Toefl grammar tutorial

FATTAH RAZZAQ PUBLISHI G I DO ESIA [FIRST EDITIO ]

BASIC TUTORIAL
FOR ANSWERING
TOEFL GRAMMAR

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Cetakan 1 : Oktober 2012

Penulis : FATTAH RAZZAQ PUBLISHI G

Penyunting : FATTAH RAZZAQ PUBLISHI G

Tataletak dan desain : FATTAH RAZZAQ PUBLISHI G

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KATA PE GA TAR

Test Of English as Foreign Language atau TOEFL bukanlah hal yang baru lagi
bagi masyarakat seluruh penduduk di dunia termasuk di Indonesia. Sebagian
masyarakat indonesia beranggapan bahwa menjawab soal TOEFL itu adalah hal
yang sulit dan banyaknya jebakan-jebakan dalam soal TOEFL .

Ada tiga bagian tes TOEFL yang harus dikerjakan oleh peserta tes. Bagian
pertama adalah soal-soal yang mengukur kemampuan Listening Comprehension
dalam jumlah 50 soal, Structure & Written Expression 40 soal dan Reading
Comprehension 50 soal.

Dalam buku ini akan di bahas beberapa trik dalam menjawab soal Grammar
TOEFL dengan cepat dan disertai dengan langkah-langkah yang praktis dalam
menjawab soal TOEFL dan buku ini GRATIS alias tidak berbayar.

Akhir kata Penulis menyadari bahwa buku ini masih jauh dari sempurna . oleh
karena itu kami sangat mengharapkan kritik dan saran yang membangun dapat
di kirim ke jualbeli.advertising@yahoo.com atau mengunjungi blog di
http//www.juual-beeli.blogspot.com/.

Medan , Oktober 2012

FATTAH RAZZAQ PUBLISHING


Daftar Isi

Basic Mindmap ..................................................................................................1

Skill 1 : Pastikan kalimat mempunyai subjek dan verb ....................................2

Skill 2 : Hati-hati dengan object of preposition ................................................4

Skill 3 : Hati-hati dengan appositive .................................................................8


BASIC MI DMAP

1. Pastikan Setiap Kalimat mempunyai Subjek dan Verb

Kalimat Dengan Satu Klausa 2. Hati-Hati dengan object of Preposition

3. Hati-Hati dengan Appositives




1

SKILL 1 : PASTIKA SETIAP KALIMAT MEMPU YAI SEBUAH SUBJEK DA
VERB

KEYWORD :

SUBJEK => pelaku utama dalam kalimat

VERB= > kata kerja (pekerjaan yang di lakukan oleh subyek)

JURUS AMPUH 1 : PASTIKA BAHWA SETIAP KALIMAT HA YA MEMPU YAI
MASI G MASI G SATU VERB DA SATU SUBJEK

Contoh :

The new computer program has provides a variety of helpfull application

Question : is this sentence correct ?

Jawaban :

(Analisa) Pada jurus ampuh yang pertama yang bahwa setiap kalimat harus
mempunyai satu verb dan satu subjek

Maka kalimat tersebut akan kita pecah

The new computer program has provides a variety of helpfull application
Subjek v v

Kalimat diatas tidak lah efektif karena mempunyai dua verb dan sesuai dengan jurus
pertama maka kalimat tersebut tidak efektif

Kalimat yang efektif ( correct sentence ) :

The new computer program has a variety of helpfull application

The new computer program provides a variety of helpfull application

Answer : OT CORRECT http://www.juual-beeli.blogspot.com/



http://www.juual-beeli.blogspot.com/ 2

EXAMPLE :

Yesterday went to school by bus

Question : is it correct?

Jawab :

Maka perlu kita membuat struktur kalimat :

Yesterday went to school by bus
Ket . waktu v
Pada kalimat diatas sudah terdapat ket.waktu dan verb. Tetapi pada kalimat di
atas ada kekurangan yaitu tidak di temukannya subjek pada kalimat di atas.Karena
tidak terdapat subjek dalam kalimat di atas maka kalimat tersebut bukan merupakan
kalimat yang efektif.

