TLE_INDUSTRIAL ARTS EXPLORATORY COURSE_9_10.pdf

Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
DepEd Complex, Meralco Avenue
Pasig City
REVISED K TO 12 CURRICULUM GUIDE
TECHNOLOGY AND LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION
(TLE)
Grades 9 to 10
INDUSTRIAL ARTS (IA)

K to 12 BASIC EDUCATION CURRICULUM
Technology and Livelihood Education (TLE)
Grades 9 to 10/ INDUSTRIAL ARTS
K to 12 Technology and Livelihood Education Curriculum Guide Page 2 of 59
Learning Materials are uploaded at http://lrmds.deped.gov.ph.
Component/Sector: IA/ Automotive and Small Engine Servicing
Description: This curriculum guide deals with the concepts, principles, and practice skills required in the Automotive and Small Engine Sector under
the Industrial Arts.
Quarter I/III
CONTENT
CONTENT STANDARD
The learner demonstrates
an understanding in/of…
PERFORMANCE STANDARD
The learner…
LEARNING COMPETENCIES CODE
Fundamentals in Automotive and
Small Engine Services
● development of an
automotive engine
● service specifications
manuals
o service literature
o generic service manuals
o lubrication service manual
o owners workshop manuals
fundamentals in
automotive and small
engine services
explains the fundamentals in
automotive and small engine
services
1. interprets the fundamentals in
automotive and small engine services
TLE_IA_ASES
9/10-I/III-a-1
Tools, Materials, Consumables, and
Equipment for Automotive and Small
Engine Servicing
tools, materials,
consumables, and test
equipment for automotive
and small engine servicing
explains tools, materials,
consumables, and test
equipment for automotive and
small engine servicing
2. discusses tools, materials,
consumables, and equipment
TLE_IA_
ASES9/10-I/III-
a-b-2
Component Parts of Automotive and
Small Engine Systems (Electrical)
● ignition
● starting
component parts of
automotive and small
engine systems
(electrical)
explains component parts of
automotive and small engine
systems
(electrical)
3. distinguishes the component parts of
automotive and small engine systems
(electrical)
TLE_IA_
ASES9/10-I/III-
c-3

CONTENT
CONTENT STANDARD
an understanding in/of…
The learner…
● charging
● computer
● lighting
Diagrams of Engine Electrical
System
● components
● signs and symbols
diagram of an engine
electrical system
illustrates a diagram of an
engine electrical system
4. draws a diagram of an engine
electrical system
TLE_IA_
ASES9/10-
I/III-c-d-4
Ignition System
● parts and functions
parts and functions of the
ignition system
explains the parts and functions
of the ignition system
5. describes the parts and functions of
the ignition system
TLE_IA_
ASES9/10-
I/III-d-5
Moving and Positioning Vehicle for
Servicing
● role of service personnel as:
o driver
o technicians
● safety measures
moving and positioning of
vehicle for servicing
performs moving and
positioning vehicle for servicing
with safety
6. applies moving and positioning
vehicle for servicing with safety
TLE_IA_
ASES9/10-
I/III-e-6
Ignition System Servicing
● types of troubles
● types of diagnostic tests
● servicing procedure for
ignition system
servicing an ignition
system
performs an ignition system
service with safety precautions
7. applies servicing of an ignition system
with safety precautions
TLE_IA_
ASES9/10-
I/III-f-i-7

Quarter II/IV
CONTENT
CONTENT STANDARD
an understanding of/in…
The learner…
Engine Operation
● two stroke cycle
● four stroke cycle
engine operation distinguishes the engine
operation
1. differentiates types of engine
operation
TLE_IA_
ASES9/10-
II/IV-a-1
Engine Construction
● cylinder head, cylinder
block, and manifolds
● crankshaft, bearings, rods,
pistons, and rings
engine construction explains how to construct an
engine
2. describes engine construction TLE_IA_
ASES9/10-
II/IV-b-c-2
Engine Services
● engine tune-up procedure
o gas engine
o diesel engine
engine services with safety
precautions
performs engine servicing with
safety precautions
3. applies engine servicing with safety
precautions
TLE_IA_
ASES9/10-
II/IV-d-h-3
Service Costing
● flat rate manuals
● manpower (labor cost)
● material costs
elements of cost for labor
and materials for servicing
computes costing for labor and
materials for services
4. calculates labor and material
costing for services
TLE_IA_
ASES9/10-
II/IV-i-4

