New Fifth Generation Tunable Multi-Channel LED light source for sensor testing and calibration based on over 16 years of scientific light emitting diode engineering application experience
For effective implementation of Software Defined
Radio (SDR) in any RF application, a proper choice of data
converter is an essential requirement. This paper describes the
requirement of data converters in SDR, their key specificati
ons that impact the SDR performance and a comparison of
various data converters from leading vendors, which are
suitable in an SDR application.
Specific innovative semi-transparent solar cell for indoor and outdoor LiFi a...Nam Yong Kim
This document discusses using semi-transparent solar cells as light-fidelity (LiFi) receivers. Two types of solar cells were tested - a copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) module and an amorphous silicon (a-Si) module. Testing showed the CIGS module performed better for weak LiFi signals, while the a-Si module could receive high LiFi signals up to 270,000 lux. Additionally, the a-Si module's signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and data rate increased with ambient lighting levels, an unexpected result that makes it suitable for combined indoor and outdoor LiFi applications.
The document discusses beamforming antennas and their applications. It begins by outlining beamforming concepts and configurations like phased arrays and adaptive arrays. It then discusses applications of beamforming antennas in areas like radar, sonar, communications and imaging. Specific examples covered include phased array radar, neuronal spike sorting, and smart antenna systems for wireless networks. Vector antennas and their advantages over phased arrays are also summarized. Finally, the document discusses potential uses and challenges of beamforming antennas for wireless ad hoc networks.
Evaluation of remote sensing satellite ground station performance in prbs localIAEME Publication
This document discusses performance testing of remote sensing satellite ground station receive chains. It describes conducting pseudorandom binary sequence (PRBS) local loop tests to validate the downlink chain from antenna to data systems. PRBS data is simulated and up/down converted through the chain, with the bit error rate (BER) checked at the output. If BER is less than 1 error per million bits, the chain is considered qualified. It also describes conducting bore sight tests by transmitting signals from a far field location to simulate satellite downlinks. These tests help identify and resolve issues before actual satellite passes to avoid data losses.
IRJET- A Digital Down Converter on Zynq SoCIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and implementation of a digital down converter (DDC) on a Zynq System on Chip (SoC). Key points:
- The DDC is designed for airborne radar receivers to downconvert high sample rate digitized signals to a lower frequency for easier processing.
- The DDC implementation includes a direct digital synthesizer to generate input signals, complex multiplication for mixing, and a two-stage decimation and filtering process.
- The design is implemented on a Zynq SoC which provides the flexibility of a processor and programmability of an FPGA.
- Results show the DDC design achieves significant improvements in resource utilization compared to a full
A digital revisitation_of_analog_beamforming_techniques - aiaaicssc2013_lisiMarco Lisi
This document discusses analog and digital beamforming techniques for antenna arrays. It describes how several analog beamforming network architectures were developed historically, while more recent approaches use digital beamforming to achieve higher flexibility. Some analog topologies can be translated to digital implementations with complexity reductions by exploiting symmetries. The document provides examples of analog beamforming networks and discusses advantages of digital beamforming networks inspired by analog designs.
FPGA Implementation of Optimized CIC Filter for Sample Rate Conversion in Sof...idescitation
A software radio receiver is one which is tuned to
receive a transmitted signal on multiple communication
standards through software rather than hardware. To
incorporate multi-standard radio communications an
intermediate frequency of high ranges is used. Such high
intermediate frequencies when sampled with Nyquist rate
gets oversampled due to the phenomenon of Band Pass
sampling depending on the radio communication standard.
Hence a digital down converter (DDC) capable of reducing
the sampling rate in accordance with the radio communication
standard is required. Cascaded Integrated Comb (CIC) filters
are used for large sample rate conversion factors. In this paper
an optimized architecture for DDC employing CORDIC in
the mixer stage and the reconfigurable decimation factors for
CIC filters has been implemented. Optimized implementation
of CIC filter for sample rate conversion of multi-standard
radio communications reduces the hardware resources by more
than twenty percent when compared with the non-optimized
architecture.
A 15 bit third order power optimized continuous time sigma delta modulator fo...eSAT Publishing House
1) The document describes the design of a 15-bit third order power optimized continuous time sigma-delta modulator for audio applications.
2) Key components include a clamped push-pull comparator to drive large capacitive loads and implementation in a 180nm CMOS technology.
3) Sigma-delta modulation is discussed as useful for analog to digital conversion in applications that can tolerate offset and gain errors, with higher order modulators allowing for lower sampling rates and power consumption.
For effective implementation of Software Defined
Radio (SDR) in any RF application, a proper choice of data
converter is an essential requirement. This paper describes the
requirement of data converters in SDR, their key specificati
ons that impact the SDR performance and a comparison of
various data converters from leading vendors, which are
suitable in an SDR application.
Specific innovative semi-transparent solar cell for indoor and outdoor LiFi a...Nam Yong Kim
This document discusses using semi-transparent solar cells as light-fidelity (LiFi) receivers. Two types of solar cells were tested - a copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) module and an amorphous silicon (a-Si) module. Testing showed the CIGS module performed better for weak LiFi signals, while the a-Si module could receive high LiFi signals up to 270,000 lux. Additionally, the a-Si module's signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and data rate increased with ambient lighting levels, an unexpected result that makes it suitable for combined indoor and outdoor LiFi applications.
