The document discusses canal design and presents several examples of calculations using the HCANAL software. It begins with introductions to canals and the HCANAL software. Then, it covers theoretical concepts of canal design including design of rectangular and trapezoidal canal sections. Finally, it presents 7 sample problems demonstrating calculations for discharge, velocity, dimensions and other hydraulic elements using the software. The problems cover a range of canal shapes, materials, slopes and flow conditions.
This spreadsheet is a tool to help the drainage engineer designs a storm sewer pump station by performing a level pool analysis of the pumping system, and storage areas. The settings of the pumps “on” and “off” points, flows, system storage, the storm hydrograph, rainfall depth, and duration, are parameters that could be adjusted to optimize the size of a pump station.
This spreadsheet is a tool to help the drainage engineer designs a storm sewer pump station by performing a level pool analysis of the pumping system, and storage areas. The settings of the pumps “on” and “off” points, flows, system storage, the storm hydrograph, rainfall depth, and duration, are parameters that could be adjusted to optimize the size of a pump station.
Flow Equations for sluice gate.Introduces different flow equations to students which are widely utilized for the design of sluice gates connected to open channel.This tutorial will help to understand and articulate the basic flow equation utilized by designers all over the world.
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It is very simple............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ Just edit it and present it.
Parshall Flume..
It is an important topic in Hydraulic .. In irrigation purpose, Waste Water treatment, Aeration, Industrial water Treatment plant, etc , It is used..
OPEN CHANNEL FLOW AND HYDRAULIC MACHINERY
Open channel flow: Types of flows – Type of channels – Velocity distribution – Energy and momentum correction factors – Chezy’s, Manning’s; and Bazin formula for uniform flow – Most Economical sections. Critical flow: Specific energy-critical depth – computation of critical depth – critical sub-critical – super critical flows
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A final semester thesis done to study the feasibility of a RoR Hydropower in Tila Nadi River, Jumla with the secondary objective of providing water supply to people of Nagma Bazar, Kalikot.
Flow Equations for sluice gate.Introduces different flow equations to students which are widely utilized for the design of sluice gates connected to open channel.This tutorial will help to understand and articulate the basic flow equation utilized by designers all over the world.
Research on the Trajectory of Oil Spill in Near-shore Areainventionjournals
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
It is very simple............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ Just edit it and present it.
Parshall Flume..
It is an important topic in Hydraulic .. In irrigation purpose, Waste Water treatment, Aeration, Industrial water Treatment plant, etc , It is used..
OPEN CHANNEL FLOW AND HYDRAULIC MACHINERY
Open channel flow: Types of flows – Type of channels – Velocity distribution – Energy and momentum correction factors – Chezy’s, Manning’s; and Bazin formula for uniform flow – Most Economical sections. Critical flow: Specific energy-critical depth – computation of critical depth – critical sub-critical – super critical flows
Non-uniform flows –Dynamic equation for G.V.F., Mild, Critical, Steep, horizontal and adverse slopes-surface profiles-direct step method- Rapidly varied flow, hydraulic jump, energy dissipation
A final semester thesis done to study the feasibility of a RoR Hydropower in Tila Nadi River, Jumla with the secondary objective of providing water supply to people of Nagma Bazar, Kalikot.
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Willie Nelson Net Worth: A Journey Through Music, Movies, and Business Venturesgreendigital
Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
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Introduction
Willie Nelson net worth is a testament to his enduring influence and success in many fields. Born on April 29, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. Nelson's journey from a humble beginning to becoming one of the most iconic figures in American music is nothing short of inspirational. His net worth, which estimated to be around $25 million as of 2024. reflects a career that is as diverse as it is prolific.
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Willie Hugh Nelson was born during the Great Depression. a time of significant economic hardship in the United States. Raised by his grandparents. Nelson found solace and inspiration in music from an early age. His grandmother taught him to play the guitar. setting the stage for what would become an illustrious career.
