This document provides information about the trigeminal, glossopharyngeal, and hypoglossal cranial nerves. It begins with an overview of the cranial nerves and their classifications. It then discusses the trigeminal nerve in depth, including its embryology, nuclei, pathways, ganglia, and clinical implications such as trigeminal neuralgia. The glossopharyngeal nerve is then summarized, covering its nuclei, course, branches and clinical tests. Finally, the hypoglossal nerve is outlined, with details on its nucleus, segments, branches, examining techniques, and causes of hypoglossal palsy. In total, the document comprehensively reviews the anatomy and clinical relevance of these three cranial
The maxillary artery arises from the external carotid artery and divides into three parts - the mandibular, pterygoid, and pterygopalatine parts. It supplies structures in the face like the maxilla and mandible. The maxillary artery and its branches anastomose with other vessels and are clinically significant for conditions like nosebleeds, epidural hematomas, and complications during procedures like Le Fort I osteotomies when the branches can be injured. Precise surgical techniques are important to avoid damaging branches like the descending palatine artery.
The document discusses the facial nerve, including:
1. It originates from nuclei in the pons and medulla and has both motor and sensory components.
2. Its intracanial course passes through the pons, around the brainstem, and through the internal acoustic meatus.
3. In the facial canal, it gives off branches like the chorda tympani before exiting through the stylomastoid foramen.
The lymphatic system consists of lymph capillaries that collect fluid from tissues, lymph vessels that transport the fluid, and lymph nodes that filter the lymph. The main functions are collecting and transporting tissue fluid, returning plasma proteins to blood, transporting fats and other molecules, and assisting the immune system. The components are lymph fluid, lymphatic vessels, lymphatic tissues in organs, and lymphatic organs where immune cells concentrate. Lymph nodes are commonly enlarged in infection or cancer metastasis.
The facial nerve is the 7th cranial nerve. It is a mixed nerve that innervates the muscles of facial expression and provides sensory innervation to the face and taste sensation to the anterior two thirds of the tongue. During development, the facial nerve and muscles of facial expression differentiate between weeks 3-12 of gestation. Anatomically, the facial nerve has intracranial, intratemporal, and extracranial segments. In the parotid gland, it divides into temporal, zygomatic, buccal, marginal mandibular, and cervical branches which innervate the muscles of facial expression. The facial nerve is vulnerable in certain segments such as the mastoid and tympanic
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Journal club on Mandibular fracture after third molarDr Bhavik Miyani
1) The document summarizes a journal club presentation on a study analyzing factors leading to mandibular fractures after third molar removal.
2) Six patients who experienced mandibular fractures on average 14 days after third molar surgery were examined. All patients were fully dentulous and between 42-50 years old.
3) The study found that advanced age combined with a full dentition were major risk factors for this complication. Pre-existing bone lesions from cysts or other issues also increased the risk of fracture by weakening the mandible.
The maxillary nerve is the second division of the trigeminal nerve. It originates in the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus and passes through the foramen rotundum into the pterygopalatine fossa. It gives off several branches in the pterygopalatine fossa and infratemporal fossa, including the posterior superior alveolar nerve, zygomatic nerve, and anterior and middle superior alveolar nerves. The maxillary nerve terminates by innervating structures in the face, providing sensation to the maxillary region. A maxillary nerve block can provide anesthesia for dental procedures involving the maxillary area, such as when a large canine space abscess is
This document provides an overview of the muscles of facial expression. It begins with an introduction to facial muscles and their development from pharyngeal arches. The muscles are then classified and each group is described in detail, including origins, insertions, innervation, blood supply, and actions. The main groups covered are the epicranial muscles, circumorbital and palpebral muscles, nasal muscles, buccal muscles, and the orbicularis oris muscle surrounding the mouth. The document provides a comprehensive anatomical reference for the intrinsic muscles allowing facial expression.
The maxillary artery arises from the external carotid artery and divides into three parts - the mandibular, pterygoid, and pterygopalatine parts. It supplies structures in the face like the maxilla and mandible. The maxillary artery and its branches anastomose with other vessels and are clinically significant for conditions like nosebleeds, epidural hematomas, and complications during procedures like Le Fort I osteotomies when the branches can be injured. Precise surgical techniques are important to avoid damaging branches like the descending palatine artery.
The document discusses the facial nerve, including:
1. It originates from nuclei in the pons and medulla and has both motor and sensory components.
2. Its intracanial course passes through the pons, around the brainstem, and through the internal acoustic meatus.
3. In the facial canal, it gives off branches like the chorda tympani before exiting through the stylomastoid foramen.
The lymphatic system consists of lymph capillaries that collect fluid from tissues, lymph vessels that transport the fluid, and lymph nodes that filter the lymph. The main functions are collecting and transporting tissue fluid, returning plasma proteins to blood, transporting fats and other molecules, and assisting the immune system. The components are lymph fluid, lymphatic vessels, lymphatic tissues in organs, and lymphatic organs where immune cells concentrate. Lymph nodes are commonly enlarged in infection or cancer metastasis.