The document discusses beamforming antennas and their applications. It begins by outlining beamforming concepts and configurations like phased arrays and adaptive arrays. It then discusses applications of beamforming antennas in areas like radar, sonar, communications and imaging. Specific examples covered include phased array radar, neuronal spike sorting, and smart antenna systems for wireless networks. Vector antennas and their advantages over phased arrays are also summarized. Finally, the document discusses potential uses and challenges of beamforming antennas for wireless ad hoc networks.
Evaluation of remote sensing satellite ground station performance in prbs localIAEME Publication
This document discusses performance testing of remote sensing satellite ground station receive chains. It describes conducting pseudorandom binary sequence (PRBS) local loop tests to validate the downlink chain from antenna to data systems. PRBS data is simulated and up/down converted through the chain, with the bit error rate (BER) checked at the output. If BER is less than 1 error per million bits, the chain is considered qualified. It also describes conducting bore sight tests by transmitting signals from a far field location to simulate satellite downlinks. These tests help identify and resolve issues before actual satellite passes to avoid data losses.
IRJET- A Digital Down Converter on Zynq SoCIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and implementation of a digital down converter (DDC) on a Zynq System on Chip (SoC). Key points:
- The DDC is designed for airborne radar receivers to downconvert high sample rate digitized signals to a lower frequency for easier processing.
- The DDC implementation includes a direct digital synthesizer to generate input signals, complex multiplication for mixing, and a two-stage decimation and filtering process.
- The design is implemented on a Zynq SoC which provides the flexibility of a processor and programmability of an FPGA.
- Results show the DDC design achieves significant improvements in resource utilization compared to a full
A digital revisitation_of_analog_beamforming_techniques - aiaaicssc2013_lisiMarco Lisi
This document discusses analog and digital beamforming techniques for antenna arrays. It describes how several analog beamforming network architectures were developed historically, while more recent approaches use digital beamforming to achieve higher flexibility. Some analog topologies can be translated to digital implementations with complexity reductions by exploiting symmetries. The document provides examples of analog beamforming networks and discusses advantages of digital beamforming networks inspired by analog designs.
FPGA Implementation of Optimized CIC Filter for Sample Rate Conversion in Sof...idescitation
A software radio receiver is one which is tuned to
receive a transmitted signal on multiple communication
standards through software rather than hardware. To
incorporate multi-standard radio communications an
intermediate frequency of high ranges is used. Such high
intermediate frequencies when sampled with Nyquist rate
gets oversampled due to the phenomenon of Band Pass
sampling depending on the radio communication standard.
Hence a digital down converter (DDC) capable of reducing
the sampling rate in accordance with the radio communication
standard is required. Cascaded Integrated Comb (CIC) filters
are used for large sample rate conversion factors. In this paper
an optimized architecture for DDC employing CORDIC in
the mixer stage and the reconfigurable decimation factors for
CIC filters has been implemented. Optimized implementation
of CIC filter for sample rate conversion of multi-standard
radio communications reduces the hardware resources by more
than twenty percent when compared with the non-optimized
architecture.
A 15 bit third order power optimized continuous time sigma delta modulator fo...eSAT Publishing House
1) The document describes the design of a 15-bit third order power optimized continuous time sigma-delta modulator for audio applications.
2) Key components include a clamped push-pull comparator to drive large capacitive loads and implementation in a 180nm CMOS technology.
3) Sigma-delta modulation is discussed as useful for analog to digital conversion in applications that can tolerate offset and gain errors, with higher order modulators allowing for lower sampling rates and power consumption.
ACTIVE NOISE CONTROL by means of an adaptive filter that filters out white gaussian noise from a single tone sine wave.
LMS Algorithm is used to change the filter weights of the Adaptive filter. The project has been implemented in Matlab.
This document discusses using an adaptive filter for noise cancellation in a laboratory duct. It aims to design and implement an active noise control system using a feedforward topology with an adaptive filter. Active noise control introduces a secondary anti-noise source to destructively interfere with and cancel primary noise. Adaptive filters automatically adjust their filter coefficients using algorithms like the least mean squares algorithm to optimize noise cancellation in response to changing environments. The proposed approach would implement this active noise cancellation system using a laboratory duct model and an adaptive filtered-X algorithm.
The device combines a smoke, temperature, and carbon monoxide detector with a wireless signal repeater to provide WiFi coverage throughout a home. Sensors continuously monitor for hazards and send data to a microprocessor, which determines if an alarm needs to be triggered. If a hazard is detected, real-time alerts are sent to users. The repeater functions use multiple WLAN devices and software to bridge the home network and provide WiFi access anywhere the device is installed. An antenna was designed to be integrated into the device and provide omni-directional WiFi coverage like an external whip antenna.
RF Survey is done to collect data from a site to install a new cell site. It checks the practicality of the site for coverage and connectivity. The survey results in network changes like adding or modifying sites and equipment.
A site survey should be well-planned. Important steps include analyzing the area using maps and photos beforehand and bringing printed materials. Tools used include a GPS, laser distance meter, digital camera, and magnetic compass. Photos are taken of the proposed location from all angles and of nearby buildings. A map is drawn of the 20m area around the site labeling buildings and roads. This helps evaluate the site for antenna height, orientation, tilt and obstacles.
This document summarizes the design optimization aspects of a reflector-based synthetic aperture radar (SAR) system. It describes the system architecture and operation, and discusses performance optimization through techniques like beamforming in elevation and azimuth. Key parameters like range and azimuth ambiguity, noise-equivalent sigma zero, and pulse extension loss are analyzed. Digital beamforming methods like SCORE, time-varying weights, and FIR filtering can improve antenna gain, SNR, and ambiguity suppression. Reflector SAR shows potential for high-resolution wide-swath imaging using these optimization techniques.