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Willie Nelson net worth is also attributed to his extensive catalog of hit songs. Tracks like "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," "On the Road Again," and "Always on My Mind" have become timeless classics. These songs have not only earned Nelson large royalties but have also ensured his continued relevance in the music industry.
Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
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Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
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The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
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By studying the carbon cycle, scientists can identify carbon sources and sinks, measure carbon fluxes, and predict future trends. This knowledge is crucial for crafting policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing carbon storage, and promoting sustainable practices. The carbon cycle's interplay with climate systems, ecosystems, and human activities underscores its importance in maintaining a stable and healthy planet.
In-depth exploration of the carbon cycle reveals the delicate balance required to sustain life and the urgent need to address anthropogenic influences. Through research, education, and policy, we can work towards restoring equilibrium in the carbon cycle and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.
Artificial Reefs by Kuddle Life Foundation - May 2024punit537210
Situated in Pondicherry, India, Kuddle Life Foundation is a charitable, non-profit and non-governmental organization (NGO) dedicated to improving the living standards of coastal communities and simultaneously placing a strong emphasis on the protection of marine ecosystems.
One of the key areas we work in is Artificial Reefs. This presentation captures our journey so far and our learnings. We hope you get as excited about marine conservation and artificial reefs as we are.
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1. 1
UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE PIURA
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA DE MINAS
ESCUELA DE INGENIERIA DE MINAS
DISEÑO DE CANALES CON
HCANAL
ALUMNA: NAMUCHE VITE, KENIA PETRONILA
DOCENTE: DR. ING. JOSE LUIS VEGA FARFAN
CURSO: MINERIA Y MEDIO AMBIENTE
CICLO ACADEMICO: 2020-I
PIURA, 18 DE NOVIEMBRE DEL 2020
2. 2
ÍNDICE
N° Pag.
INTRODUCCION………………………………………………………… 3
OBJETIVO………………………………………………………………… 4
I. GENERALIDADES
1. CANAL…………………………………………………………….. 5
2. HCANAL…………………………………………………………… 5
II. MARCO TEORICO
3. DISEÑO DE CANALES…………………………………………… 6
4. DISEÑO DE SECCIONES HIDRAULICAS……………………… 7
5. DISEÑO SECCION RECTANGULAR…………………………… 7
6. DISEÑO SECCION TRAPEZOIDAL…………………………….. 8
III. MARCO METODOLOGICO
7. EJERCICIOS PARA SER RESUELTOS………………………….. 8
CONCLUSIONES…………………………………………………….. 18
WEBGRAFIAS………………………………………………………... 18
IV. ANEXOS
8. EJERCICIOS DESARROLLADOS CON HCANAL……………… 19
3. 3
INTRODUCCION
En un proyecto de irrigación la parte que comprende el diseño de los canales y obras
de arte, así como el caudal, constituyen factores importantes en un proyecto de riego.
Factor clave en el diseño es un parámetro que se obtiene sobre la base del tipo de suelo,
cultivo, condiciones climáticas, métodos de riego, etc., es decir mediante la
conjunción de la relación agua – suelo – planta y la hidrología, de manera que cuando
se trata de una planificación de canales, el diseñador tendrá una visión más amplia y
será más eficiente.
En el siguiente informe se desarrollará unos ejercicios aplicando un software que nos
define los diseños de los canales, como lo es HCANAL que es un programa que nos
facilita el diseño de canales y estructuras hidráulicas.
4. 4
OBJETIVOS
Analizar y discutir críticamente el diseño y funcionamiento de canales construidos
y en funcionamiento.
Determinar los factores de los canales que permiten establecer el régimen del flujo
de agua en el canal.
5. 5
I. GENERALIDADES
1. CANALES
En ingeniería se denomina canal a una construcción destinada al transporte de
fluidos generalmente utilizada para agua y que, a diferencia de las tuberías, es
abierta a la atmósfera. También se utilizan como vías artificiales de navegación.