Glossary
automotive
charging system
crankshaft
cycle
cylinder block
cylinder head
component parts
diagnostic test
diesel engine
engine
flat rate manual
four stroke cycle
hand tools
ignition
ignition system
lighting system
manifold
owner’s manual
- pertains to the design, operation, manufacture, or sale of automobiles; a propelled by a self-contained motor,
engine, or the like.
- electrical system responsible to maintain the charge in the vehicle battery which provides the main source of
electrical energy to supply lighting and other electrical devices such as horn.
- a one-piece steel casting or forging that serves as the main rotating member, or shaft, of the engine. The
crankshaft has offset journals to which the connecting rods are attached. It converts their up-and-down
(reciprocating) motion into circular (rotary) motion.
- a series of events that repeat themselves. In the automotive engine, the four-piston strokes together produce
power.
- the basic framework of the engine, in and on which the other engine parts are attached. it includes the engine
cylinders and the upper part of the crankcase.
- the part of the engine that covers and encloses the cylinders and the upper part of the crankcase.
- a small part that can be considered separately from the whole.
- a digital analysis of the car’s various computer systems and components
- an engine operating on the diesel cycle and burning diesel fuel oil instead of gasoline.
- a machine that converts heat energy into mechanical energy; a device that burns fuel to produce mechanical
power; is sometimes referred to as a power plant; produces power to move the vehicle.
- also called a parts and time guide, it lists the estimated cost of parts. A service writer or a business owner will
use it to give a fairly accurate estimate to customers.
- the four piston strokes – intake, compression, power, and exhaust – that make up the complete cycle of events in
the four-stroke cycle such tools as socket, wrenches, and screwdrivers engine. also called four-cycle and four-
stroke.
- the action of the spark in starting the burning of the compressed air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber of a
spark-ignition engine. in a diesel engine, the start of the burning of fuel after its temperature has been raised by
the heat of compression.
- in the spark-ignition engine, the system that furnishes high voltage sparks to the cylinders, at the proper time, to
fire the compressed air-fuel mixture.
- electrical system responsible to operate the lighting and signaling devices mounted or integrated to the front, rear
and sides of the vehicle.
- a device with several inlet or outlet passageways through which a gas or liquid is gathered or distributed.
- a booklet that comes with a new car.

piston
piston ring
service manual
small engine
starting system
trouble
tune-up
two-stroke cycle
- a movable part fitted into a cylinder, which can receive or transmit motion as a result of pressure changes in a
fluid. In the engine, the round plug slides up and down in the cylinder and which, through the connecting rod,
forces the crankshaft to rotate.
- a part that seals the piston to the cylinder.
- manual containing all the most used specifications for the vehicle.
- a stationary engine whose framework does not move when the engine operates. It may drive a variety of
immobile equipment such as pumps and generators.
- electrical system responsible to turn the crankshaft in order to start the engine
- any disturbance or abnormal condition that affects the operation of an engine, machine, circuit, or system.
- a procedure for inspecting, testing, and adjusting an engine, and replacing any worn parts to restore engine
performance.
- the two piston strokes during which fuel intake, compression, combustion, and exhaust take place in a two-stroke
cycle engine.

References:
3G ELearning LLC. Automotive Electrical Assembly: Intermediate. New York: 3G E-Learning LLC, 2016.
3G ELearning LLC. Basic Mechanics. New York: 3G E-Learning LLC, 2016.
Crouse, William H., and Donald L. Anglin. Automotive Mechanics. 10th Edition. New York: McGraw-Hill School Publishing Company, 2004
Erichhorn, Lane, and Drew Corincheck. Shop Manual for Automotive Brake Systems. New York: Delmar Publishers, 1996.
Francisco, Felizardo Y. Automobile Trouble Shooting: Fundamentals. National Bookstore, Inc., 1985
Francisco, Felizardo Y. Principles of Automotive-Gas and Diesel Engine. Second Edition. National Bookstore, Inc., 2014
Francisco, Felizardo Y. The Automotive Drive Trains and Chassis Unit. National Bookstore, Inc., 2004
Gilles, Tim. Automotive Service: Inspection, Maintenance, Repair. Third Edition. Delmar Cengage Learning, 2008.
Hollembeak, Barry. Automotive Electricity, Electronics, & Computer Controls. Delmar Publishers, 1999.
Office, Department of Education. 2016. K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum Guide for Automotive Servicing NC I. www.deped.gov.ph/wp-
content/uploads/2019/01/Automotive-Servicing-NC-I-CG.pdf.
Office, Technical Education and Skills Development Authority-Qualification Standards. 2013. "Training Regulations for Automotive Servicing NCI." Technical
Education and Skills Development Authority-Qualification Standards Office.
Ong, June V. Basic Techniques and Principles of Defensive Driving. Valenzuela City: Tru-Copy Publishing House, Inc. 2012.

