11] (AA1 and AA2): Author include two
versions of archetypal analysis: one that learns archetypes from
video data only (AA1), and another that uses a combination of
video and image data (AA2).
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19. CONCLUSIONS
Auhtor presented TVSum, an unsupervised video
summarization framework that uses the video title
to find visually important shots.
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20. REFERENCES
[1] M. Basseville, I. V. Nikiforov, et al. Detection of abrupt changes:theory and application, volume
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supervised visual concept learning. In CVPR,2014. 8
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videos: A multiple source domain adaptation approach. In CVPR, 2012. 4
[16] N. Ejaz, I. Mehmood, and S. Wook Baik. Efficient visual attention based framework for
extracting key frames from videos. Signal Processing: Image Communication, 28(1), 2013. 2, 7,
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Image Processing, IEEE Transactions on, 12(7), 2003. 2
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videos. In ECCV, 2014. 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
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images. In ICCV, 2013. 2
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[23] G. Hripcsak and A. S. Rothschild. Agreement, the f-measure, and reliability in information
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Combining machine vision and bayesian generalization on concept hierarchies. In NIPS, 2013. 8
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web-image priors. In CVPR, 2013.
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[26] G. Kim, L. Sigal, and E. P. Xing. Joint summarization of large-scale collections of web
images and videos for storyline reconstruction. In CVPR, 2014. 2
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multilabel images. TOMCCAP, 10(2),2014. 2
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