La descripción del comportamiento hidráulico de los canales es una parte
fundamental de la hidráulica y su diseño pertenece al campo de la ingeniería
hidráulica, una de las especialidades de la ingeniería civil e ingeniería agrícola.
Cuando un fluido es transportado por una tubería parcialmente llena, se dice que
cuenta con una cara a la atmósfera, por lo tanto se comporta como un canal.
2. HCANAL
Es un software para el diseño de canales y estructuras hidráulicas. Hcanales se
ha ido actualizando de acuerdo a las necesidades del usuario, a las plataformas de
trabajo y de acuerdo a la arquitectura del computador
6. 6
II. MARCO TEÓRICO
3. DISEÑO DE CANALES
El diseño de un canal comprende su revestimiento y la determinación de las
características hidráulicas como la velocidad y el tirante que permiten establecer
el régimen del flujo de agua en el canal. En el diseño se deben tener en cuenta
ciertos factores, tales como: tipo de material del cuerpo del canal, coeficiente de
rugosidad, velocidad máxima y mínima permitida, pendiente del canal y taludes,
etc.
3.1.Los principales consideración a tomar en cuenta para el diseño de canales
abiertos son:
a) La resistencia al flujo no es la única consideración importante en el diseño y, por
ello, la sección hidráulica óptima no siempre representa la mejor solución, sobre
todo, económica.
b) El área hidráulica es únicamente el área de paso del agua; el volumen total de
excavación debe también incluir libre bordo, bermas, camino de inspección,
cunetas, etc.
c) En el diseño de un canal no recubierto las dimensiones de la sección se deben
elegir de modo que el material resista la acción erosiva del agua, es decir, que el
flujo no erosione las fronteras y modifique su geometría, y con ésta su capacidad
de conducción; también que su costo de operación y mantenimiento sean mínimas
y que su perímetro mojado sea el menor posible para que ocurra la mínima
filtración en el subsuelo.
d) Si la pendiente aumenta, en general se reduce el costo del canal, pero esto puede
significar menor elevación en su extremo final y dominar menores áreas de cultivo
si el canal es de riego, o menor carga disponible sobre las máquinas si es para
alimentar una planta hidroeléctrica.
e) En los canales de fondo y paredes fijas, con o sin recubrimiento de superficie dura,
se debe limitar la velocidad media máxima del flujo para evitar el desgaste y la
erosión continua del cuerpo del canal por efecto de la turbulencia, abrasión y
eventual cavitación.
f) La elección del ancho o del tirante en canales pequeños carece de importancia,
toda vez que la eficiencia hidráulica se ve poco afectada dentro de un intervalo
razonable de la proporción ancho/tirante.
7. 7
4. DISEÑO DE SECCIONES HIDRÁULICAS
Se debe tener en cuenta ciertos factores, tales como: tipo de material del cuerpo
del canal, coeficiente de rugosidad, velocidad máxima y mínima permitida,
pendiente del canal, taludes, etc.
