This document provides an overview of different modes of transportation. It discusses road, rail, water, and air transportation. For each mode, it describes key characteristics. For example, it notes that roads are the most widely used means of transportation and can be either paved or unpaved. It also explains that railways help connect distant locations for trade. Water transportation includes inland waterways like rivers and canals, as well as ocean routes handled by ships. Air transportation is the fastest but most expensive option, connecting remote areas via airports.

2.  Preeti Mam
 Made by – Manav yadav
 Std – 7
 Roll no. -20
 Sub – S.S
 Topic - Transport

3. Introduction
Road transport
Rail transport
Water transport
Air transport
Pipeline transport

4.  Transport refers to carrying passengers and goods
from one place to another using different vehicles .
 There are four types of transport they are
 Roadways
 Railways
 Waterways
 Airways

5.  Roadways are vital for the development of an area .
Depending on their strength , roads are called mettalled
and unmetalled .
 Metalled roads are surfaced using cement , concrete etc .
Such roads can always be used . All important roads are
metalled .
 Unmetalled roads are surfaced which are mere tracks
and get muddy during rainy season .They mostly exists
in rural areas.

6.  Roads are important due to the reasons-
1) They are easy and cheaper to construct and maintain .
2) They provide door to door service .
3) They connect villages with towns .
4) Roads are important for the defence of a country .
5) India has the largest road network in the world which
is divided into three categories :
6) National highways , state highways ,Rural roads

7.  Railways are the true lifeline of a country as they
passengers over longer distances. They help in connecting
producing areas thus enhancing trade in the country . In
fact , invention of rail engine during industrial
revolution is responsible for the dispersal of economic
development. For better connectivity and mass
movement of people in large cities like London , New
York , Kolkata ,and Delhi the metro railway system is
providing a good means of transport .

8.  Waterways are the natural ways which are
slowest and cheapest means . They are
responsible for the growth of international
trade and understanding . They helped greatly
in exploring new distant lands , inhabiting
them dispersing cultures . Waterways can be
classifieds as :
1- Inland water transport 2- ocean transport

9.  Inland water transport – It includes boats , canoes and
steamers to carry goods and people on river , lake and
canal routes . Near about 18 millions tons of cargo is
moved every year by it .
 Ocean transport – It refers to the movement of goods
and passengers with the help of ships through sea and
ocean . It helps in international trade . It has fixed
route . They are free highways covering every possible
direction with no maintenance cost . Ocean transport is
only hindered by storms , fog and ice bergs .

10.  It is fastest and costliest means if transport , which is
comfortable too. It connects far –flung , remotest an
inaccessible areas .During man-made and natural
disasters like wars , earthquakes , epidemics , floods and
droughts . For managing air transport ,airports are
required . Airports require elaborate arrangements for
landing , take – off , fueling , passenger and cargo .
Some important destinations are London , New York ,
Paris , Washington , Los Angeles , Chicago , Tokyo .