Implementation of Wide Band Frequency Synthesizer Base on DFS (Digital Frequ...IJMER
Wide Band Frequency Synthesizer has become essential components in wireless communication
systems. They are used as frequency synthesizers with precise and convenient digital control in both traditional
electronics, such as televisions and AM/FM radios, and modern consumer products among which cellular
mobile phone is a striking example.
IC fabrication technology advances have made monolithic integration possible. More and more
electronic devices can be put on the same chip to reduce the number of external components and then the costs.
Therefore, on a single chip we can accomplish many functions for which we might need to make several chips
work together a few years ago. A monolithic wide-band PLL is of great interests to wireless communication
applications due to both its low cost and convenience to switch between different communication standards.
The focus of this work is to implement a wide-band Frequency Synthesizer using as few as possible building
blocks and also as simple as possible structure.
ACTIVE NOISE CANCELLATION IN A LABORATORY DUCT USING FUZZY LOGIC AND NEURAL ...Rishikesh .
The main goal of this paper is to present a simulation scheme to simulate an adaptive filter using LMS (Least mean square) adaptive algorithm for noise cancellation. The main objective of the noise cancellation is to estimate the noise signal and to subtract it from original input signal plus noise signal and hence to obtain the noise free signal. There is an alternative method called adaptive noise cancellation for estimating a speech signal corrupted by an additive noise or interference. This method uses a primary input signal that contains the speech signal and a reference input containing noise. The reference input is adaptively filtered and subtracted from the primary input signal to obtain the estimated signal. In this method the desired signal corrupted by an additive noise can be recovered by an adaptive noise canceller using LMS (least mean square) algorithm. This adaptive noise canceller is useful to improve the S/N ratio. Here we estimate the adaptive filter using Labview /MATLAB/SIMULINK environment . For achieving the goal we also use modern algorithms like ANFIS, FIS and Neural Network and compare the PSD of all the algorithms.
Introduction to Software Defined Radio (SDR)Pamela O'Shea
For less than $20 anyone can listen to the airwaves! In this workshop, we will look at what is around us in the airwaves, including frequency scanning, pagers, airplanes, remote controls and more. Please see associated worksheet for the exercises.
UHF/VHFEnergy Harvesting Radio System Physical and MAC Layer Considerationxiaohuzhang
This is my defence slides. There are three parts been talked :
(1) Background and challenges on wireless sensor networks and nodes;
(2) Solutions for the challenges of wireless sensor nodes;
(3) Summary and future research directions.
This session combines the high speed analog signal chain from RF to baseband with FPGA-based digital signal processing for wireless communications. Topics include the high speed analog signal chain, direct conversion radio architecture, the high speed data converter interface, and FPGA-based digital signal processing for software-defined radio. Demonstrations use the latest generation Analog Devices’ high speed data converters, RF, and clocking devices, along with the Xilinx Zynq-7000 SoC. Other topics of discussion include the imperfections introduced by the modulator/ demodulator with particular focus on the effect of temperature and frequency changes. In-factory and in-field algorithms that reduce the effect of these imperfections, with particular emphasis on the efficacy of in-factory set-and-forget algorithms, are examined.
This document discusses antenna requirements and solutions for software defined radio and cognitive radio. It covers issues like bandwidth extension and discusses reconfigurable antenna designs that can change performance characteristics through mechanisms like altering current flow, movable parts, or diodes. Specific antenna designs discussed include Vivaldi antennas, which are simple broadband planar antennas, and challenges with technologies like A/D conversion and filtering for wide bandwidths. Cognitive radio architecture and antenna requirements for applications like mobile handsets and fixed infrastructure are also summarized.
Digital Implementation of Costas Loop with Carrier RecoveryIJERD Editor
Demodulator circuit is a basic building block of wireless communication. Digital implementation of
demodulator is attracting more attention for the significant advantages of digital systems than analog systems.
The carrier signal extraction is the main problem in synchronous demodulation in design of demodulator based
on Software Defined Radio. When transmitter or receiver in motion, it is difficult for demodulator to generate
carrier signal same in frequency and phase as transmitter carrier signal due to Doppler shift and Doppler rate.
Here the digital implementation of Costas loop for QPSK demodulation in continuous mode is discussed with
carrier recovery using phase locked loop.
The document provides technical specifications for the CMA5000a OSA optical spectrum analyzer module. It describes the module's key features such as its wide spectral range, high wavelength and power accuracy, excellent polarization dependent loss, and high optical rejection ratio. It also details the module's applications in characterizing EDFA amplifiers and selectively dropping individual wavelengths for further analysis using tunable filters. The document compares the performance of the OSA 425 and OSA 400 modules.
Hector Tosado is implementing a software defined radio using a Universal Software Radio Peripheral (USRP) device controlled through GNU Radio software. He has built a basic spectrum analyzer to characterize the radio environment and detect available communication channels. Current work involves improving the spectrum analyzer and creating a testbed in the ISM band to research more efficient spectrum access methods using machine learning techniques. Future work will apply these methods to achieve a low complexity cognitive radio.