The facial nerve is the 7th cranial nerve. It is a mixed nerve that innervates the muscles of facial expression and provides sensory innervation to the face and taste sensation to the anterior two thirds of the tongue. During development, the facial nerve and muscles of facial expression differentiate between weeks 3-12 of gestation. Anatomically, the facial nerve has intracranial, intratemporal, and extracranial segments. In the parotid gland, it divides into temporal, zygomatic, buccal, marginal mandibular, and cervical branches which innervate the muscles of facial expression. The facial nerve is vulnerable in certain segments such as the mastoid and tympanic
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Journal club on Mandibular fracture after third molarDr Bhavik Miyani
1) The document summarizes a journal club presentation on a study analyzing factors leading to mandibular fractures after third molar removal.
2) Six patients who experienced mandibular fractures on average 14 days after third molar surgery were examined. All patients were fully dentulous and between 42-50 years old.
3) The study found that advanced age combined with a full dentition were major risk factors for this complication. Pre-existing bone lesions from cysts or other issues also increased the risk of fracture by weakening the mandible.
The maxillary nerve is the second division of the trigeminal nerve. It originates in the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus and passes through the foramen rotundum into the pterygopalatine fossa. It gives off several branches in the pterygopalatine fossa and infratemporal fossa, including the posterior superior alveolar nerve, zygomatic nerve, and anterior and middle superior alveolar nerves. The maxillary nerve terminates by innervating structures in the face, providing sensation to the maxillary region. A maxillary nerve block can provide anesthesia for dental procedures involving the maxillary area, such as when a large canine space abscess is
This document provides an overview of the muscles of facial expression. It begins with an introduction to facial muscles and their development from pharyngeal arches. The muscles are then classified and each group is described in detail, including origins, insertions, innervation, blood supply, and actions. The main groups covered are the epicranial muscles, circumorbital and palpebral muscles, nasal muscles, buccal muscles, and the orbicularis oris muscle surrounding the mouth. The document provides a comprehensive anatomical reference for the intrinsic muscles allowing facial expression.
Trigeminal nerve maxillary nerve and clinical implicationDr Ravneet Kour
The document discusses the maxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve and its clinical implications. It begins by describing the basic anatomy of neurons, nerves and cranial nerves. It then focuses on the trigeminal nerve as the fifth cranial nerve, describing its nuclei, ganglion and three main branches - the ophthalmic, maxillary and mandibular nerves. Most of the document details the anatomy and branches of the maxillary nerve, including those in the pterygopalatine fossa, orbit, infraorbital canal and face. It concludes by discussing three clinical implications - trigeminal neuralgia, herpes zoster ophthalmicus and Wallenberg syndrome.
The document describes the triangles of the neck, including boundaries, contents, and clinical significance. It discusses the carotid triangle, containing the carotid arteries and jugular vein within the carotid sheath. The muscular triangle contains the infrahyoid muscles between the hyoid bone and sternum. The digastric triangle posterior to the mandible contains the submandibular gland and facial vessels. The posterior triangle posterior to the sternocleidomastoid contains the spinal accessory nerve and external jugular vein, with the retropharyngeal space inferiorly. Care must be taken during neck surgery or procedures to avoid injuring structures like nerves and vessels within these anatomical spaces.
This document provides an overview of the trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve V) in 12 sections. It discusses the elementary structure of neurons, classification of cranial nerves, embryology and nuclei of the trigeminal nerve, the trigeminal ganglion, and the three divisions (ophthalmic, maxillary, mandibular) and their branches. Diagrams are included to illustrate the course and branches of the trigeminal nerve. The presentation provides detailed anatomical information about the trigeminal nerve and related structures.
This document provides an overview of neck dissection. It begins with definitions of neck dissection and discusses the rationale for performing neck dissections when treating head and neck cancers. It then covers topics like the classification of neck dissections, the surgical anatomy involved, different types of incisions used, potential complications, and the history and development of neck dissection techniques over time.
The maxillary sinus is the largest of the paranasal sinuses. It develops within the body of the maxilla and communicates with the nasal cavity via the ostium in the middle meatus. The maxillary sinus has important anatomical relationships with surrounding structures like the orbit, teeth roots, and nerves. Diagnostic evaluation of the maxillary sinus involves medical history, clinical examination including transillumination, and imaging modalities like radiography, CT, MRI, ultrasound, and endoscopy.