Component/Sector: IA/Electrical and Electronics
Description: This curriculum guide deals with the concepts, principles, and practice skills required in the Electrical and Electronics servicing Sector
under the Industrial Arts.
Quarter I/III
CONTENT
CONTENT STANDARD
The learner
demonstrates an
understanding in/of…
PERFORMANCE
STANDARD
The learner…
Fundamentals of electrical and
electronics services
the fundamentals of
electrical and electronics
services
explains the fundamentals
of electrical and electronics
services
1. discusses electrical and electronics
services
TLE_IA_EES
9/10_I-a-1
Materials and/or components for
electrical installation and
electronics servicing and repair
● electrical components
● electronics components
(passive and active
components
● types of Printed Circuit
Board (PCB)
the types of materials,
and/or components for
electronics servicing and
repair
classifies the types of
materials and/or components
for electrical installation and
electronics servicing and
repair
1.
2. differentiates the types of materials
and/or components for electrical
installation and electronics
servicing and repair
TLE_IA_EEE
S9/10_I-b-2

CONTENT
CONTENT STANDARD
The learner
demonstrates an
PERFORMANCE
STANDARD
The learner…
Circuit diagrams
● schematic
● wiring
● block
● line diagram
circuit diagrams used in
electrical and electronics
services
creates a circuit diagram 3. drafts a circuit diagram TLE_IA_EE
ES9/10_I-c-
e-3

CONTENT
CONTENT STANDARD
The learner
demonstrates an
PERFORMANCE
STANDARD
The learner…
Household electrical installation
● switches (SPST,
SPDT, 3-way, 4-way,
ganged switches)
● convenience outlets
● circuit protection
devices
Power supply assembly
● etching process
● soldering practices
● power supply
assembly (bridge-type
rectifier with 12V
output)
electronics servicing
performs an electrical
installation and electronic
product assembly procedures
4. applies procedures in electrical
installation with safety precautions
5. applies procedures in electronic
product assembly with safety
precautions
TLE_IA_EE
S9/10_I-f-g-
4
TLE_IA_EE
DS_9/10_I-
h-i-5

Quarter II/IV
CONTENT
CONTENT STANDARD
The learner
demonstrates an
understanding of/in…
PERFORMANCE
STANDARD
The learner…
Residential Refrigeration
● refrigeration system
o mechanical
o electrical
● refrigeration cycle
● types of refrigerants
● conventional and inverter
type
refrigeration system explains the different kinds of
refrigeration system
1. differentiates between the two
kinds of refrigeration systems
TLE_IA_EE
DS_9/10_II/
-a-b-1
Residential electrical wiring
connection and electronic
products
● preventive maintenance
● diagnostic troubleshooting
servicing residential
electrical wiring
connection and
electronic products
demonstrates residential
electrical wiring connection
and electronic products with
safety precautions
2. applies servicing procedures for
electrical wiring and electronic
products with safety precautions
TLE_IA_EE
DS_9/10_II
-b-h-2
Service Costing
● manpower (labor cost)
● material costing
elements of cost for
labor and materials for
servicing
computes costing for labor
and materials for services
3. calculates labor and material
costing for services
TLE_IA_EE
DS_9/10_II
-h-i-3

CONTENT
CONTENT STANDARD
The learner
demonstrates an
understanding of/in…
PERFORMANCE
STANDARD
The learner…

GLOSSARY OF TERMS
appliances - Electrically powered devices used at home. Also known as electrical load.
audio/visual equipment Includes televisions, radios, monitors, cameras, closed circuit television, mono and stereo sound systems, gaming
machines, electronic display panels, cassette recorders, video cassette recorders, CD-ROM players, tape recorders,
sound and video duplication equipment, digital versatile discs, digital audio tapes, professional and domestic speaker
systems, and mixer desks.
component- Often categorized as active (e.g., transistors and thyristors) or passive (e.g., resistors and capacitors).
electronic products Generally referred to as electronic consumer products such as large and small household appliances, televisions,
audio/video machines including its accessories, digital receivers, phones, lightings, health care and cameras and
video surveillance equipment.
equipment A component part of an installation used for a particular purpose
modifications Changes to the physical parameters or operational function of a device, component, or piece of equipment or apparatus
Printed circuit boards (PCBs) Used to support and connect electronic components using copper foil onto a nonconductive substrate
Servicing Undertaking routine inspection, repair and maintenance of circuits, systems or apparatus; maintaining, fault finding and
repair of equipment
source Source of electrical energy, batteries, PV cells, generator.
switch Device for turning electrical equipment on or off
wiring systems Permitted cables, enclosures, supports, and accessories for power, measurement, control, or communications purposes.

References:
Barbacena, Cherrypyn B., Romeo S. Ebonite. Technology and Livelihood Education (TLE) K-12 Oriented. Manila: MET Review Center,2020.
Department of Education. “Technology and Livelihood Education (TLE) and Technical-Vocational-Livelihood (TVL) Track”. Accessed August 17,2022.
https://www.deped.gov.ph/k-to-12/about/k-to-12-basic-education-curriculum/technology-and-livelihood-education-tle-and-technical-vocational-livelihood-tvl-
track/.
Ebonite, Romeo S. Domestic Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Servicing Volume II . Quezon City. Philippines: Rex Bookstore, 2017.
Ebonite, Romeo S. Domestic Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Servicing Volume I . Quezon City. Philippines: Rex Bookstore, 2016.
Malvino, Albert, and David Bates. ELECTRONIC PRINCIPLES. New York: McGraw-Hill Education, 2007.
Stokes, Geoffrey, and John Badley. A PRACTICAL GUIDE WIRING AND REGULATIONS. United Kingdom: Wiley, 2009
Technical Education and Skills Development Authority. “Training Regulations.” Accessed August 17, 2022
https://www.tesda.gov.ph/Download/Training_Regulations?Searchcat=Training%20Regulations.