This document summarizes a student project on signal processing using a Pluto-SDR hardware platform and GNU Radio Companion software. It introduces software defined radio (SDR) and discusses implementing basic digital modulation schemes like AM and FM. Experiments were conducted transmitting test signals, taking FFTs and waterfall plots of received signals, and building an FM receiver flowgraph. The document concludes SDR concepts were demonstrated practically using the Pluto-SDR and GRC helps learn communication system theories.
This document provides an overview of software-defined radio (SDR), including its definition, history, advantages, technical overview, and architecture. SDR is defined as a radio system where components typically implemented in hardware, such as mixers and filters, are instead implemented through software. The term was coined in 1991, with an early military project in 1992. SDR provides advantages like complete digital baseband processing and faster software prototyping. Its technical overview describes ideal SDR components and practical implementations using digital signal processing and field-programmable gate arrays.
This document discusses using a Pluto-SDR device with GNU Radio Companion software to implement basic digital signal processing and modulation schemes. It describes how software defined radio works by implementing hardware processes in software. Simple modulation schemes like AM and FM were tested using the Pluto-SDR with GNU Radio and an oscilloscope tool to view the output signals. Cyclic sine waves, AM modulation, and an FM receiver were implemented as examples. The goal was to learn the concepts of software defined radio in a practical way using open source tools.
This document summarizes research on using DVB-T signals for passive radar ship detection. DVB-T signals provide a large bandwidth and wide coverage suitable for passive radar. Preliminary experiments using a USRP software defined radio were able to detect ships up to 5 nautical miles away departing from a nearby harbor based on the Doppler frequency shifts measured. Future work aims to conduct experiments with cooperative targets and improve the system's range resolution and processing algorithms.
This document discusses software defined radio (SDR) technology. SDR uses software modules running on generic hardware like DSPs and microprocessors to implement radio functions rather than using dedicated hardware components. This allows radios to have their functionality redefined or upgraded through changes to its software. The document outlines the architecture of SDR systems and provides examples of SDR applications in areas like public safety, military uses, and commercial devices. It also discusses benefits such as flexibility and interoperability as well as challenges related to hardware limitations and software complexity. The future scope of SDR is seen to include adaptive radios and cognitive radios that can dynamically change their transmission behavior.
The document describes a multi-channel receiver platform for electronic beamforming and direction finding. The platform uses a set of wideband active antenna elements connected to an antenna signal processor and frequency extension front-end tuners. The signals are digitized with a wide-bandwidth converter and processed using a digital signal processor. The platform supports up to eight input channels operating between 20-3000 MHz that can be selected and combined for beamforming and direction-of-arrival estimation.
As the inventors of the first high-performance, computer-controlled LED spectroradiometers, Gamma Scientific has continued to set the standard in spectroradiometer accuracy and reliability.
RadOMA spectroradiometers are trusted by the world’s leading organizations to provide accurate measurements.
RadOMA spectroradiometers feature a proprietary optical design and back thinned CCD technology that provides exceptional low-light measurements, superior blue light sensitivity and highly accurate measurements of wavelength, color and power.
Freedom in Lighting Design by Tuning the CCT with LEDs, LpS 2015, BregenzWojtek Cieplik
This document summarizes a presentation on modern methods for tuning CCT and LED wavelengths for lighting applications. It discusses how LED technology is enabling a paradigm shift towards human-centric lighting that can promote well-being by mimicking natural light. Modern multi-color LED systems provide more degrees of freedom to precisely tune color qualities like CCT, CRI and spectral power distribution. Key challenges remain in developing integrated solutions that provide high color quality, dynamic control, low cost and simplicity for the user. Continued advances in LED technology are helping to realize the vision of human-centric lighting.
ACTIVE NOISE CONTROL by means of an adaptive filter that filters out white gaussian noise from a single tone sine wave.
LMS Algorithm is used to change the filter weights of the Adaptive filter. The project has been implemented in Matlab.
This document discusses using an adaptive filter for noise cancellation in a laboratory duct. It aims to design and implement an active noise control system using a feedforward topology with an adaptive filter. Active noise control introduces a secondary anti-noise source to destructively interfere with and cancel primary noise. Adaptive filters automatically adjust their filter coefficients using algorithms like the least mean squares algorithm to optimize noise cancellation in response to changing environments. The proposed approach would implement this active noise cancellation system using a laboratory duct model and an adaptive filtered-X algorithm.
The device combines a smoke, temperature, and carbon monoxide detector with a wireless signal repeater to provide WiFi coverage throughout a home. Sensors continuously monitor for hazards and send data to a microprocessor, which determines if an alarm needs to be triggered. If a hazard is detected, real-time alerts are sent to users. The repeater functions use multiple WLAN devices and software to bridge the home network and provide WiFi access anywhere the device is installed. An antenna was designed to be integrated into the device and provide omni-directional WiFi coverage like an external whip antenna.
RF Survey is done to collect data from a site to install a new cell site. It checks the practicality of the site for coverage and connectivity. The survey results in network changes like adding or modifying sites and equipment.
A site survey should be well-planned. Important steps include analyzing the area using maps and photos beforehand and bringing printed materials. Tools used include a GPS, laser distance meter, digital camera, and magnetic compass. Photos are taken of the proposed location from all angles and of nearby buildings. A map is drawn of the 20m area around the site labeling buildings and roads. This helps evaluate the site for antenna height, orientation, tilt and obstacles.
