This document summarizes a presentation on plagiarism and APA citation style. The presentation covered defining plagiarism, citing sources in APA style both in-text and in the references list, and examples of citations for different media like books, websites and journal articles. It included activities for students to practice citing sources in APA format. The presenter's contact information was provided for any questions.
This guide will provide information about:
• Understanding the fundamentals of APA citations, including:
o Capitalization rules
o Author formatting
o Organizing a reference list
• APA citation examples of source types, including:
o Popular and scholarly sources
o Audiovisual media
• Tips and examples for citing online sources
• Creating parenthetical, in-text citations, including:
o Formatting parenthetical citations and block quotes
o Citing sources with multiple authors and corporate authors
This presentation was prepared for the demonstration of MLA CITATION as a resource person in the ICT Workshop conducted at the department of English, M K Bhavnagar University on 8th of November 2020.
This guide will provide information about:
• Understanding the fundamentals of APA citations, including:
o Capitalization rules
o Author formatting
o Organizing a reference list
• APA citation examples of source types, including:
o Popular and scholarly sources
o Audiovisual media
• Tips and examples for citing online sources
• Creating parenthetical, in-text citations, including:
o Formatting parenthetical citations and block quotes
o Citing sources with multiple authors and corporate authors
This presentation was prepared for the demonstration of MLA CITATION as a resource person in the ICT Workshop conducted at the department of English, M K Bhavnagar University on 8th of November 2020.
This is an instructional PowerPoint on MLA formatting geared toward middle school students. I have also split this into two presentations and added narration. See MLA Documentation Parts 1 and 2.
APA Citation
1
What is APA style?
Standardized system for giving credit to others for their contribution to your work
Is parenthetical (cited in the text)
Guidelines for headings and a reference list
2
Parenthetical, which means the citations appear in the text of your paper. Also a reference list we’ll get to later.
What is APA style?
Author’s Last Name
Year of Publication
Page Number (if a direct quote)
3
Intro: In these citation, they call for three things.
Why Should I Use APA?
Shows honesty about borrowing others’ intellectual property
Provides evidence of your research
Allows readers to locate your sources
Prevents plagiarism
Honesty=much different from hip-hop and electronic music where borrowing without giving credit is a norm. Academic norm is to explicitly give credit.
4
What kind of source do I have?
Book
Page from a Website
Academic (Peer-Reviewed) Journal
In-text Citations: Direct Quote
Example from article (Original Sentence)
“This case study showed that the dominant upper back pain decreased after the RSP decreased through application of RST by using kinesiology tape in a female sedentary worker.”
1. Authors’ names 2. Year of Publication 3. Page number
(2013)
Hwang-Bo, Lee, & Kim
discovered
“dominant upper back pain decreased after the RSP decreased through application of RST by using kinesiology tape in a female sedentary worker”
(p. 611).
Inserted authors’ names, year, and page number at beginning and end
Noticed I also cut off the first part of the sentence because it didn’t really fit with how I wanted to construct my sentence and I want to emphasize their findings.
First time we spell out all name for sources with 1-5 authors. After that, 3,4,5 authors get shortcut the second time. 6 or more authors are always abbreviated.
8
Citation at end of sentence
“dominant upper
back pain decreased after the RSP decreased
through application of RST by using kinesiology
tape in a female sedentary worker”
Researchers discovered that
(Hwang-Bo,
Lee, & Kim, 2013, p. 611).
Subsequent References
1-2 authors-----Always spell out all names
Smith (2001) said….
Smith and Jones (1980) examined…
Applicants’ expectations are outlandish (Smith, 2001).
Applicants’ expectations are outlandish (Smith and Jones, 1980).
*Note that these are paraphrases.
Subsequent References: 3-5 Authors
First Reference:
Wiley, Smith, & Jones (2015) stated most left-handers are artistic.
Most left-handers are artistic (Wiley, Smith, & Jones, 2015).
Spell out all names first mention, then use “et al.”
11
Subsequent References: 3-5 Authors
Subsequent Reference: Wiley et al. (2015) state scary movies affect left-handers more than right-handers.
Scary movies affect left-handers more than right-handers (Wiley et al., 2015).
6 or more Authors
Start with first author, then use “et al.”
Johnson et al. (2015) defend the claim that…..
No Author Named
Use short ...