Component/Sector: Residential Carpentry
Description: This curriculum guide deals with basic concepts and principles in wood project fabrication and repair servicing of interior and exterior
components of a residential house; this covers doors, windows, floors, roofs, ceiling, counter tops, stairs, railings, wall partitions and decorative molding.
Quarter I/III
CONTENT
CONTENT STANDARD
PERFORMANCE
STANDARD
The learner…
LEARNING
COMPETENCIES
The learner…
CODE
Introduction to Carpentry
● Rough Carpentry
● Finishing
Carpentry,
● Woodworking and
fabrication
Career / Business opportunities
principles, concepts, and career /
business opportunities in
carpentry.
explains principles,
concepts, and career /
carpentry.
1. discusses principles and
concepts in carpentry.
2. discusses career /
carpentry.
TLE_IA_RC
9/10_I/III-a-
1
TLE_IA_RC
9/10_I/III-a-
2

CONTENT
CONTENT STANDARD
PERFORMANCE
STANDARD
The learner…
LEARNING
COMPETENCIES
The learner…
CODE
Wood Lumber, Bamboo, and
Rattan Types
● Types of Wood Lumber,
Bamboo, and Rattan
● Wood Lumber Cuts and
Applications
● Defects
● New Technologies for
Bamboo Made Products
Carpentry By-products
● Wood
o plywood
o plyboard
● Non-wood
o composite Materials
o engineered Bamboo
principles and concepts of wood
lumber, bamboo, and rattan
classification.
principles and concepts of
carpentry by-products.
explains principles and
concepts of wood lumber,
bamboo, and rattan
classification.
explains principles and
concepts of carpentry by-
products.
3. discusses the wood
lumber, bamboo, and
rattan classification.
4. recognizes the use
of carpentry by-products.
TLE_IA_RC
9/10_I/III-a-
3
TLE_IA_RC
9/10_I/III-a-
4

CONTENT
CONTENT STANDARD
PERFORMANCE
STANDARD
The learner…
LEARNING
COMPETENCIES
The learner…
CODE
Forestry Regulatory Laws
● DENR Administrative
Orders 2021-05 (“Rules
and regulations
governing the
establishment, harvest
and transport of
bamboo”)
Orders 2021-
11 (“Revised regulations
governing the
establishment and
operations of wood
processing plants”)
Order No. 89-04 (“Rattan
cutting contract and other
party to cut gather and
transport rattan”)
principles and concepts related to
forestry regulatory laws.
explains the principles
and concepts related to
5. discusses the principles
and concepts related to
TLE_IA_RC
9/10_I/III-b-
5

CONTENT
CONTENT STANDARD
PERFORMANCE
STANDARD
The learner…
LEARNING
COMPETENCIES
The learner…
CODE
Wood Lumber Computation and
Pricing
● Board Meter
Computation
● Board Foot Computation
principles and concepts in wood
lumber calculation and pricing.
performs wood lumber
calculation and pricing.
6. applies wood lumber
calculation and pricing.
TLE_IA_RC
9/10_I/III-b-
c-6
Carpentry Power Tools and
Equipment
Power tools:
● circular saw
● jigsaw
● miter saw
● Planer
● Router
Equipment:
● bandsaw
● jointer machine
● table saw
● wood lathe machine
principles and concepts in using
and maintaining carpentry power
tools, and equipment
maintenance.
performs the use of power
tools and equipment
maintenance.
7. demonstrates the use of
power tools and equipment
with safety.
TLE_IA_RC
9/10_I/III-c-
d-7
TLE_IA_RC
9/10_I/III-e-
8

CONTENT
CONTENT STANDARD
PERFORMANCE
STANDARD
The learner…
LEARNING
COMPETENCIES
The learner…
CODE
Maintenance of Power Tools
and Equipment
● storage
● care
8. demonstrates the
maintenance of power tools,
and equipment.
Handling and Storing of
Consumables
● hardwares
● laminations
● wood
● wood fasterners
● wood finishing materials
principles and concepts
of handling and storing of
consumables.
explains the handling and
storing of consumables.
9. discusses the handling
and storing of
consumables.
TLE_IA_RC
9/10_I/III-e-
9