This document summarizes the design optimization aspects of a reflector-based synthetic aperture radar (SAR) system. It describes the system architecture and operation, and discusses performance optimization through techniques like beamforming in elevation and azimuth. Key parameters like range and azimuth ambiguity, noise-equivalent sigma zero, and pulse extension loss are analyzed. Digital beamforming methods like SCORE, time-varying weights, and FIR filtering can improve antenna gain, SNR, and ambiguity suppression. Reflector SAR shows potential for high-resolution wide-swath imaging using these optimization techniques.
Implementation of Wide Band Frequency Synthesizer Base on DFS (Digital Frequ...IJMER
Wide Band Frequency Synthesizer has become essential components in wireless communication
systems. They are used as frequency synthesizers with precise and convenient digital control in both traditional
electronics, such as televisions and AM/FM radios, and modern consumer products among which cellular
mobile phone is a striking example.
IC fabrication technology advances have made monolithic integration possible. More and more
electronic devices can be put on the same chip to reduce the number of external components and then the costs.
Therefore, on a single chip we can accomplish many functions for which we might need to make several chips
work together a few years ago. A monolithic wide-band PLL is of great interests to wireless communication
applications due to both its low cost and convenience to switch between different communication standards.
The focus of this work is to implement a wide-band Frequency Synthesizer using as few as possible building
blocks and also as simple as possible structure.
ACTIVE NOISE CANCELLATION IN A LABORATORY DUCT USING FUZZY LOGIC AND NEURAL ...Rishikesh .
The main goal of this paper is to present a simulation scheme to simulate an adaptive filter using LMS (Least mean square) adaptive algorithm for noise cancellation. The main objective of the noise cancellation is to estimate the noise signal and to subtract it from original input signal plus noise signal and hence to obtain the noise free signal. There is an alternative method called adaptive noise cancellation for estimating a speech signal corrupted by an additive noise or interference. This method uses a primary input signal that contains the speech signal and a reference input containing noise. The reference input is adaptively filtered and subtracted from the primary input signal to obtain the estimated signal. In this method the desired signal corrupted by an additive noise can be recovered by an adaptive noise canceller using LMS (least mean square) algorithm. This adaptive noise canceller is useful to improve the S/N ratio. Here we estimate the adaptive filter using Labview /MATLAB/SIMULINK environment . For achieving the goal we also use modern algorithms like ANFIS, FIS and Neural Network and compare the PSD of all the algorithms.
Introduction to Software Defined Radio (SDR)Pamela O'Shea
For less than $20 anyone can listen to the airwaves! In this workshop, we will look at what is around us in the airwaves, including frequency scanning, pagers, airplanes, remote controls and more. Please see associated worksheet for the exercises.
UHF/VHFEnergy Harvesting Radio System Physical and MAC Layer Considerationxiaohuzhang
This is my defence slides. There are three parts been talked :
(1) Background and challenges on wireless sensor networks and nodes;
(2) Solutions for the challenges of wireless sensor nodes;
(3) Summary and future research directions.
This session combines the high speed analog signal chain from RF to baseband with FPGA-based digital signal processing for wireless communications. Topics include the high speed analog signal chain, direct conversion radio architecture, the high speed data converter interface, and FPGA-based digital signal processing for software-defined radio. Demonstrations use the latest generation Analog Devices’ high speed data converters, RF, and clocking devices, along with the Xilinx Zynq-7000 SoC. Other topics of discussion include the imperfections introduced by the modulator/ demodulator with particular focus on the effect of temperature and frequency changes. In-factory and in-field algorithms that reduce the effect of these imperfections, with particular emphasis on the efficacy of in-factory set-and-forget algorithms, are examined.
This document discusses antenna requirements and solutions for software defined radio and cognitive radio. It covers issues like bandwidth extension and discusses reconfigurable antenna designs that can change performance characteristics through mechanisms like altering current flow, movable parts, or diodes. Specific antenna designs discussed include Vivaldi antennas, which are simple broadband planar antennas, and challenges with technologies like A/D conversion and filtering for wide bandwidths. Cognitive radio architecture and antenna requirements for applications like mobile handsets and fixed infrastructure are also summarized.
Digital Implementation of Costas Loop with Carrier RecoveryIJERD Editor
Demodulator circuit is a basic building block of wireless communication. Digital implementation of
demodulator is attracting more attention for the significant advantages of digital systems than analog systems.
The carrier signal extraction is the main problem in synchronous demodulation in design of demodulator based
on Software Defined Radio. When transmitter or receiver in motion, it is difficult for demodulator to generate
carrier signal same in frequency and phase as transmitter carrier signal due to Doppler shift and Doppler rate.
Here the digital implementation of Costas loop for QPSK demodulation in continuous mode is discussed with
carrier recovery using phase locked loop.
The document provides technical specifications for the CMA5000a OSA optical spectrum analyzer module. It describes the module's key features such as its wide spectral range, high wavelength and power accuracy, excellent polarization dependent loss, and high optical rejection ratio. It also details the module's applications in characterizing EDFA amplifiers and selectively dropping individual wavelengths for further analysis using tunable filters. The document compares the performance of the OSA 425 and OSA 400 modules.
Hector Tosado is implementing a software defined radio using a Universal Software Radio Peripheral (USRP) device controlled through GNU Radio software. He has built a basic spectrum analyzer to characterize the radio environment and detect available communication channels. Current work involves improving the spectrum analyzer and creating a testbed in the ISM band to research more efficient spectrum access methods using machine learning techniques. Future work will apply these methods to achieve a low complexity cognitive radio.
