The document discusses digital literacy in 21st-century education, highlighting the evolution of the internet from ARPANET to Web 2.0 and the emergence of user-generated content. It addresses the challenges posed by new media on copyright, censorship, and the necessity for media literacy in an increasingly digital society. Furthermore, it raises questions regarding internet governance and the impact of information freedom on education and society.

1. Topics in Internet and Education PGDE Forum on 'Digital Literacy in 21 st Century Schooling' Charles Mok Internet Society Hong Kong April 26, 2010

2. Agenda A brief history of the Internet Web 2.0 Social Media Creative Commons Information Freedom Media Literacy Internet governance

3. A brief history of the Internet, Part 1 ARPANET: 1969 A network that does not go down Packet network A network of network Defense -> research -> public The design of the Internet explains many of the 'problems' we face today Dr Vint Cerf, 'Father of the Internet'

4. A brief history of the Internet, Part 2 World-Wide Web Launched in 1990 by researchers at CERN in Geneva Hypertext concept by Sir Tim Berners-Lee Hyperlinks HTML (hypertext markup language) Mosaic -> Netscape -> Internet Explorer -> today: Firefox, Chrome, Safari, Opera, etc.

5. From Web 1.0 to Web 2.0 Top-down 'Content is king' – publishers' model 'Information superhighway' Request and receive information Transactions Bottom Up User Generated Content Interactive Sharing Free (both senses) Long tail

6. One network, two worlds? Network services for adults Information: news etc. Transactions: banking etc. Topical discussion forums Communications: Skype, etc. Network services for young people Blogs Social networks Forums IM Online games P2P etc.

7. Who are our Consumer 2.0?

8. Digital Natives Digital Natives, Digital Immigrants – Marc Prensky 2001 'Our students have changed radically. Today's students are no longer the people our educational system was designed to teach.' 'Our Digital Immigrant instructors, who speak an outdated language (that of the pre-digital age), are struggling to teach a population that speaks an entirely new language.' School didn't teach me to read—I learned from my games.

9. Social Media The evolution of users' self expression From blogs to social networks (social media) Emphasis on relationship (e.g. friends, followers) Prevalence Privacy issues

10. Facebook 2.5 million users in Hong Kong #6 penetration region in the world Checkfacebook.com

11. 社會網絡例二： Twitter

12. 社會網絡例二：新浪微博

13. YouTube

14. 論壇 (forums)

15. http://zh.wikipedia.org/

16. New media's challenge to copyright The dominance of user-generated content Users want to share, even freely Share, re-use, remix From read-only to read-write From 'all rights reserved' to 'some rights reserved' From private to public interest

17. Creative Commons Lawrence Lessig @HKU 2008.10.24 Free Culture and Free Society http://hk.creativecommons.org/2008/11/20/videos/langswitch_lang/zh

19. Creative Commons http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qzC99sf2u7g

20. Free Knowledge: OOPS http://www.myoops.org/twocw/

21. Information Freedom vs. Censorship Great Firewall of China Exit of Google search engine from China market Filtering at gateway -> Surveillance at client/ service providers level (e.g. Green Dam, Blue Dam) Cyber warface Hillary Clinton: Foreign Policy 2.0 Security as a reason or excuse for nations to censor

22. Information Freedom vs. Censorship More attempts to control even from Western democracies Australia: attempts to impose 'mandatory filtering at ISP level' Wikileaks: government blacklists contain political sites Intellectual property 'protection': possible impact on information freedom France: three-strikes legislation UK: Digital Ecomony Act Hong Kong COIAO: Online Article 23?

23. Market of information (1800-2020) http://www.baekdal.com/articles/Management/market-of-information/

24. Media Literacy From computer literacy to information literacy to media literacy Way beyond 'eLearning' Media literacy aims to enable people to be skillful creators and producers of media messages, both to facilitate an understanding as to the strengths and limitations of each medium, as well as to create independent media. ( Wikipedia ) Challenges for all

25. Internet Governance Who owns the Internet? Who runs the Internet? Critical Internet resources IP address (IPv4, IPv6) Domain names ICANN IG issues Accessibility Diversity Openness Security & Privacy CIR Development Capacity Building

26. Internet Governance Forum UN WSIS -> IGF Lithuania (Sep 2010)

27. IGF in Hong Kong Youth IGF (Jun 12-14, 2010) Asia Pacific Regional IGF Roundtable (Jun 14-16, 2010) Hong Kong IGF Conference (Jun 17-18, 2010)

28. 莫乃光 Charles Mok [email_address] http://www.charlesmok.hk http://www.isoc.hk