CONTENT
CONTENT STANDARD
PERFORMANCE
STANDARD
The learner…
LEARNING
COMPETENCIES
The learner…
CODE
Common Wood Joint
● butt
● mortise and tenon joints.
● splice miter
principles and concepts in wood
joints.
performs wood joints. 10. demonstrates
procedure in wood joints
with safety.
TLE_IA_RC
9/10_I/III-f-
10
Project Planning
● Parts of Project Plan
o title
o objectives
o tools and
materials
o safety
precautions
o orocedures
o working
drawing
principles and concepts of project
planning.
develops a project plan. 11. prepares a project
plan.
TLE_IA_RC
9/10_I/III-f-
g-11

CONTENT
CONTENT STANDARD
PERFORMANCE
STANDARD
The learner…
LEARNING
COMPETENCIES
The learner…
CODE
● Costing and
Canvassing of Materials
Project Market Value
Fabrication Wood/
Bamboo/Rattan Project (furniture
/fixture)
Types of Wood Finishing
● Laminating
● Painting
● Pyro Finishing
● Varnishing
principles of construction of basic
wood/bamboo/rattan project.
performs
wood/bamboo/rattan
project fabrication.
12. applies procedures
in wood/bamboo/rattan
projects with safety.
13. applies procedures in
wood/bamboo/rattan
finishes with safety.
TLE_IA_RC
9/10_I/III-g-
h-12
TLE_IA_RC
9/10_I/III-h-
i-13

CONTENT
CONTENT STANDARD
PERFORMANCE
STANDARD
The learner…
LEARNING
COMPETENCIES
The learner…
CODE

Template : Alignment of Standards (CS, PS & LCs)
Grade Level / Component: TLE 9 /10 Residential Carpentry
Quarter II/IV
CONTENT
CONTENT STANDARD
PERFORMANCE
STANDARD
The learner…
LEARNING
COMPETENCIES
The learner…
CODE
Carpentry Works in Residential
Structure
● roofs
● ceilings
● doors
● windows
● floors
● partitions
● stairs and railings
● cabinets
of carpentry works in residential
structure.
explains the principles and
concepts of carpentry works
in residential structure.
1. discusses the
importance of carpentry
works in residential
structure.
TLE_IA_RC9/10
_Il/IV-a-b1
Materials and Consumables for
Residential Carpentry Repair
● fasteners
● finishing materials
● hardwares
● lumber materials
principles and concepts in
residential carpentry repair
materials and consumables.
prepares materials and
consumables for residential
carpentry repairs.
2. classifies materials
and consumables for
residential carpentry
repairs with safety.
TLE_IA_RC9/10
_Il/IV-c-2

CONTENT
CONTENT STANDARD
PERFORMANCE
STANDARD
The learner…
LEARNING
COMPETENCIES
The learner…
CODE
Residential Repair Cost
Estimate
● material costing
● fixed labor
costing (minimum wage)
principles and concepts of repair
cost computation.
discusses the principles and
concepts of repair cost
computation.
3. prepares an estimate
of residential repair cost
based outputs.
TLE_IA_RC9/10
_Il/IV-d-3
Residential Carpentry Repairs principles and concepts of
residential repairs.
performs residential
repairs.
4. applies procedures in
residential carpentry
repairs with safety.
TLE_IA_RC9/10
_Il/IV-e-i-4

GLOSSARY OF TERMS
AUTOMOTIVE and SMALL ENGINE SECTOR
Board foot - is a unit of volume for timber equal to 144 cubic inches, notionally twelve inches by twelve inches by one inch.
Board meter - is a unit of cubic content used in measuring lumber, equal in volume to an area of 1 square meter having a thickness of
25 millimeters.
Carpentry power tools - are actuated by additional power source and mechanism other than the solely manual labor.
Consumables - a commodity that is intended to be used up relatively quickly.
Engineered bamboo - is a set of composite products produced from bamboo. It is designed to be a replacement for wood or engineered wood,
but it is used only when high bearing strength is not required.
Finishing carpentry - encompasses all work done inside a house. This includes door and window installation and trim, fitting interior doors,
wood and laminate flooring installation, wains coating, crown molding, and cabinet installation.
Forestry Regulatory Laws - govern activities in designated forest lands, most commonly with respect to forest management and timber harvesting.
Rough carpentry - is a subset of carpentry that focuses on building wooden frames and supports that are used to construct larger buildings,
bridges and structures.
References:
Baracena, R. Ebonite / C. Technology and Livelihood Education (TLE) K-12 Oriented. Manila: Met Review Center, Manila, Phils., 2020.
Bates, D. R. Carpentry and joinery. Routledge, 2013.
Brackett, G. Dewalt Carpentry and Framinf Complete Handbook. Missouri: Cengage Learning, 2019.
Beemer, W. Learn to timber frame: craftsmanship, simplicity, timeless beauty. Storey Publishing, 2016.
Bell, W. E. Carpentry made easy; or, The science and art of framing, on a new and improved system. Toolemera Press, 2016.
Brackett, G. Dewalt carpentry and framing complete handbook. Cengage Learning, 2019.
Carpentry made simple: 23 stylish projects: learn as you build. Cool Springs Press, (2018).