VENOUS DRAINAGE OF HEAD, FACE, NECK AND BRAINDrVishal2
THIS SEMINAR ON VENOUS DRAINAGE OF HEAD, FACE, NECK AND BRAIN ENCOMPASSES ALL THE POSSIBLE DETAILED EXPLANATION ALONG WITH DIAGRAMMATIC ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE SAME. APPLIED AND SURGICAL ANATOMY ALONG WITH RECENT MODALITIES HAS BEEN ADDED HEREIN..
The facial nerve originates from the pons and has both motor and sensory components. It passes through the internal acoustic meatus, facial canal within the temporal bone, and exits at the stylomastoid foramen. Within the facial canal it has several segments separated by genu. Important surgical landmarks along the facial canal include the geniculate ganglion, cochleariform process, and digastric ridge. The main trunk divides into 5 terminal branches in the parotid gland which innervate muscles of facial expression. Careful knowledge of the anatomy is important for safe middle ear, mastoid, and parotid surgery.
This document discusses reconstruction of the maxilla after tumor resection. It begins with anatomy of the maxilla and goals of reconstruction such as restoring facial contour and supporting soft tissues. Classification systems for maxillary defects are described including types based on extent of resection. Reconstruction options including local and regional flaps, microvascular free flaps, bone grafts and prosthetics are covered. The approach involves assessing the defect and critical structures to determine the best reconstruction method. Defect-specific reconstruction examples are provided.
The document discusses various surgical approaches for the facial skeleton, including extraoral and intraoral incisions. It covers key principles for placing incisions such as following natural lines and avoiding vital structures. Specific approaches are described for the mandible, condyle, orbit, maxilla, and nasal skeleton. Factors to consider for any facial incision include scar visibility, underlying anatomy, and adequate surgical access. Both open and endoscopic techniques are presented.
The document describes the submandibular and retromandibular surgical approaches. The submandibular approach involves making a 1.5-2 cm incision inferior to the mandible and dissecting through the layers of the skin, subcutaneous tissue, platysma muscle, and pterygomasseteric sling. The retromandibular approach uses a vertical incision 2 cm posterior to the mandibular ramus and dissects through the same layers to the pterygomasseteric sling. Both approaches give access below the mandible for surgical procedures.
This document discusses the anatomy of the facial spaces and fascia of the head and neck region. It defines fascia as sheets of dense connective tissue that separate structures. The facial spaces are potential spaces within the layers of fascia that can become infected. It then describes the various layers of fascia, including the superficial fascia and three layers of deep cervical fascia. It also lists the main muscles of the face and neck along with their origins, insertions and blood supply.
Submandibular salivary gland dr chithraDr. Chithra P
This document provides information about the submandibular salivary gland. It discusses the gland's anatomy, development, blood supply, nerve supply and clinical evaluation. Key points include:
- The submandibular gland is the second largest major salivary gland located in the submandibular triangle below the mandible.
- It develops from an epithelial bud that branches during development forming a ductal system and acini.
- Anatomy includes a superficial and deep part divided by the mylohyoid muscle. Wharton's duct drains the gland opening on the floor of the mouth.
- Evaluation involves history, extraoral and intraoral examination including palpation and imaging
The orbit is a pyramid-shaped cavity located in the skull that houses the eye and surrounding structures. It is formed by seven bones and contains the eyeball, extraocular muscles, blood vessels, nerves and other tissues. The orbit communicates with surrounding areas through several openings that transmit nerves and vessels between the orbit and other craniofacial regions. The complex anatomy of the orbit allows for movement of the eye while protecting its delicate contents.
This document describes the anatomy and branches of the mandibular nerve (CN V3). It originates from the trigeminal ganglion and pons and exits the skull through the foramen ovale. Its main branches innervate the muscles of mastication and provide sensory innervation to the lower face and oral cavity. The anterior and posterior divisions each give off motor and sensory branches with specific distributions.
The internal jugular vein begins at the base of the skull and descends vertically down the neck, ending by joining the subclavian vein to form the brachiocephalic vein behind the clavicle. It drains blood from the brain and tissues of the head and neck. The right internal jugular vein is usually larger than the left. The internal jugular vein has two dilations - a superior bulb at its commencement in the jugular fossa and an inferior bulb near its termination in the lesser supraclavicular fossa.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Elevate the skin flaps superiorly to the level of the ramus of mandible. Identify and protect the external jugular vein.
Surgeon: Okay, elevating the skin flaps now. Carefully dissecting in the plane just deep to the platysma muscle. There's the external jugular vein, I'm protecting that as I elevate the flap. Almost to the level of the ramus now.
The document summarizes the key anatomical structures and contents of the temporal and infratemporal regions. The temporal fossa is bounded by bones and contains the temporalis muscle and arteries. The infratemporal fossa below contains muscles like the lateral and medial pterygoids and nerves like the mandibular nerve. The maxillary artery branches throughout these regions, including the pterygopalatine fossa which communicates between structures. The temporalis, masseter, and pterygoid muscles are involved in mastication.