Correct Answer :
Yesterday (subjek) went to school by bus
Yesterday I went to school by bus
Yesterday he went to school by bus

EXAMPLE :

The box can be opened only with a special screwdriver

Analisis :

The box can be opened only with a special screwdriver
Subjek Verb

Pada analisis di atas bahwa pada kalimat tersebut mempunyai masing masing satu
subjek dan satu verb. Can be opened sebuah verb karena kalimat tersebut merupakan
kalimat passive sehingga harus menggunakan V3 yaitu opened.

Answer : CORRECT SE TE CE



3

2. HATI HATI DE GA OBJECT OF PREPOSITIO

Keyword :
OBJECT OF PREPOSITIO => words after preposition (kata setelah preposition)
Contoh :

At noon
Preposition noun

Behind them

Behind = preposition; them = pronoun or the object of the preposition.

Without sneezing

Without = preposition; sneezing = gerund or the object of the preposition.

The object of the preposition will often have modifiers that add description:

At the kitchen counter

At = preposition; the, kitchen = modifiers; counter = noun or the object of the
preposition.

Between us only

Between = preposition; us = pronoun or the object of the preposition; only = modifier.

Without completely finishing

Without = preposition; completely = modifier; finishing = gerund or the object of the
preposition.

EXAMPLE :
From the beginning of the storm, Dorothy was sure she would make it home.
Tentukan object preposition dari kalimat diatas .
Jawab :
Langkah 1 : Identifikasi terlebih dahulu preposition dari kalimat di atas .
From the beginning of the storm, Dorothy was sure she would make it home.
Langkah 2 : Jurus ampuh : WORDS AFTER PREPOSITIO maka jawabannya :
----- > BEGI I G merupakan object of preposition dari FROM
------> STORM merupakan object of preposition dari OF


Example :
1. The name of the baby in the crib is Ucok.

Apakah kalimat diatas correct ?

Jawaban :

Langkah 1 : Identifikasi subjek dari Kalimat di atas.

The name of the baby in the crib is Ucok
Subjek

Langkah 2 : Identifikasi verb dari kalimat di atas

The name of the baby in the crib is Ucok
Verb

Langkah 3 : Identifikasi Object of Preposition

The name of the baby in the crib is Ucok.

Answer :

Kalimat ini Benar (True) karena adanya Subjek,Verb dan Objek Preposition.

2. By the next meeting of the class need to turn in the papers.

Apakah kalimat diatas Correct ?

Jawaban :

Langkah 1 : Identifikasi subjek dari kalimat di atas

By the next meeting of the class need to turn in the papers. ( O SUBJECT )

Langkah 2 : Identifikasi Verb dari kalimat di atas

By the next meeting of the class need to turn in the papers. ( EED = VERB )

Langkah 3 : Identifikasi Objek of preposition

By the next meeting of the class need to turn in the papers.

A SWER :

Kalimat ini salah (False), karena tidak terdapat subjek pada kalimat di atas.


3. The directions to the exercise on page 20 unclear.

Apakah kalimat diatas correct ?

Jawaban :

Langkah 1 : Identifikasi Subjek dari kalimat diatas

The directions to the exercise on page 20 unclear.(DIRECTIO S = SUBJEK)


The directions to the exercise on page 20 unclear.( O VERB FOU D)

Langkah 3 : Identifikasi Objek Of preposition

The directions to the exercise on page 20 unclear. (EXERCISE = OBJECT OF PREPOSITIO )

A SWER

Kalimat ini salah (false) karena tidak adanya verb

4. In the summer the trip to the mountains is our favorite trip.

Jawaban :

Langkah 1 : Identifikasi Subjek dari kalimat di atas

In the summer the trip to the mountains is our favorite trip. (TRIP = SUBJEK)

Langkah 2 : Identifikasi verb dari kalimat di atas

In the summer the trip to the mountains is our favorite trip (IS = VERB)

Langkah 3 : Identifikasi Object of preposition

In the summer the trip to the mountains is our favorite trip

A SWER :

Kalimat ini benar (true) karena memiliki subjek + Verb + Objek Of preposition





5. With her purse in her hand ran through the door.

Jawaban :

Langkah 1 : Identifikasi Subjek dari kalimat di atas

With her purse in her hand ran through the door. ( O SUBJEK FOU D )


With her purse in her hand ran through the door. ( RA = VERB )

Langkah 3 : Identifikasi Object Of Preposition

With her purse in her hand ran through the door. (FOU D)

A SWER

Kalimat ini salah (False) karena tidak ada subjek

7

3. HATI-HATI DE GA APPOSITIVES

Appositive : 'informasi tambahan' atau 'additional information' yang berfungsi
memperjelas Subject atau Object sebuah kalimat dan biasanya apabila Appositive
tersebut di hilangkan tidak menghilangkan makna dari kalimat tersebut.