La ecuación más utilizada es la de Manning o Strickler, y su expresión es:
𝑄 =
1
𝑛
∗ 𝐴 ∗ 𝑅
2
3 ∗ 𝑆
1
2
Donde:
Q = Caudal (m3 /s)
n = Rugosidad
A = Área (m2)
R = Radio hidráulico
Área de la sección húmeda / Perímetro húmedo
5. DISEÑO DE SECCION RECTANGULAR
Para un canal rectangular
Talud: Z=0
Área: 𝐴 = 𝑏𝑌
Tirante: 𝑃 = 2𝑌 + 𝑏
Tirante: 𝑇 = 𝑏
Caudal: 𝑄 =
𝑆
1
2
𝑛
∗ 𝐴 ∗ (
𝐴
𝑃
)
2
3 ; 𝑄 =
𝑆1/2
𝑛
∗
𝐴5/3
𝑃2/3
𝑄 =
𝑆1/2
𝑛
∗
(𝑏𝑦)5/3
(2𝑦 + 𝑏)2/3
8. 8
6. DISEÑO DE CANAL DE SECCIÓN TRAPEZOIDAL
Área: 𝐴 = 𝑍𝑌 2 + 𝑏𝑌
Tirante: 𝑃 = 2√𝑧 2 + 1. 𝑌 + 𝑏
Tirante: 𝑇 = 𝑏 + 2𝑍𝑌
Caudal: 𝑄 =
𝑆
1
2
𝑛
∗ 𝐴 ∗ (
𝐴
𝑃
)
2
3
𝑄 =
𝑆
1
2
𝑛
∗
𝐴
𝑃2/3
5
3
𝑄 =
𝑆
1
2
𝑛
∗
(𝑍𝑌2+𝑏𝑌)5/3
(2√𝑍2+1∗𝑌+𝑏)2/3
III. MARCO METODOLÓGICO
7. EJERCICIOS PARA RESOLVER
7.1.Determinar la descarga de un canal trapezoidal que tiene un losa revestida en
concreto (n=0,014) y los taludes con un coeficiente de rugosidad de 0,020, el canal
tiene un ancho de fondo de 3,0 m y la pendiente de los taludes es 60° con la
horizontal, la profundidad de la lámina de agua es 2,0 m y la pendiente de fondo
es 0,009.
10. 10
7.2.Para un canal rectangular con un coeficiente de rugosidad de 0,020, tiene una
pendiente de 0,008, transporta un caudal de 1,05 m3/s. En condiciones de flujo
critico indicar el ancho del canal.
11. 11
7.3.Un canal trapezoidal cuyo ancho del canal es de 1,5 m, tiene un talud igual a 0,75
esta trazado con una pendiente de 0,0008. Si el canal estuviera completamente
revestid o de mampostería, entonces para un caudal de 1,5 m3/s el nivel seria de
0,813 m. si el mismo canal estuviera revestido de concreto, se tendría para un
caudal de 1,2 m3/s un nivel de 0,607 m. calcular la velocidad que se tendría en el
canal, cuando se transporta un caudal de 1,3 m3/s, si el fondo es de concreto y las
paredes de mampostería.
13. 13
7.4.Calcular el caudal que pasa por un canal de eficiencia máxima hidráulica,
conociendo que el ancho es de 1,70 m, y el espejo de agua es 2,90, la pendiente
de 0,002 y el coeficiente de rugosidad de Manning es 0,020.
14. 14
7.5. Determine para una sección de canal triangular los elementos geométricos, si las
profundidades del flujo son 1,50, 2,00, 3,50 y 4,00 m, pero además el canal cuenta
con una altura de sedimentos de 1,00 m constante. Tenga en cuenta que la
profundidad es medida desde el fondo del canal
15. 15
7.6.Por un canal riego de forma trapezoidal circulan 1500 l/s, si el ancho del canal es
4,5 m, y el talud es 1:1, determine la energía específica y tipo de régimen se
presenta en cada profundidad, para las siguientes profundidades que presenta el
canal en tiempo de verano (0,50, 1,00, 1,50).
17. 17
7.7.Calcular el ancho de la base (b) y la profundidad del flujo (y) para un canal
trapezoidal con una So=0.0016 y conduce un caudal de diseño de 400 pies3/s. El
canal se excava en tierra que contiene gravas gruesas no coloidal y cantos
redondos, talud (m) 2:1y la velocidad máxima permisible vale 4.5 pies/s y en base
al tipo de material donde se excava el canal n=0.25.
18. 18
CONCLUSIONES
Se concluye que las diferentes características del canal optimizan y economizan
el diseño de un canal
El software hcanal es muy fácil de manejar, nos permite calcular y analizar en si
los resultados que proporcionemos.
WEBGRAFIA
https://www.hidraulicafacil.com/2016/02/DisenioCanal.html
http://repositorio.lamolina.edu.pe/bitstream/handle/UNALM/3492/madue%C3%
B1o-auris-alcides-anibal.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y