The facial artery arises from the external carotid artery in the carotid triangle. It has two parts - the cervical part and facial part. The cervical part passes beneath muscles in the neck before curving upward over the mandible. The facial part enters the face and runs tortuously upward across the cheek, along the side of the nose, and ends at the medial corner of the eye. It supplies structures of the face, palate, and nose and is accompanied by the facial vein throughout its course.
The external carotid arteries and internal carotid artery supply blood to the craniofacial complex. The external carotid arteries supply blood to the head, face, mouth and neck through branches like the occipital artery, posterior auricular artery, and various arteries of the lips and oral cavity. The internal carotid artery supplies the brain, eye, forehead and nose through branches like the ophthalmic artery. Veins like the internal jugular vein and external jugular vein drain blood from the craniofacial complex. Key arteries supply specific structures in the head and face with blood while corresponding veins drain blood from the same areas.
Trigeminal nerve maxillary nerve and clinical implicationDr Ravneet Kour
The document discusses the maxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve and its clinical implications. It begins by describing the basic anatomy of neurons, nerves and cranial nerves. It then focuses on the trigeminal nerve as the fifth cranial nerve, describing its nuclei, ganglion and three main branches - the ophthalmic, maxillary and mandibular nerves. Most of the document details the anatomy and branches of the maxillary nerve, including those in the pterygopalatine fossa, orbit, infraorbital canal and face. It concludes by discussing three clinical implications - trigeminal neuralgia, herpes zoster ophthalmicus and Wallenberg syndrome.
The document describes the triangles of the neck, including boundaries, contents, and clinical significance. It discusses the carotid triangle, containing the carotid arteries and jugular vein within the carotid sheath. The muscular triangle contains the infrahyoid muscles between the hyoid bone and sternum. The digastric triangle posterior to the mandible contains the submandibular gland and facial vessels. The posterior triangle posterior to the sternocleidomastoid contains the spinal accessory nerve and external jugular vein, with the retropharyngeal space inferiorly. Care must be taken during neck surgery or procedures to avoid injuring structures like nerves and vessels within these anatomical spaces.
This document provides an overview of the trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve V) in 12 sections. It discusses the elementary structure of neurons, classification of cranial nerves, embryology and nuclei of the trigeminal nerve, the trigeminal ganglion, and the three divisions (ophthalmic, maxillary, mandibular) and their branches. Diagrams are included to illustrate the course and branches of the trigeminal nerve. The presentation provides detailed anatomical information about the trigeminal nerve and related structures.
This document provides an overview of neck dissection. It begins with definitions of neck dissection and discusses the rationale for performing neck dissections when treating head and neck cancers. It then covers topics like the classification of neck dissections, the surgical anatomy involved, different types of incisions used, potential complications, and the history and development of neck dissection techniques over time.
The maxillary sinus is the largest of the paranasal sinuses. It develops within the body of the maxilla and communicates with the nasal cavity via the ostium in the middle meatus. The maxillary sinus has important anatomical relationships with surrounding structures like the orbit, teeth roots, and nerves. Diagnostic evaluation of the maxillary sinus involves medical history, clinical examination including transillumination, and imaging modalities like radiography, CT, MRI, ultrasound, and endoscopy.
VENOUS DRAINAGE OF HEAD, FACE, NECK AND BRAINDrVishal2
THIS SEMINAR ON VENOUS DRAINAGE OF HEAD, FACE, NECK AND BRAIN ENCOMPASSES ALL THE POSSIBLE DETAILED EXPLANATION ALONG WITH DIAGRAMMATIC ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE SAME. APPLIED AND SURGICAL ANATOMY ALONG WITH RECENT MODALITIES HAS BEEN ADDED HEREIN..
The facial nerve originates from the pons and has both motor and sensory components. It passes through the internal acoustic meatus, facial canal within the temporal bone, and exits at the stylomastoid foramen. Within the facial canal it has several segments separated by genu. Important surgical landmarks along the facial canal include the geniculate ganglion, cochleariform process, and digastric ridge. The main trunk divides into 5 terminal branches in the parotid gland which innervate muscles of facial expression. Careful knowledge of the anatomy is important for safe middle ear, mastoid, and parotid surgery.
This document discusses reconstruction of the maxilla after tumor resection. It begins with anatomy of the maxilla and goals of reconstruction such as restoring facial contour and supporting soft tissues. Classification systems for maxillary defects are described including types based on extent of resection. Reconstruction options including local and regional flaps, microvascular free flaps, bone grafts and prosthetics are covered. The approach involves assessing the defect and critical structures to determine the best reconstruction method. Defect-specific reconstruction examples are provided.