This document summarizes a student project on signal processing using a Pluto-SDR hardware platform and GNU Radio Companion software. It introduces software defined radio (SDR) and discusses implementing basic digital modulation schemes like AM and FM. Experiments were conducted transmitting test signals, taking FFTs and waterfall plots of received signals, and building an FM receiver flowgraph. The document concludes SDR concepts were demonstrated practically using the Pluto-SDR and GRC helps learn communication system theories.
This document provides an overview of software-defined radio (SDR), including its definition, history, advantages, technical overview, and architecture. SDR is defined as a radio system where components typically implemented in hardware, such as mixers and filters, are instead implemented through software. The term was coined in 1991, with an early military project in 1992. SDR provides advantages like complete digital baseband processing and faster software prototyping. Its technical overview describes ideal SDR components and practical implementations using digital signal processing and field-programmable gate arrays.
This document discusses using a Pluto-SDR device with GNU Radio Companion software to implement basic digital signal processing and modulation schemes. It describes how software defined radio works by implementing hardware processes in software. Simple modulation schemes like AM and FM were tested using the Pluto-SDR with GNU Radio and an oscilloscope tool to view the output signals. Cyclic sine waves, AM modulation, and an FM receiver were implemented as examples. The goal was to learn the concepts of software defined radio in a practical way using open source tools.
This document summarizes research on using DVB-T signals for passive radar ship detection. DVB-T signals provide a large bandwidth and wide coverage suitable for passive radar. Preliminary experiments using a USRP software defined radio were able to detect ships up to 5 nautical miles away departing from a nearby harbor based on the Doppler frequency shifts measured. Future work aims to conduct experiments with cooperative targets and improve the system's range resolution and processing algorithms.
This document discusses software defined radio (SDR) technology. SDR uses software modules running on generic hardware like DSPs and microprocessors to implement radio functions rather than using dedicated hardware components. This allows radios to have their functionality redefined or upgraded through changes to its software. The document outlines the architecture of SDR systems and provides examples of SDR applications in areas like public safety, military uses, and commercial devices. It also discusses benefits such as flexibility and interoperability as well as challenges related to hardware limitations and software complexity. The future scope of SDR is seen to include adaptive radios and cognitive radios that can dynamically change their transmission behavior.
The document describes a multi-channel receiver platform for electronic beamforming and direction finding. The platform uses a set of wideband active antenna elements connected to an antenna signal processor and frequency extension front-end tuners. The signals are digitized with a wide-bandwidth converter and processed using a digital signal processor. The platform supports up to eight input channels operating between 20-3000 MHz that can be selected and combined for beamforming and direction-of-arrival estimation.
As the inventors of the first high-performance, computer-controlled LED spectroradiometers, Gamma Scientific has continued to set the standard in spectroradiometer accuracy and reliability.
RadOMA spectroradiometers are trusted by the world’s leading organizations to provide accurate measurements.
RadOMA spectroradiometers feature a proprietary optical design and back thinned CCD technology that provides exceptional low-light measurements, superior blue light sensitivity and highly accurate measurements of wavelength, color and power.
Freedom in Lighting Design by Tuning the CCT with LEDs, LpS 2015, BregenzWojtek Cieplik
This document summarizes a presentation on modern methods for tuning CCT and LED wavelengths for lighting applications. It discusses how LED technology is enabling a paradigm shift towards human-centric lighting that can promote well-being by mimicking natural light. Modern multi-color LED systems provide more degrees of freedom to precisely tune color qualities like CCT, CRI and spectral power distribution. Key challenges remain in developing integrated solutions that provide high color quality, dynamic control, low cost and simplicity for the user. Continued advances in LED technology are helping to realize the vision of human-centric lighting.
This document summarizes the products and services of Discovery Semiconductors, a leading supplier of optical receivers, test instruments, and subsystems. It provides an overview of the company, including that it was established in 1993 and is privately owned. It then describes the company's facility and clean room. The document also highlights the company's space flight experience with NASA and lists its product lines, which include high-speed photodiodes, balanced photoreceivers, 2-micron photodiodes, and wideband RF amplifiers. Performance characteristics and applications are summarized for several products.
Efficient signal acquisition in multi channel neural systemsAshwath Krishnan
This document summarizes a research paper on developing an efficient multi-channel neural recording system. The system aims to integrate neural recording devices, rapid data analysis to detect seizure onsets, and signal injection to mitigate seizures into an implantable system. Key challenges addressed include scalability, safety standards, power limitations, and noise. The proposed system uses a low-power, low-noise amplifier and second-order delta-sigma ADC per channel, along with a digital FIR filter. Testing showed the system achieves 12% better noise efficiency than prior work, addressing scalability challenges across power, area, and noise.
This document provides an overview of imaging and microscopy products offered by LOT-QuantumDesign GmbH including near infrared and infrared cameras, high-speed cameras, pulse thermography systems, Phenom desktop scanning electron microscopes, sputter coaters, sample management for in-situ TEM, hyperspectral imaging systems, large format CCD and CMOS cameras, and physical imaging cameras from Andor Technology. It also describes light sources, photovoltaics testing equipment, laser diagnostics and modulation tools, power meters, and particle size analyzers. Finally, it lists cryogenic equipment like the Physical Property Measurement System (PPMS), PPMS-DynaCool, helium liquefiers, and the Magnetic Property Measurement System
This document is Patrick Mead's design portfolio, which includes summaries of his PCB designs, chip designs, and training. It contains sections on FR4 boards, ceramic boards, chip designs, and summaries of his training including a Bachelor's degree in electronics engineering technology and various software certifications.