Carroll, J., & Lockhart, C. The complete visual guide to building a house. Taunton Press, Ingram Pub Services, 2014
Dk Publishing, Inc. Woodwork: step by step. Dk Publishing, 2021.
Goring, L. Manual of first and second fixing carpentry, 3rd ed. Routledge, 2015.
Guild.Weekend woodworking: plans & projects. Guild Of Master Craftsman Publications Ltd., 2016.
Leadbeatter, M., Leadbeatter, B. R., Keable, J. E., & Clarke, T. D. Woodworking. Cengage Australia, 2017.
Miles, R. B. Math for carpentry and construction. Tinley Park, Illinois The Goodheart-Willcox Company, Inc., 2019.
Miles, R.B. Math for Carpentry and Construction. Tinley Park, Illinois: The Goodheart-Willcox Company, Inc., 2019.
Publishing, Dk. Woodwork: Step by Step. London: Dk Publishing, 2021.
R. Ebonite / C. Baracena, Technology And Livelihood Education (TLE) K-12 Oriented, Manila, Phils., MET Review Center,,2020.
Vogt, F. Student workbook for vogt’s carpentry, 7th., 2019.
Wagner, W. H., Howard Bud Smith, & Huth, M. W. Modern carpentry. The Goodheart-Willcox Company, Inc., 2016.

Component/Sector: IA / Residential Masonry Construction/Tile Setting
Description: This curriculum guide deals with the concepts, principles, and practical skills required in Residential Masonry and Tile Setting under
Industrial Arts.
Quarter I/III
CONTENT CONTENT
STANDARDS
The learner
demonstrates an
understanding in/of...
PERFORMANCE
STANDARDS
The learner…
LEARNING COMPETENCIES
The learner…
CODE
Masonry Works
● Indoor Construction
o flooring works
o block laying works
o plastering works
o precast installation
works
● Outdoor Construction
o building construction
o roads
o bridges
o boundary
o landmark
o amusement parks
concepts and principles
of masonry works
discusses the masonry works 1. identifies masonry works. TLE_IA_RM
TS9/10-I/III-
a-1

Masonry Works
● Materials
o aggregates
o cement
o lime
o CHB and bricks
o reinforce steel bar
● Consumables
o GI wire
o nails
o lumber
o plywood
● Roughing Up Tools
o Roughing up tools
● Masonry surfaces
finishing tools
● Special Tools
o H-frame Scaffolding
o wheel barrow
o mixing board
o mortar box
● Equipment
o bagger mixer
o jack hammer
o humper tamper
o cut-off machine
of construction
materials, consumables,
tools,
specials tools, and
equipment in masonry
works
classifies the construction
materials, consumables,
tools, special tools, and
equipment
2. differentiates materials,
consumables, tools, equipment, and
special tools in masonry works
TLE_IA-
RMTS9/10-
I/III-b-2
Single-Storey Residential plan
● Floor plan
o dining room
o living room
o bedroom
o kitchen
o comfort room
● Elevation Plan
of residential plans
applies the concepts and
principles of residential plan
3. illustrates Single-storey residential
plan
TLE_IA-
RMTS9/10-
I/III-c-3

Site Preparation
● excavation
● backfilling
● compaction
(note: Mock-up Board may be
used if the site is unavailable)
of site preparation
performs site preparation with
safety precautions
4. applies site preparation TLE_IA-
RMTS9/10-
I/III-d-e-4
Concrete Reinforcement
● Classification of Steel Bar
o corrugated bar
o size of steel bars
● Spacing of Steel Bar
● Steel Tying
of concrete
reinforcement
performs concrete
reinforcement
5. identifies types of steel bars.
6. applies procedures in concrete
reinforcement with safety
TLE_IA-
RMTS9/10-
I/III-f-5
TLE_IA-
RMTS9/10-
I/III-f-f-6
Formworks
● Assembly
● Disassembly
in formworks assembly
and disassembly
performs formworks
assembly and disassembly
7. applies procedures in formworks
assembly and disassembly with
safety
TLE_IA-
RMTS9/10-
I/III-g-7
Concrete Preparation
● Types of Mixture
Proportion
● Mixing Concrete
● Depositing of Concrete
● Curing Concrete
in concrete preparation
performs concrete
preparation
8. applies procedures in concrete
preparation with safety
TLE_IA-
RMTS9/10-
I/III-h-i-8