Example :

The insect, a cockroach, is crawling across the kitchen table.

The insect, a large cockroach, is crawling across the kitchen table.

The insect, a large cockroach with hairy legs, is crawling across the kitchen table.

The insect, a large, hairy-legged cockroach that has spied my bowl of oatmeal, is
crawling across the kitchen table.

During the dinner conversation, Clifford, the messiest eater at the table, spewed mashed
potatoes like an erupting volcano.

My 286 computer, a modern-day dinosaur, chews floppy disks as noisily as my brother
does peanut brittle.

Genette's bedroom desk, the biggest disaster area in the house, is a collection of overdue
library books, dirty plates, computer components, old mail, cat hair, and empty potato chip
bags.

Reliable, Diane's eleven-year-old beagle, chews holes in the living room carpeting as if he
were still a puppy.

A hot-tempered tennis player, Robbie charged the umpire and tried to crack the poor man's
skull with a racket.

Robbie, a hot-tempered tennis player, charged the umpire and tried to crack the poor man's
skull with a racket.

8

Exercise :

Earth, the only planet in our galaxy known to support life, is sometimes called the third
rock from the sun.

Question : temukan appositive pada kalimat diatas

Answer :

Langkah pertama : Identifikasi subjek

Earth, the only planet in our galaxy known to support life, is sometimes called the third rock
from the sun . (FOU D SUBJECT )

Langkah kedua : Identifikasi appositive

Earth, the only planet in our galaxy known to support life, is sometimes called the third
rock from the sun . (FOU D APPOSITIVE )

Langkah ketiga : Hilangkan appositive dan pastikan tidak merubah makna kalimat

Earth is sometimes called the third rock from the sun.(correct)

Answer :

Kalimat ini adalah benar

2. My friend , Jenny, loves to go shopping every Saturday.

Question : Temukan subjek dan appositive dari kalimat diatas

Answer :

Langkah 1 : identifikasi subjek dari kalimat diatas

My friend , Jenny, loves to go shopping every Saturday. (MY FRIE D is subject)

Kenapa my friend ???
karena pada kata jenny telah di dahului oleh tanda koma(,) sehingga subjectnya adalah my
friend

Langkah 2 : identifikasi appositive dari kalimat di atas

My friend , Jenny, loves to go shopping every Saturday. (JE Y IS APPOSITIVE)

Langkah ketiga : Hilangkan appositive dan pastikan tidak merubah makna kalimat

My Friend loves to go shopping every Saturday(correct)

9

3. Kombinasikan 2 kalimat berikut dengan appositives

The fastest motorcycle in indonesia is jupiter mx.

Jupiter MX is my motorcycle.

Answer : The fastest motorcycle in indonesia, Jupiter MX, is my motor cycle.


Latihan

Temukan Appositive phrase dari kalimat berikut

1. The term shopping often conjures images of crowded malls.

2. She calls shopping serious fun, or a glorious waste of time.

3. She moved, almost danced, around the store quickl,enjoying herself

4. Jenny, a fastidious shopper, decided to buy the green suitcase instead of a sweater
at the sale.

5. Later that day, I went back to buy that same sweater, a red and wolly import from
scotland

6. The sweater, soft and silky,was a pleasure to wear

Answer :

1. The term shopping often conjures images of crowded malls

2. She calls shopping serious fun, or a glorious waste of time.

3. She moved, almost danced, around the store quickl,enjoying herself

4. Jenny, a fastidious shopper, decided to buy the green suitcase instead of a sweater at
the sale.

5. Later that day, I went back to buy that same sweater, a red and wolly import from
scotland

6. The sweater, soft and silky,was a pleasure to wear

11

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