This document discusses opportunities in the medical electronics market and TI's products to enable medical imaging and patient monitoring. The aging population and rising healthcare costs are driving growth in medical device spending. TI offers analog and digital chips for applications like ultrasound, MRI, CT and more. Their portfolio includes integrated analog front ends, DSPs, and application processors to enable portable, higher performance medical imaging and monitoring devices.
Digital Detectors for Industrial Applications-Nityanand GopalikaNityanand Gopalika
Digital radiography using amorphous silicon (a-Si) flat panel detectors provides benefits over film radiography such as faster inspection times, reduced costs, and improved image quality. Key metrics for evaluating image quality are the detective quantum efficiency (DQE), which measures the signal-to-noise ratio performance of the detector, and the modulation transfer function (MTF), which measures spatial resolution. While a high MTF is desirable, a detector's DQE is more important, as it quantifies the ability to produce high quality images using lower radiation doses. Performance studies show that a-Si flat panel detectors can achieve quantum limited noise performance, wide dynamic ranges, high spatial resolution, and 2-1 sensitivity over a range of
This document provides an overview of computed radiography (CR), a type of digital radiography. CR uses reusable imaging plates coated with photostimulable phosphor instead of film. When exposed to x-rays, the plate stores a latent image. A scanner then reads the plate with a laser, causing the phosphor to release visible light photons. A photomultiplier tube converts the light into electrical signals representing the image. CR offers benefits over film such as wider exposure latitude, immediate digital images, and reusability of plates. The document also discusses pixel size, gray scale, spatial resolution, contrast resolution, and file size as key performance parameters of digital images.
Barry Smith has over 30 years of experience in analog and digital circuit design. He is seeking a position in engineering design or hands-on management. He has experience designing circuits for applications such as cameras, power supplies, and test equipment. Notable designs include circuit boards for hyperspectral cameras and a portable FTIR instrument.
Dewesoft is designing and manufacturing versatile and easy-to-use data acquisition systems. The products are the ultimate tools for every test and measurement engineer. The presentation includes products for automotive, aerospace, energy, civil engineering, industrial and heavy machinery.
The document describes the design of a free space optical link. It begins with an overview of what free space optical communication is and its advantages over other wired technologies. It then discusses the basic components of an FSO link including the transmitter, receiver, and transceiver implementation. The transmitter section focuses on the laser diode source and driver circuitry. The receiver section covers the photodetector, preamplifier, and decision circuitry. Lastly, it discusses modeling the FSO channel and the factors that can impact signal propagation through the atmosphere.
This document discusses software defined radios (SDR) and challenges in testing SDR systems. SDRs use reconfigurable hardware and software to support different wireless functions and standards. Testing SDRs is challenging due to the mixed-signal nature and potential for impairments throughout the system. Software defined instruments on a PXI platform can test multiple standards using one hardware configuration by changing software. MaxEye Technologies provides SDR test and measurement solutions using National Instruments hardware and LabVIEW to generate and analyze signals for various digital video standards.
The document discusses a multi-angle irradiation line light called the LNMA-250R that is used for inspecting mobile phone glass. It provides uniform illumination from different angles, allowing cameras to capture clear, high-contrast images of defects without spots or glare. It has efficient heat dissipation to work continuously for long periods without brightness changes. The light can inspect various defects on phone glasses and other electronics.
This document provides information about Frequency Sources from Spectrum Microwave. It discusses Spectrum Microwave's 30 years of experience in design and manufacturing, their facilities acquired over time, and their family of businesses. It then provides details on their product line of frequency sources including phase locked oscillators, dielectric resonator oscillators, and synthesizers. It discusses features, testing procedures, and reliability.
The GR-820 is an advanced airborne gamma-ray spectrometer system that combines detector gain control and spectrometer functions into a single compact unit. It utilizes state-of-the-art signal processing to provide accurate analysis with ease of use. The system features automatic gain control for each detector crystal, high-resolution spectral analysis, and flexible output capabilities. It provides a fully integrated solution optimized for multi-detector airborne gamma-ray spectroscopy applications.
The document details how to construct a low-cost weather satellite receiving station using software-defined radio (SDR) technology. It discusses several SDR options for receiving signals, including the USRP from Ettus Research which is high performance but expensive, the FUNcube Dongle Pro+ which is designed for hobbyists, and RTL2832U chipset-based digital TV tuners which can receive across a wide frequency range for only £15. The document provides information on setting up this low-cost weather satellite reception system using consumer radio hardware and open-source software.
Computed radiography (CR) uses phosphor plates instead of film to capture x-rays, producing a digital image. The plate is scanned with a laser, releasing electrons trapped during exposure. The electrons emit light detected by a photomultiplier tube and converted to a digital image. CR offers advantages over film like a wide exposure latitude, reusable plates, and faster digital images. The digital files can be stored and shared using PACS and DICOM standards.
Troubleshooting Coherent Optical Communication SystemsCPqD
1) The document discusses troubleshooting of coherent optical communication systems. It covers topics such as market trends driving higher data rates, challenges in coherent measurements, and typical tests and impairments in coherent transmission systems.
2) The document outlines techniques used to maximize transmission capacity within the physical layer, including higher order modulation formats, time-domain pulse shaping, and polarization division multiplexing. It also discusses requirements for test instruments to test these advanced modulation schemes.
