This document summarizes a presentation about plagiarism and APA style. The presentation covered defining plagiarism and the importance of properly citing sources. It reviewed the key components of in-text citations, including providing the authors' names and years of publication for direct quotes and paraphrases. The presentation also reviewed how to format reference list entries for different source types like books, websites, and journal articles according to APA style. Attendees were given a practice worksheet to complete citations.

1. ISTC: Plagiarism
and APA Style
Laksamee Putnam – Research &
Instruction Librarian
Slides:
http://bit.ly/istc2014splutherslides3

2. First…
 Laksamee Putnam
 lputnam@towson.edu
 Cook Library Reference:
 410.704.2462.
 IM/email
 Phone: 410.704.3746.
 Twitter: @CookLibraryofTU
 Albert S. Cook facebook profile
 Slides: http://bit.ly/istc2014splutherslides3

3. Agenda
 Class discussion
 APA citation style
 APA worksheet
 Slides: http://bit.ly/istc2014splutherslides3

4. It’s out there, why not reuse it?
ImagebyDuaneHoffmann
www.msnbc.msn.com/id/32657885
Plagiarism: Maybe it’s not so bad
(2013) On the media podcast.
http://wny.cc/1dNVisf
Webb, S. (2012, December 12).
Photographer finds artist has painted
near exact copies of his pictures…
after seeing them on sale in a gallery
for $4,000. The Daily Mail. Retrieved
from http://bit.ly/XgG1MG
• Plagiarism can come in many different forms. What
is your experience with plagiarism?
• Why is it important for you to properly cite your
sources?

5. Pre-class citation
Cite this article: http://bit.ly/RYQ2Nz
Kinlaw, C.R., Dunlap, L.L., & D’Angelo, J.A.
(2012). Relations between faculty use of
online academic resources and student
class attendance. Computers &
Education, 59(2), 167-172.
doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2011.12.028

6. APA Style
 Citations

7. APA Style
 References

8. Style Manuals
 Different disciplines use different
style manuals
 Social Sciences = American
Psychological Association (APA)
 Humanities = MLA Handbook for
Writers of Research Papers (MLA)

9. The point is…
 Acknowledge where you found the
information
 Briefly identify the source
 Allows others to find additional
information

10. What needs to be cited?
 Books
 Web Pages
 Magazine articles
 Graphics
 VHS,DVD, audio, etc.
 Government reports
 Statistics
 Encyclopedia articles
 Any source of information!

11. What needs to be cited?
 Direct quotes
 Ideas borrowed
 Paraphrased material

12. In-text Citation needs:
 Direct Quote
 All authors’ last names
 Year of publication
 Page number
 Paraphrase
 All authors’ last names
 Year of publication

13. Direct Quote: In-text citation
 Obesity was once considered “either a
moral failing or evidence of underlying
psychopathology” (Yanovski and
Yanovski, 2002, p. 592).
 A relationship is defined as “the
interdependence between two or more
people” (Coombs, 2001, p.106).

14. Direct Quote: In-text citation
 Longer than 40 words?
 Indented five spaces from left margin in
block format
 Usually it is better to paraphrase

15. Paraphrase: In-text citation
 Original
 America today has
veered too far in the
direction of formal
testing without
adequate
consideration of the
costs and limitations
of an exclusive
emphasis on that
approach.
 Paraphrase
 In the United States,
the education system
places too much
emphasis on formal
testing, overlooking the
limitations and
expenses imposed
when that assessment
strategy is employed
exclusively (Gardner,
1993).

16. Paraphrase: In-text citation
 Original
 The Republican
Convention of 1860
… is sometimes seen
as a symbol of Whig
triumph within the
party. A closer look,
however, indicates
that the Whig’s
triumph within the
party was of a very
tentative nature.”
 Paraphrase
 Contrary to many
historians, Eric Foner
(1995)argues that
the Republican
platform of 1860
should not be
understood as an
indication of Whig
dominance of the
party.

17. In-text Citations
 More than one author
 Two authors
 Greenfield and Savage (1990)
 (Greenfield & Savage, 1990, p. 567)
 Three to five authors
 You must first identify all of the authors either in the signal phrase or the
first citation.
 Terrace, Petitto, Sanders, and Bever (1979) believed…
 (Terrace, Petitto, Sanders, & Bever, 1979)
 After you have identified all, you may use “et al.”
 Terrace et al. (1979) stated……
 (Terrace et al., 1979)
 Six or more authors
 Use first authors last name and then et al.