Quarter II/IV
CONTENT
CONTENT
STANDARD
PERFORMANCE
STANDARD
The learner…
The learner…
CODE
Classification of Tiles
● Ceramic tile
● Porcelain tile
● Marble
● Glass tile
● Terracotta tile
● Quarry tile
● Concrete tile
● Natural stone tile
classification of tiles explains the classification of
tiles
1. discusses the classification of tiles TLE_IA-
RMTS9/10-
II/IV-a-b-1
Tools, Materials, and Equipment
in Tile Setting
● Tools
o tile scriber
o straight edge
o margin trowel
o finishing trowel
o gauging trowel
o notch trowel
o pointing trowel
o Spiral mixer
o Spacer
o Tile Nipper
● Equipment
o wet saw
o table wet saw
o tile cutter
o angle grinder
principles of residential
tile setting
explains tools, equipment,
and materials in residential
tile setting
2. discusses tools, equipment, and
materials in a residential tile setting
TLE_IA-
RMTS9/10-
II/IV-c-d-2

CONTENT
CONTENT
STANDARD
PERFORMANCE
STANDARD
The learner…
The learner…
CODE
● Consumables
o fine sand
o cement
o lime
o grout
Tile Installation
● Floor bed preparation
● Tile cutting techniques
● Tile installation techniques
● Grouting techniques
● Polishing Techniques
tile installation in
residential construction
performs tile installation in
residential construction with
safety
3. applies procedures in tile
installation with safety
TLE_IA-
RMTS9/10-
II/IV-e-h-3
Service Costing
● Material costs
● Labor costs
of masonry/tile
installation services
computation
applies computation in
masonry/tile setting service
cost
4. computes masonry/tile setting
service cost
TLE_IA-
RMTS9/10-
II/IV-i-4

GLOSSARY
Masonry is the art and crafting of creating structures out of stone, bricks, clay or concrete.
Tile setting is the process of laying tiles on the concrete.
Mortar is lime or cement mixture, or a combination of the two, with sand and water used as a bonding agent between bricks, stones, etc.
Concrete is a hard strong building material that is created by combining a cementing material and a mineral aggregate with enough water to cause
the cement to set and bind the entire mass.
Tools are handheld gadgets that facilitate task completion.
Special Tools are tools or fixtures specified by an engine manufacturer intended to perform only a specific function with respect to an engine. The
effective usage of the tool or fixture requires special expertise.
Tiles are flat or curved pieces of fired clay, stone, or concrete used especially for roofs,floors or walls and often for ornamental work.

Mason is a skilled worker who builds by laying units of substantial materials such as stone or brick.
Consumables are any items that are used up throughout the course of the work but are not directly incorporated into it, such as utilities, gasoline,
power, water, POL, welding rods.
Installation is the process of putting or installing equipment or materials in a permanent position.
Grouting is a process of filling up or finishing with grout.
Polishing is the process of making the surface smooth and glossy.
Concepts are abstract or generic ideas generalized from particular instances.
Principles are the laws or facts of nature underlying the working of an artificial device.
Plan is a drawing or a diagram drawn on a plane or paper.
Reinforcement is a type of material used in construction that provides ductility to any structural member like columns, beams, and slabs.

Excavation is the act of digging or removing the soil.
Backfilling is the act of refilling the excavated or uneven surface of the land.
Compaction is defined as the process of mechanically increasing the density of the soil.
Formworks refer to molds used to form the concrete into structural shapes.

Component/Sector: IA/Residential Plumbing
Description: This curriculum guide deals with the concepts, principles, and practice skills required in the Residential Plumbing Sector under the
Industrial Arts.
Quarter I/III
CONTENT
CONTENT STANDARD
The learner
demonstrates an
understanding of
PERFORMANCE
STANDARD
The learner…
The learner…
CODE
Fundamentals of Residential
Plumbing
● Plumbing System
o Drainage
o Waste
o Water Supply
- Hot and Cold
drainage, waste, water
supply, as part of
plumbing system in
residential plumbing
explains residential plumbing
system
1. discusses the residential
plumbing system and its
components
2days
TLE_IARP9/10-
I/III-a-1
Residential Floor Plan with
Plumbing Layout
● Features
o Floor Plan
o Plumbing Layout
− Drainage
− Waste
− Water Supply
o Plumbing System
Diagram
(Isometric)
features of a residential
floor plan with plumbing
layout
explains residential floor plan
with plumbing layout
2. discusses the different features
of a residential floor plan with
plumbing layout
6days
TLE_IARP9/10-
I/III-a-b-2

CONTENT CONTENT STANDARD
The learner
demonstrates an
understanding of…
PERFORMANCE
STANDARD
The learner…
The learner…
CODE
Drafting Floor Plan with Plumbing
Layout
o Drawing Tools,
Materials and Draft
Design
o Walls, Doors
drafting floor plan with
plumbing layout using
appropriate drawing
tools, materials, and
design
drafts floor plan with
plumbing layout with
dimensions
3. drafts the floor plan with
plumbing layout
10days
TLE_IARP9/10-
I/III-c-e-3
o Fixtures
o Signs and Symbols
o Plumbing System
Diagram (Isometric)
4. drafts the fixtures, signs, and
symbols on the floor plan with
plumbing layout & its diagram
10days
TLE_IARP9/10-
I/III-e-g-4
o Dimensioning
− Elements
− Systems
− Methods
5. labels the floor plan with
plumbing layout and its diagram
with dimensions
8days
1TLE_IARP9/10-
I/III-h-i-5