3) The presentation provides an overview of using arbitrary waveform generators to emulate optical distortions in the electrical domain, allowing for deterministic and precise testing with complex impairments like phase noise and polarization mode dispersion.
Similar to Tunable Multi-Channel LED light source for sensor testing and calibration (20)
Best 20 SEO Techniques To Improve Website Visibility In SERPPixlogix Infotech
Boost your website's visibility with proven SEO techniques! Our latest blog dives into essential strategies to enhance your online presence, increase traffic, and rank higher on search engines. From keyword optimization to quality content creation, learn how to make your site stand out in the crowded digital landscape. Discover actionable tips and expert insights to elevate your SEO game.
Why You Should Replace Windows 11 with Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 for enhanced perfor...SOFTTECHHUB
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Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath integration with generative AI
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Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-und-domino-lizenzkostenreduzierung-in-der-welt-von-dlau/
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2. Gamma Scientific has been
producing LED tunable light
sources for over 16 years
Digital Tunable LED Calibration Light
Source product generations:
First stable optical feedback controlled,
intensity tunable LED source with
Patented technology, RS-5, 1998
The first integrating sphere 4 color LED
tunable source in 1999
8 separate color channel tunable LED
calibration source, RS-5M in 2002
10 separate color channel RS-5B
developed in 2005
3. Gamma Scientific has been
producing LED tunable light
sources for over 16 years
Digital Tunable LED Calibration Light
Source product generations:
RS-5-93K for Agilent tester in 2005
Four RS-5B coupled to a 1 meter
sphere for vision research, 2008
RS-5H high output 8 channel CMOS
image sensor test source in 2007
Current generation RS-7 containing 35
channels and over 500 watts of LED
power.
4. Uniform Flat-Field Source for
Camera and Image Sensor
Test and Calibration
Applications:
Camera and Image Sensor
Calibration (CCD, CMOS, etc.)
Ambient Light Sensor Calibration
OEM Camera Manufacturing
Spectrum/Illuminant Simulation
Diagnostic Medical Imaging
Technical and Industrial
Photography
Cinematography
Copier/Scanner Calibration
5. Powerful Tool for
Production or R&D
Measurement Examples:
White Balance
Quantum Efficiency
Spatial Non-Uniformity
Pixel Defects
Cross Talk
Vignetting Correction
Sensitivity
Responsivity
Signal-to-Noise
Linearity
ISO Speed
Saturation Exposure
Dynamic Range
6. The SpectralLED Advantage
Simplify the calibration process
Improve accuracy
Reduce cycle time
Quickly simulate a huge variety of
traditional light sources
Select a preset CIE Illuminant or
Macbeth™ / X-RITE™ color patch in
milliseconds
Produce a Macbeth™ / X-RITE™
color patch under any CIE illuminant
Import your own spectrum
Let the internal RMS spectral fitting
find the best match instantly.
7. Highest Resolution
Tunable Light Source
35 Discrete Wavelength Channels
380 to 1000 nm range
Nearly continuous simulation of
broadband spectra
Monochromatic outputs
Linear 16-bit digital control on each
channel
Closed-loop feedback for stability
8. Extremely High Power With
Wide Dynamic Range
Over 500 Watts of LED Power
Max Radiance levels (D65) > 30,000 uW/cm2/sr
Max Luminance levels (D65) > 60,000 cd/m2
More than 3 decades of dynamic range
(spectrum dependent)
ND filter and computer controlled IRIS options
available
Standard 75mm exit port provides >97%
uniformity
9. Accuracy and Stability
ISO/IEC 17025 NVLAP Calibration Laboratory (Lab Code 200823-0)
- Ensures Superior Wavelength and Color Accuracy
Full Calibration of Each LED Channel at Multiple Drive Levels
NIST Equivalent Calibration ensures Superior Wavelength and
Color Accuracy
Pure DC Constant Current Drivers and Built-in Optical Feedback
Photodiode System – Ensure Accurate Output in Real Time
On-board Thermal Electric Cooler and Feedback for LED
Temperature Control
10. SpectralLED Synthesis Engine
Built-in RMS Spectral Fitting for Simulation of Any User Imported Target
Spectrum - blackbody, daylight, fluorescent, LED
Quickly Simulate any CIE Illuminant or Macbeth™ / X-RITE™ Color Patch
Convolve standard illuminants with color patches
Flexible Interface – GUI or serial control
Configurable – minimize RMS or ∆E
12. Standard Configurations
RS-7-1 Integrating Sphere Configuration for Radiance Geometries
RS-7-2 Baffle Tube Configuration for Irradiance Geometries
RS-7-1 Can Be Used as Irradiance Source for Small Areas
RS-7-2 Includes Modular Baffle Tube (f/1 to f/8 adjustment)
Additional Baffle Tube Segments Available
RS-7-1 RS-7-2
13. Optional Wavelength Monitor
Optional Hardware System to Measure Long
Term Wavelength Drift of Individual LED
Channels
Eliminates Need for External
Spectroradiometer at Lower Cost
Multi-Channel Photodiode Feedback for
Amplitude and Wavelength Data
Uses Internal Cal Data for Extreme Accuracy
and Repeatability (<0.1nm)
Extends Calibration Interval
Monitor Data Available to External Systems
14. Custom Configurations
Available
Fiber Optic Coupled Outputs (Easily
Adaptable for Test Systems)
Custom LED wavelengths
ND Filters or Computer Controlled IRIS
Larger Port Diameters
Higher f-number Systems
Multiple LED Engines for Higher Output