18. In-text Citations
 Organization as author
 Government or other organization
 Use organization name as author in signal
phrase
 Use organization in parenthetical citation
 The National Institute of Mental Health
(2001)…
 (National Institute of Mental Health, 2001)

19. Special cases
 If you have more than one author with
the same last name, use the first initial in
the citation
 (Smith, A., 2002)
 If you have more than one work in the
same year by the same author, use letters
a, b, c, etc. to indicate correct source
 (Entman, 2004a)

20. References
 The in-text citation must match up with the references
entry
 Use the heading “References” at the top of a new
page
 List entries alphabetically
 Author’s last name (if no author, then by organization
name or title)
 Double space each entry
 No extra spaces between entries
 If over one line, entry should have a hanging indent

22. References - Website
 Create a reference for this website
 Author or sponsoring organization:
 Last update or Copyright date?:
 Title of page:
 Format if applicable:
 Retrieved from:

23. References - Website
 Create a reference for this website
 Author or sponsoring organization: U.S. Department of Health &
Human Services
 Last update or Copyright date?: (n.d.).
 Title of page: What is cyberbullying.
 Format if applicable:
 Retrieved from http://www.stopbullying.gov/cyberbullying/what-is-
it/index.html

24. Website example
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services.
(n.d.). What is cyberbullying. Retrieved from
http://www.stopbullying.gov/cyberbullying/w
hat-is-it/index.html
Notes:
1. If you can’t find a date n.d. is inserted as an abbreviation for No Date
2. Format is inserted between [brackets] and can be used for [Video file]
[Brochure] etc.
3. Date retrieved is only required if content is likely to change

25. References – Books
 Create a reference for this book
 Book authors or editors:
 Last name
 First letter of first name and middle initial
 Date of publication:
 Book Title:
 Publication information:
 City and state
 Publisher

26. References – Books
 Create a reference for this book
 Book authors or editors: Grant, J.
 Date of publication: (1994).
 Book Title: I hate school!: Some common
sense answers for educators & parents who
want to know why & what to do about it
 Publication information: Rosemont, NJ:
Modern Learning Press.

27. Book Example
Grant, S. (1994). I hate school!: Some common sense
answers for educators & parents who want to
know why & what to do about it. Rosemont, NJ:
Modern Learning Press.
Notes:
1. Periods must follow first letter of author’s name and middle initial,
publication date, book title, and publisher.
2. Book title is always in italics.
3. Only capitalize the first letter of book title, any letter following a colon (:),
and proper nouns.

28. References – Journals
 Create a reference for this journal article
 Article author:
 Last name
 First letter of first name and middle initial
 Date of publication:
 Article title:
 Periodical title:
 Publication information:
 Volume number and issue number (if available)
 Page numbers
 Digital Object Identifier number:

29. References – Journals
 Create a reference for this journal article
 Article author: Peleg, R., & Baram-Tsabari, A.
 Date of publication: (2011).
 Article title: Atom surprise: Using theatre in primary
science education.
 Periodical title: Journal of Science Education &
Technology,
 Publication information: 20(5), 508-524.
 Digital Object Identifier number: doi:10.1007/s10956-011-
9299-yx

30. Journal Example
Peleg, R., & Baram-Tsabari, A. (2011). Atom surprise: Using theatre
in primary science education. Journal of Science Education
& Technology, 20(5), 508-524. doi:10.1007/s10956-011-9299-y
Notes:
1. Periods must follow first letter of author’s first and middle initial, publication
date, article title, and publication information.
2. A comma will follow the author’s last name, first initial (if more than one
author), journal title and volume number.
3. Article title is never italicized – always written normal.
4. Always italicize: journal title, volume number, and the commas before and
after volume number. Journal title follows capitol case lettering.
5. Only capitalize the first letter of article title, any letter following a colon (:),
and proper nouns.
6. Place a space between author first name and middle initial

31. Journal Articles Extra Info
 Articles retrieved from a database such as
EBSCO or PsycINFO do not need to
include database information
 Articles not including a doi number should
contain the journal URL after the page
numbers such as
 Retrieved from http://js.sagamorepub.com/pe

32. Common Knowledge
Quandary
 Some examples:
 Waste not, want not.
 George Washington was the first president
of the US
 The earth is round
 When in doubt, cite it.

33. Library Resources for APA

34. Practice creating citations
 Go here to complete the plagiarism
worksheet
 http://bit.ly/istcapa2014sp
 Please ask if you have questions!
 Please provide feedback for ALL the
library sessions here
 http://bit.ly/sp2014istcfeedback

35. Questions?
 Feel free to contact me:
 Laksamee Putnam
 lputnam@towson.edu
 410.704.3746.
 Twitter: @CookLibraryofTU
 Or any reference librarian:
 Visit Cook Library Reference Desk
 410.704.2462.
 IM – tucookchat