it is based on topic lifelines of Indian economy of Class 10 Geography topic .it gives a brief description about different means and modes of transport available in India Its advantages as well as its features.

1. Transportation in India
Made By- Jash Shah
Class -10th
Roll no.-33
Subject:-ICT
Amrish R. Patel School (C.B.S.E)

2. Transportation
• Transport is a means of carrying goods and people from one
place to another.
• Transport is an important part of India's economy but it is poor
in comparison with international standards.
• Since the economic liberalization of the 1990s, infrastructure
development has progressed rapidly.
• Today there is a variety of modes of transport by land, water
and air.
Introduction:-

3. Traditional means of
Transport
• Walking
• Palanquin
• Hand-pulled rickshaw
• Bullock cart and horse carriage
• Cycle rickshaw

4. Modern Means of
Transportation
Means of transport
Land
Roadways
Pipelines
Railways
Water
Inland
overseas
Air
Domestic
Airways
Internation
al Airways

5. Land Transport
1. Road Transport
 It is the oldest form of transport. It includes various means such
as bullock cart, tempo, auto rickshaw, busses, car etc.
 It is economical for short distance.
 There are less overheads and less cost in terms of
maintenance.
 It provides personalized service.

6. Classification of Roads
• Golden Quadrilateral Super Highways
• National highways
• State highways
• District highways
• Border roads

8. 2. Rail Transport
Rail transport in India
Passenger km 1,158.7 billion (2014)
Freight 106 million tonnes (2014)
System length
Total
68,525 kilometers
• In India railways are owned and managed by the Central Government.
• It is suitable for bulky goods.
• It is economical for long distance.
• There is regularity in the operation of train.
• There is less pollution, as the train operates on electricity.
• There is uniformity in rates as the rates are fixed by the government.

11. 3.Pipelines transport
• Its a new arrival
• It is used to transport crude oil, petroleum products and natural
gas.
• Solids can also be transported through a pipeline when
converted into slurry.
• Initial cost of laying pipelines is high but subsequent running
costs are high.
• It rules out trans-shipment losses or delays.
• Important networks:-1)from upper Assam to Kanpur(UP)
• 2)from Salaya(GJ) to Jalandhar(PB)
• 3)from Hazira(GJ) to Jadishpur (UP)

13. Water Transport
• India is surrounded by the Bay of Bengal, the Arabian Sea and
the Indian Ocean.
• Therefore it has a long coastline.
• Water transport refers to movement of goods and passengers
on waterways.
• With the help of these means goods and passengers are carried
to different places, both within as well as outside the country.

14. Features
• Water transport plays an important role in international trade.
• It possesses high load carrying capacity.
• It is a relatively economical mode of transport for bulky and
heavy goods.
• Water transport does not require any special infrastructure like
roads, and airport.
• Sea transport requires large investment on ships and their
maintenance.

15. 1.Inland Water
Transport
• India has inland navigation water ways of 14,500 km in length.
• Out of these only 5685 km are navigable by mechanized vessels.
• About 50 million tonnes of cargo corresponding to 2.82 billion
tonne km was transported in 2005-06 by Inland Water
Transport (IWT).
• Considering the inherent advantages of this mode, the Govt. of
India is trying to develop this means of transport.

16. National waterways
• NW1:- Allahabad-Haldia stretch of the Ganga—Bhagirathi-
Hooghly Rivers(1620 km)
• NW2 :- Sadiya-Dhubri Stretch of Brahmaputra River
• NW3 :- Kollam-Kozhikode Stretch of West Coast Canal and
Champakara and Udyogmandal Canals
• NW4 :- Specified stretches of Godavari and Krishna rivers along
with Kakinda Puducherry stretch of canals(1078km)
• NW5 :- Specified stretches of river Brahmani along with Matai
river delta channels of Mahanadi and Brahmani rivers and East
Coast Canal(588 km)

18. 2.Overseas Water
Transport
• India has wide coast line of nearly 7,516.6 km.
• India is dotted with 12 major and 187,notified non-major ports.
• These major ports handle 95%of India’s foreign trade.
• Transport facilities available along the vast coast line of the
country through ships is called coastal shipping.
• It is the cheapest mode of transport.
• Generally speaking, Oceanic Transport means the movement of
ships between the countries through sea routes.

19. Major Sea Ports
Sea Port Name Location
Chennai Port or Madras Port Chennai, Madras
Haldia (Kolkata Dock System & Haldia
Dock Complex)
Kolkata
Jawaharlal Nehru Port, also known as
Nhava Sheva
Maharashtra, South Mumbai
Kamarajar Port or Ennore Port Ennore, Chennai
Kandla Port Gujarat, Gulf of Kutch
Kochi Port or Cochin Port Kochi, Kerala
New Mangalore Port Manglore, Karnataka
Mormugao Port Panaji, Goa
Mumbai Port West Mumbai, Maharashtra
Panaji Panaji Goa
Paradip Jagatsinghpur, Odisha
Tuticorin Port (now called
V.O.Chidambaram Port)
Tuticorin, Tamil Nadu
Visakhapatnam Port Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh

21. Airways
• Air transport is of recent origin in the development of transport
system of a country.
• Air transport provides the fastest practical means of
transportation.
• Indian air transport is one of the fastest developing aviation
sectors of the world.

22. Features
• Air transport is the most modern and the quickest mode of transport.
• Air transport is very expensive, as the operating costs of airplanes are
high.
• Air transport provides comfortable, efficient and quick transport
service.
• Air transport requires less investment on infrastructure.
• Air transport is free from physical barriers.
• It plays a significant role in the national defence of the country.
• Air transport is the most risky form of transport because the chances
of accidents are greater in comparison to other modes of transport.

23. Major Airports
Rank Name City State
1 Indira Gandhi International Airport Delhi Delhi
2
Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj
International Airport
Mumbai Maharashtra
3 Kempegowda International Airport Bengaluru Karnataka
4 Chennai International Airport Chennai Tamil Nadu
5 Rajiv Gandhi International Airport Hyderabad Telangana
6
Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose
International Airport
Kolkata West Bengal
7
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
International Airport
Ahmedabad Gujarat
10 Pune International Airport Pune Maharashtra

25. Benefits Of
Transportation
• Transport plays a significant role in the overall economic
development. Transportation results into growth of infrastructure,
industrialization and massive production.
• 1. Industrial growth
• 2. Creates employment
• 3. Creates place utility
• 4. Bring countries closer
• 6. Stability in prices
• 7. Specialization and division of labour
• 8. Use of Economic resources
• 9.Raises the standard of living

26. Summary of Evolution of Transportation in India