The document discusses various surgical approaches for the facial skeleton, including extraoral and intraoral incisions. It covers key principles for placing incisions such as following natural lines and avoiding vital structures. Specific approaches are described for the mandible, condyle, orbit, maxilla, and nasal skeleton. Factors to consider for any facial incision include scar visibility, underlying anatomy, and adequate surgical access. Both open and endoscopic techniques are presented.
The document describes the submandibular and retromandibular surgical approaches. The submandibular approach involves making a 1.5-2 cm incision inferior to the mandible and dissecting through the layers of the skin, subcutaneous tissue, platysma muscle, and pterygomasseteric sling. The retromandibular approach uses a vertical incision 2 cm posterior to the mandibular ramus and dissects through the same layers to the pterygomasseteric sling. Both approaches give access below the mandible for surgical procedures.
This document discusses the anatomy of the facial spaces and fascia of the head and neck region. It defines fascia as sheets of dense connective tissue that separate structures. The facial spaces are potential spaces within the layers of fascia that can become infected. It then describes the various layers of fascia, including the superficial fascia and three layers of deep cervical fascia. It also lists the main muscles of the face and neck along with their origins, insertions and blood supply.
Submandibular salivary gland dr chithraDr. Chithra P
This document provides information about the submandibular salivary gland. It discusses the gland's anatomy, development, blood supply, nerve supply and clinical evaluation. Key points include:
- The submandibular gland is the second largest major salivary gland located in the submandibular triangle below the mandible.
- It develops from an epithelial bud that branches during development forming a ductal system and acini.
- Anatomy includes a superficial and deep part divided by the mylohyoid muscle. Wharton's duct drains the gland opening on the floor of the mouth.
- Evaluation involves history, extraoral and intraoral examination including palpation and imaging
The orbit is a pyramid-shaped cavity located in the skull that houses the eye and surrounding structures. It is formed by seven bones and contains the eyeball, extraocular muscles, blood vessels, nerves and other tissues. The orbit communicates with surrounding areas through several openings that transmit nerves and vessels between the orbit and other craniofacial regions. The complex anatomy of the orbit allows for movement of the eye while protecting its delicate contents.
This document describes the anatomy and branches of the mandibular nerve (CN V3). It originates from the trigeminal ganglion and pons and exits the skull through the foramen ovale. Its main branches innervate the muscles of mastication and provide sensory innervation to the lower face and oral cavity. The anterior and posterior divisions each give off motor and sensory branches with specific distributions.
The internal jugular vein begins at the base of the skull and descends vertically down the neck, ending by joining the subclavian vein to form the brachiocephalic vein behind the clavicle. It drains blood from the brain and tissues of the head and neck. The right internal jugular vein is usually larger than the left. The internal jugular vein has two dilations - a superior bulb at its commencement in the jugular fossa and an inferior bulb near its termination in the lesser supraclavicular fossa.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Elevate the skin flaps superiorly to the level of the ramus of mandible. Identify and protect the external jugular vein.
Surgeon: Okay, elevating the skin flaps now. Carefully dissecting in the plane just deep to the platysma muscle. There's the external jugular vein, I'm protecting that as I elevate the flap. Almost to the level of the ramus now.
The document summarizes the key anatomical structures and contents of the temporal and infratemporal regions. The temporal fossa is bounded by bones and contains the temporalis muscle and arteries. The infratemporal fossa below contains muscles like the lateral and medial pterygoids and nerves like the mandibular nerve. The maxillary artery branches throughout these regions, including the pterygopalatine fossa which communicates between structures. The temporalis, masseter, and pterygoid muscles are involved in mastication.
The facial artery arises from the external carotid artery in the carotid triangle. It has two parts - the cervical part and facial part. The cervical part passes beneath muscles in the neck before curving upward over the mandible. The facial part enters the face and runs tortuously upward across the cheek, along the side of the nose, and ends at the medial corner of the eye. It supplies structures of the face, palate, and nose and is accompanied by the facial vein throughout its course.
The external carotid arteries and internal carotid artery supply blood to the craniofacial complex. The external carotid arteries supply blood to the head, face, mouth and neck through branches like the occipital artery, posterior auricular artery, and various arteries of the lips and oral cavity. The internal carotid artery supplies the brain, eye, forehead and nose through branches like the ophthalmic artery. Veins like the internal jugular vein and external jugular vein drain blood from the craniofacial complex. Key arteries supply specific structures in the head and face with blood while corresponding veins drain blood from the same areas.
The document summarizes guidelines for oral assessment and management before, during, and after head and neck radiation therapy (R/T). It recommends a complete dental examination before R/T to identify issues and extractions to reduce complications. During R/T, daily oral hygiene and topical fluoride are emphasized to prevent side effects like mucositis, infection, and xerostomia. Long-term, frequent follow-up is needed due to risks like osteoradionecrosis and new malignant disease. The goal is to minimize oral morbidity at all treatment stages.
Pontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Special Workshop: Training in the Technologies of the Digital Humanities, 2017 annual meeting of the New England Association for Asian Studies, under the theme of “Asia: Past, Present, Future.”, Boston College, Boston, Massachusetts, USA, January 28-29, 2017
This document provides guidelines for the general care of surgical patients, including both inpatients and outpatients. For inpatients, it discusses priorities for admission, pre-operative care including diet and informed consent, post-operative care including monitoring of vital signs and potential complications, diet, hygiene, and follow-up. For outpatients, it outlines pre-operative instructions and post-operative care including follow-up responsibilities. The overall aim is to safely care for surgical patients before, during, and after procedures.
Trigeminal nerve (V):
Responsible for sensation in the face and motor functions such as chewing. The trigeminal nerve has both sensory and Medial Motor roots that emerges from the pons and enlarge forming trigeminal ganglia.
A seminar on nerve supply of head and neck.
Hi, I am Dr Komal Ghiya, pediatric dentist by profession, I am here to share some of my own presentations for educational purposes. I hope you a presentation on NERVE SUPPLY OF HEAD AND NECK will be useful for all the dental and medical students. Comments are welcome if you like the presentations and if not please suggest some ways I could make them better for you. All the best
The document summarizes the trigeminal nerve, including its nuclear columns, trigeminal ganglion, three divisions of the nerve, and clinical considerations. The trigeminal nerve has three divisions - the ophthalmic, maxillary, and mandibular nerves. It discusses the branches and distributions of each division. Clinically, examination of the trigeminal nerve involves sensory and motor testing as well as trigeminal reflexes. Common conditions involving the trigeminal nerve like trigeminal neuralgia and postherpetic neuralgia are also mentioned.
The document summarizes key information about cranial nerves IX through XII:
1. The glossopharyngeal nerve (IX) leaves the skull through the jugular foramen and innervates receptors in the pharynx, tongue, and middle ear as well as taste buds and chemoreceptors.
2. The vagus nerve (X) is the longest and most complex cranial nerve, innervating organs from the head to the abdomen, including the larynx, lungs, heart and visceral organs.
3. The accessory nerve (XI) has a cranial and spinal portion, with the cranial portion joining the vagus nerve and the spinal portion innervating neck muscles
The document discusses the facial nerve, including its anatomy and course from the brainstem through the temporal bone. It describes the intratemporal, intracanalicular, and extracranial segments. Disorders of the facial nerve are also reviewed, such as Bell's palsy caused by viral infections, tumors, trauma, or complications from ear infections. Surgical landmarks, testing, classification systems, pathology of nerve injuries, and potential complications of regeneration like synkinesis are summarized. Congenital causes, infections, tumors, and other neurological or miscellaneous etiologies of facial palsy are outlined.
This document provides an overview of the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII), including its anatomy, branches, course, variations, testing, and causes of paralysis. Some key points:
- The facial nerve has intracranial, intratemporal, and extratemporal segments as it passes through the skull and exits at the stylomastoid foramen.
- It gives off numerous branches including the chorda tympani, nerve to stapedius, and branches in the parotid plexus.
- Testing includes topognostic tests like lacrimation and salivary flow, as well as electrodiagnostic tools like EMG, NCT, and MST to evaluate
The document discusses the anatomy and functions of the facial nerve. It begins by describing the course of the facial nerve from the pons to the parotid gland, including its intratemporal segments within the temporal bone. It then discusses the components and branches of the facial nerve, including the chorda tympani which carries taste fibers. The document concludes by outlining various causes of facial palsy such as Bell's palsy, infections, tumors, trauma and systemic diseases.
The document discusses the trigeminal nerve, including its anatomy and branches. It describes the maxillary nerve in detail, including its origin, course, branches both within the cranium and on the face. It discusses several clinical implications and conditions related to trigeminal nerve injury or involvement, such as trigeminal neuralgia, maxillary sinus infections, herpes zoster ophthalmicus, and tumors affecting the trigeminal nerve ganglia or branches.
The trigeminal nerve is the largest cranial nerve and is a mixed nerve containing both sensory and motor fibers. It has three major divisions - the ophthalmic, maxillary, and mandibular nerves. The ophthalmic nerve innervates the face above the eyes. The maxillary nerve innervates the midface, and the mandibular nerve innervates the lower face and jaw muscles. The trigeminal ganglion contains the cell bodies of the pseudounipolar neurons whose axons make up the trigeminal nerve. The trigeminal nuclei in the brainstem are involved in relaying sensory information from the trigeminal nerve.