Apa Format Sample
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1 CITING SOURCES FROM THE PUBLICATION MANUAL OF THE AMER.docxoswald1horne84988
1
CITING SOURCES FROM THE PUBLICATION MANUAL OF THE AMERICAN
PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION (APA) STYLE (6th Edition)
The REFERENCES page is alphabetized according to the author’s last name. Each reference usually has the
following: author, year of publication, title of book or article (Capitalize only the first word of the title, subtitle,
or proper nouns), and publication data. If the work has a digital object identifier (doi), use it. You must have a
reference for every source used in your paper. In the examples below, the references are single spaced. For your
references, be sure they are double spaced and if the citation is more than one line indent the remaining lines
by ½ an inch. If a periodical does not use volume numbers, include p. or pp. before the page numbers. This is so the
reader will understand that the numbers refer to pages. Also, don’t use a period at the end of a web address.
SOURCES REFERENCE
BOOKS
Author’s Last Name, First Name initial. (Year of publication). Title of book. City, State of
Publication: Publisher.
One author
Goldsworthy, A. (2010). How Rome fell: Death or a superpower. New Haven, CT: Yale University
Press.
Two to seven authors Fairholme, E. & Pain, W. (1924) A century of work for animals. London, England: J. Murray.
Eight or more
authors
Thatcher, J., Waddell, C., Henry, S., Swierenga, S., Urban, M., Burks... Bohman, P. (2002).
Constructing accessible web sites. Berkeley, CA: Peer Information Inc.
Editor
Gibbs, J. T., & Huang, L. N. (Eds.). (1991). Children of color: Psychological interventions with minority
youth. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
No Author Merriam-Webster’s collegiate dictionary (11th ed.). (2005). Springfield, MA: Merriam Webster.
E-BOOK
Author’s Last Name, First Name initial. (Year of publication). Title of book. Retrieved from and use
the homepage Web Address
Cohen, D.H., Stern, V. & Balaban, N. (1997). Observing and recording the behavior of young children.
Retrieved from http://www.netlibrary.com/Reader/
ESSAY OR
CHAPTER IN AN
EDITED BOOK
Author’s Last Name, First Name initial. (Year of publication). Title of essay. In Editor’s First
Name Initial Last Name (Ed.), Title of book (pages). City, State of Publication: Publisher.
Labajo, J. (2003). Body and voice: The construction of gender in flamenco. In T. Magrini (Ed.), Music
and gender: Perspectives from the Mediterranean (pp.67-86). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago
Press.
PRINT
BROCHURE
Author’s Last Name, First Name initial or Name of Organization. (Year). Brochure title
[Brochure]. City, State of Publication: Publisher.
Research and Training Center on Independent Living. (1993). Guidelines for reporting and writing
about people with disabilities [Brochure]. Lawrence, KS: Research and Training Center on
Independent Living.
ONLINE
BROCHURE
Author’s Last Name, First Name initial or Name of Organization. (Year). Brochure title
[Brochur.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptx
TSEM Spring 2017 Thompson Class 1
1. TSEM:
Plagiarism and
APA Style
Laksamee Putnam – Research &
Instruction Librarian
Slides:
http://bit.ly/tsemthompsonsp17c1
Please login to a computer and
go to this URL
4. It’s out there, why not reuse it?
ImagebyDuaneHoffmann
www.msnbc.msn.com/id/32657885
Sydell. L. (2015) Online stars feel cheated
as YouTube/Facebook battle over videos.
All Tech Considered/Morning Edition.
http://bit.ly/youtubevsfacebookvideo
Lang, J.M. (2015) Cheating inadvertently.
The Chronicle of Higher Education.
Retrieved from
http://chronicle.com/article/Cheating-
Inadvertently/229883/
Godin, S. (2014) Why I want you to steal
my ideas. ideas.ted.com Retrieved from
http://ideas.ted.com/2014/02/03/the-big-
mistake-we-all-make-about-ideas/
• What is your definition of
plagiarism?
• What makes some
plagiarism “wrong” or
“right”?
• Which was your favorite
article? Why?
5. Pre-class citation
Cite this article: http://bit.ly/RYQ2Nz
Kinlaw, C.R., Dunlap, L.L., & D’Angelo, J.A.
(2012). Relations between faculty use of
online academic resources and student class
attendance. Computers & Education, 59(2),
167-172. doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2011.12.028
8. Style Manuals
Different disciplines use different
style manuals
Social Sciences = American
Psychological Association (APA)
Humanities = MLA Handbook for
Writers of Research Papers (MLA)
9. The point is…
Acknowledge where you found the
information
Briefly identify the source
Allows others to find additional information
10. What needs to be cited?
Books
Web Pages
Magazine articles
Graphics
VHS,DVD, audio, etc.