The document provides details on the anatomy and clinical examination of the facial nerve (CNVII). It discusses the supranuclear, nuclear/intra-axial, and peripheral components of the facial nerve. Key points include that CNVII has four nuclei in the lower pons and exits the brainstem in two roots. It describes the intra- and extra-axial course of the nerve through the internal auditory canal, facial canal, and branches after exiting the stylomastoid foramen. Clinical tests for assessing motor, sensory, and parasympathetic function are outlined. Localization of lesions is discussed in relation to upper and lower motor neuron palsies.
This document discusses the glossopharyngeal, vagus, and accessory nerve complexes. It begins by explaining that the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves arise from three nucleus columns in the medulla. It then provides diagrams of the nuclei and pathways of the vagus nerve. The rest of the document contains images demonstrating the anatomy and pathologies of these cranial nerve complexes.
This document provides an overview of the anatomy and clinical management of facial nerve paralysis. It begins with a detailed description of the course and branches of the facial nerve from the brainstem through the temporal bone. It then discusses various causes of facial nerve paralysis including birth-related, traumatic, infectious, neoplastic and idiopathic etiologies. Diagnostic testing methods like electrophysiology are summarized. Management depends on the cause but may include steroids, antivirals and surgical exploration/grafting in some cases. Ramsay Hunt syndrome and basal skull fractures presenting with facial paralysis are also briefly reviewed.
This document provides an overview of the anatomy and clinical considerations related to facial nerve paralysis. It begins with a detailed description of the course and branches of the facial nerve from the brainstem through the temporal bone. It then discusses various causes of facial nerve paralysis and approaches to diagnostic testing including topodiagnostic tests and electrophysiology. Management considerations are provided for different conditions that may cause facial nerve paralysis such as Bell's palsy, Ramsay Hunt syndrome, and basal skull fracture.
This document provides an anatomy overview of the trigeminal nerve (nervus trigeminus), which contains both motor and sensory fibers. It describes the locations and functions of the trigeminal ganglion and nuclei, as well as the three main divisions of the trigeminal nerve - the ophthalmic, maxillary, and mandibular nerves. It then provides detailed information on the branches and innervation territories of the ophthalmic and maxillary nerves.
This document provides a summary of the surgical anatomy of the 12 cranial nerves. It begins with an introduction and overview of the cranial nerves. Then it discusses each cranial nerve individually, including their origin, course, branches and clinical notes. It provides concise descriptions of how to test each nerve clinically. The document is intended to guide medical students in learning the key anatomical and clinical aspects of the cranial nerves.
The document summarizes cranial nerves V (trigeminal nerve) and VIII (vestibulocochlear nerve). It describes the anatomy, nuclei, functions and clinical assessment of these cranial nerves. Specifically, it discusses the sensory and motor components of the trigeminal nerve and examinations for abnormalities. It also outlines the anatomy and components of the vestibulocochlear nerve, including descriptions of the cochlear and vestibular nerves and their functions in hearing and balance. Clinical tests for hearing like Rinne's and Weber's tests are summarized.
Similar to Trigeminal nerve, Glossopharyngeal and Hypoglossal nerves (20)
How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
Reimagining Your Library Space: How to Increase the Vibes in Your Library No ...Diana Rendina
Librarians are leading the way in creating future-ready citizens – now we need to update our spaces to match. In this session, attendees will get inspiration for transforming their library spaces. You’ll learn how to survey students and patrons, create a focus group, and use design thinking to brainstorm ideas for your space. We’ll discuss budget friendly ways to change your space as well as how to find funding. No matter where you’re at, you’ll find ideas for reimagining your space in this session.
हिंदी वर्णमाला पीपीटी, hindi alphabet PPT presentation, hindi varnamala PPT, Hindi Varnamala pdf, हिंदी स्वर, हिंदी व्यंजन, sikhiye hindi varnmala, dr. mulla adam ali, hindi language and literature, hindi alphabet with drawing, hindi alphabet pdf, hindi varnamala for childrens, hindi language, hindi varnamala practice for kids, https://www.drmullaadamali.com
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
2. NERVEINORDER
Cranial Nerve I - Olfactory
Cranial Nerve II - Optic
Cranial Nerve III - Occulomotor
Cranial Nerve IV - Trochlear
Cranial Nerve V - Trigeminal
Cranial Nerve VI - Abducens
Cranial Nerve VII - Facial
Cranial Nerve VIII- Vestibulocochlear
Cranial Nerve IX - Glossopharyngeal
Cranial Nerve X - Vagus
Cranial Nerve XI - Spinal Accessory
Cranial Nerve XII - Hypoglossal
CLASSIFICATION OF CRANIAL NERVES
Sensory cranial nerves(special sensory fibers ): I, II, VIII
Motor cranial nerves(somatic efferent nerves ): III, IV, VI, XI, XII
Mixed nerves (branchiomeric nerves ): V, VII, IX, X
FUNCTIONAL COMPONENTS OF
NERVES
1) General Somatic Afferent (GSA)
2) General Visceral Afferent (GVA)
3) General Visceral Efferent (GVE)
4) General Somatic Efferent (GSE)
5) Special Somatic Afferents (SSA)
6) Special Visceral Afferents (SVA)
7) Special Visceral Efferents (SVE)
INTRODUCTION
64. DIAGNOSIS
Sweet diagnostic criteria
1. Pain is paroxysmal
2. The pain may be provoked by light touch to the face
(trigger zones)
3. The pain is confined to the trigeminal distribution
4. The pain is unilateral
5. The clinical sensory examination is normal
DIAGNOSTIC MRI SCANNING
87. Effects of Damage and Clinical Test
Gag reflex
Ask the patient to swallow or cough
Test the posterior one-third of the tongue with
bitter and sour substances.