Government reports
Statistics
Encyclopedia articles
Any source of information!
11. What needs to be cited?
Direct quotes
Ideas borrowed
Paraphrased material
12. In-text Citation needs:
Direct Quote
All authors’ last names
Year of publication
Page number
Paraphrase
All authors’ last names
Year of publication
13. Direct Quote: In-text citation
As researchers Yanovski and Yanovski (2002)
have explained, obesity was once considered
“either a moral failing or evidence of
underlying psychopathology” (p. 592).
OR
A relationship is defined as “the
interdependence between two or more
people” (Coombs, 2001, p.106).
14. Direct Quote: In-text citation
Longer than 40 words?
Indented five spaces from left margin in block
format
Usually it is better to paraphrase
15. The wrong way to paraphrase:
Failure to Cite Source
Original
“They desire, for
example, virtue and
the absence of vice, no
less really than
pleasure and the
absence of pain.”
Source: Mill, John Stuart.
“Utilitarianism.” On Liberty and Other
Essays. New York: Oxford University
Press, 1998. Quote is from page
169.
Paraphrase
People want morality
just as much as they
want happiness.
16. The wrong way to paraphrase:
Lack of Significant Rewording
Original
“To the young
American architects
who made the
pilgrimage, the most
dazzling figure of all
was Walter Gropius,
founder of the
Bauhaus School.”
Source: Wolfe, Tom. From Bauhaus to
Our House. New York: Farrar Straus
Giroux, 1981. Quote is from page 10.
Paraphrase
To young American
architects who went to
Germany, the most
dazzling figure was
Walter Gropius,
founder of the
Bauhaus School
(Wolfe, 1981).
17. In-text Citations
More than one author
Two authors
Greenfield and Savage (1990)
(Greenfield & Savage, 1990, p. 567)
Three to five authors
You must first identify all of the authors either in the signal phrase or the first
citation.
Terrace, Petitto, Sanders, and Bever (1979) believed…
(Terrace, Petitto, Sanders, & Bever, 1979)
After you have identified all, you may use “et al.”
Terrace et al. (1979) stated……
(Terrace et al., 1979)
Six or more authors
Use first authors last name and then et al.
18. In-text Citations
Organization as author
Government or other organization
Use organization name as author in signal
phrase
Use organization in parenthetical citation
The National Institute of Mental Health (2001)…
(National Institute of Mental Health, 2001)
19. Special cases
If you have more than one author with the
same last name, use the first initial in the
citation
(Smith, A., 2002)
If you have more than one work in the same
year by the same author, use letters a, b, c,
etc. to indicate correct source
(Entman, 2004a)
20. References
The in-text citation must match up with the references entry
Use the heading “References” at the top of a new page
List entries alphabetically
Author’s last name (if no author, then by organization name or
title)
Double space each entry
No extra spaces between entries
If over one line, entry should have a hanging indent
21.
22. References - Website
Create a reference for this website
Author or sponsoring organization:
Last update or Copyright date?:
Title of page:
Format if applicable:
Retrieved from:
23. References – Books
Create a reference for this book
Book authors or editors:
Last name
First letter of first name and middle initial
Date of publication:
Book Title:
Publication information:
City and state
Publisher
24. References – Journals
Create a reference for this journal article
Article author:
Last name
First letter of first name and middle initial
Date of publication:
Article title:
Periodical title:
Publication information:
Volume number and issue number (if available)
Page numbers
Digital Object Identifier number:
25. Journal Articles Extra Info
Articles retrieved from a database such as
EBSCO or PsycINFO do not need to include
database information
Articles not including a doi number should
contain the journal URL after the page
numbers such as
Retrieved from http://js.sagamorepub.com/pe
27. Citations Relay
Rules:
Only one person from each team maybe writing on
the board
No corrections until after designated writer is
finished and the judge has checked the citation
No cheating and using the built in citation creator!!!
First team to complete the citation correctly wins!
28. Round 1 – Books
Create the full APA reference for this book
http://bit.ly/round1relay
29. Round 2 – Journal Article
Create a full APA reference for this article
http://bit.ly/round2relay
30. Practice creating citations
Go here to practice more citations
http://bit.ly/1UO9ZmP
Please ask if you have questions!
Please provide feedback for the library
sessions here
http://bit.ly/TUlibraryfeedback
31. Questions?
Feel free to contact me:
Laksamee Putnam
lputnam@towson.edu
410.704.3746.
Twitter: @CookLibraryofTU
Or any reference librarian:
Visit Cook Library Reference Desk
410.704.2462.
IM – tucookchat