98. HYPOGLOSSALPALSY
Unilateral palsy is merely troublesome, resulting
in difficulty with speech, tongue biting during
mastication of food, and difficulties in swallowing
for as long as four months postoperatively
Bilateral palsy can pose a life-threatening
situation by producing upper airway obstruction
Hypoglossal palsy can be due to iatrogenic
injuries to hypoglossal nerve or due to lesions
affecting it.
99. IATROGENIC INJURIES OFHYPOGLOSSALNERVE
During
Dissection of floor of submandibular triangle
Blind application of hemostats and monopolar
coagulation to ranine veins
Dissection in level I and II during RND
carotid endarterectomy
High exposure of internal carotid artery
100. The use of transverse neck incisions has probably
served to increase the number of injuries to the
hypoglossal nerve and the marginal mandibular
nerve.
The incision is close to, and parallels, the course
of both nerves.
101. DISSECTION IN SUBMANDIBULAR TRIANGLE
First Surgical Plane: The Roof of the Submandibular Triangle
•Composed of skin, superficial fascia enclosing the platysma muscle and fat, and
the underlying mandibular and cervical branches of the facial nerve (VII)
The Roof of the Submandibular Triangle
102. Second Surgical Plane:The Contents of theSubmandibular
Triangle
Structures of the second surgical plane, from superficial to deep,
are
facial (anterior facial) vein
retromandibular (posterior facial) vein
part of the facial (external maxillary) artery
submental branch of the facial artery
superficial layer of submaxillary fascia (deep cervical fascia)
lymph nodes
deep layer of submaxillary fascia (deep cervical fascia)
hypoglossal nerve (XII)
104. Third SurgicalPlane:The Floorof the SubmandibularTriangle
Structures of the third surgical plane, from superficial to deep
mylohyoid muscle with its nerve
hyoglossus muscle
middle constrictor muscle covering the lower part of the superior
constrictor muscle
part of the styloglossus muscle
105. Fourth Surgical Plane: The Basement of the
SubmandibularTriangle
Deep portion of the submandibular gland
Submandibular (Wharton's) duct
Lingual nerve
Sublingual vein
Sublingual gland
Hypoglossal nerve (XII)
Submandibular ganglion
107. RANINE VEIN
Ranine vein is vena comitans of hypoglossal nerve which
begins below the tip of the tongue.
Inadvertent clamping while controlling bleeding from
plexus posterior and inferior to the posterior belly of
digastric muscle can result in hypoglossal nerve injury
108. HIGHEXPOSURE OFINTERNALCAROTIDARTERY
DURING CAROTID ENDARTERECTOMY
The hypoglossal nerve, because of its intimate relationship to the
internal carotid artery, may limit exposure since it crosses the internal
carotid artery at various levels in different individuals, from just above
the carotid bifurcation to as high as the level of the anterior belly of
the digastric muscle. It usually crosses the ICA and ECA
approximately 2 to 4 cm above the carotid bifurcation
Frequently, in order to visualize the uppermost extent of carotid
bifurcation plaques, to deal with internal carotid kinks or internal
carotid aneurysms the hypoglossal nerve may be retracted, resulting in
temporary paralysis of one-half of the tongue
Never attempt to separate the hypoglossal and vagus nerves if they
fuse together
114. REFERENCES
GRAY’S ANATOMY- 39TH EDITION
NETTER’S- COLOUR ATLAS OF ANATOMY
B.D.CHAURASIA’S HUMAN ANATOMY- VOL 3
CRANIAL NERVES – FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY, STANLEY
MONKHOUSE
Handbook of LOCAL ANESTHESIA- Stanley F. Malamed
Trigeminal neuralgia- Pathology & pathophysiology Seth Love &
Hugh b. Coakham
Trigeminal nerve- Sashank prasad and Steven Galetta
INTERNET SOURCES
Vascular reconstructions : anatomy, exposures, and techniques amal J
Hoballah