Quarter II/IV
The learner
demonstrates an
understanding of…
PERFORMANCE
STANDARD
The learner…
The learner…
CODE
Handling and Storing of
Consumables
● Joints
● Fittings
● Fixtures
● Adhesive
● De-clogger
● Sealants
of handling and storing
of consumables
explains the handling and
storing of consumables
1. discusses the handling and
storing of consumables
4 days
TLE_IARP9/10-
II/IV-a-1
Hand Tools
● Cutting
● Reaming
● Threading
● De-clogger
Maintenance of Hand Tools
● Storage
● Care
principles and
concepts in using
plumbing hand tools and
maintenance
performs the use of hand
tools and maintenance
2. demonstrates the use of hand
tools and equipment with safety
3. demonstrates the maintenance
of hand tools with safety
TLE_IARP9/10-
II/IV-b-2
TLE_IARP9/10-
II/IV-c-3

Pipe Installation
● Specification,
Measurement, and Design
● Pipe Joining and Fitting
Method
Pipe Installation Testing
pipeline installation and
tests
performs pipeline installation
and tests
4. applies procedures in pipe
installation with safety
5. applies procedures in testing
pipe installation with safety
TLE_IARP9/10-
II/IV-d-e-4
TLE_IARP9/10-
II/IV-e-f-5

The learner
demonstrates an
understanding of…
PERFORMANCE
STANDARD
The learner…
The learner…
CODE
Pipeline Testing and
Troubleshooting
● Types of Troubles
● Types of Test
o Leak Test
o System Test
o Pressure Test
pipeline testing and
troubleshooting
performs pipeline testing and
troubleshooting
6. applies procedures in pipeline
testing and troubleshooting with
safety
TLE_IARP9/10-
II/IV-g-6
Pipeline Repair pipeline repair performs pipeline repair 7. applies procedures in pipeline
repair
TLE_IARP9/10-
II/IV-f-6
Plumbing System Repair
● Material Costing
● Manpower (Labor
Costing)
repair service cost
particularly material and
manpower costing
performs repair service
costing
4. computes repair service cost TLE_IARP9/10-
II/IV-i-4

GLOSSARY OF TERMS
FLOOR PLAN WITH PLUMBING LAYOUT AND SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
Dimensioning - Is a process of indicating on a drawing; the sizes of the object and the other details essential for its
construction and function using lines, numerals, symbols, notes, etc.
Doors - Any hinged or otherwise movable barrier that allows ingress (entry) into and egress (exit) from an enclosure.
Its primary purpose is to provide security by controlling access to the doorway (portal).
Drafting - Is the practice of creating accurate representations of objects for technical, architectural, and engineering
needs.
Draftsman - Refers to a person who is skilled in drawing.
Elements of Dimensioning - It includes projection line, leader line, termination of the dimension line, the origin indication, symbols and
the dimension itself.
Floor Plan - A plan or blueprint showing the arrangement of rooms in a building.
Methods of Dimensioning - The arrangement of placing dimensions on the drawing based on the construction, inspection and functional
points of view.
Plumbing Diagram - It is a rough-in plumbing diagram which is a simple isometric drawing that illustrates what drainage and vent
lines would look like if they were installed, but all of the other building materials in the house were magically
removed.
Plumbing Fixture - Any device in a building that is used for the distribution or disposal of water or gas. Fixtures are connected
to the main water supply line or the main drain line in order to run water or remove wastewater. Plumbing
fixtures play a role in ensuring that buildings remain hygienic and safe.
Plumbing Layout - Layout for the plumbing system. These roughing plans give all the dimensions of the fixtures, their minimum
height from the floor and distance from the wall, and the location of the holes in the wall and floor for the
supply lines and waste pipes.
Residential - Pertaining to a structure that is used as a dwelling or residence.
Systems of Dimensioning - This refers to two types of dimensioning systems; one is Aligned system and another is Unidirectional
system.
Walls - It is any of various upright constructions presenting a continuous surface and serving to enclose, divide, or
protect an area.

RESIDENTIAL PLUMBING
Drainage System - All of the piping within a public or private premise that conveys sewage, rainwater or other liquid wastes to a
point of disposal. A drainage system does not include the main lines of public sewer systems or a private or
public sewage treatment or disposal plant.
Pipe - Refers to a cylindrical conduit or conductor conforming to the particular dimensions commonly known as “pipe
size” and is denoted by its interior diameter or ID.
Pipe Fusion Machine
for UPVC PPR PVC
- Refers to a handy machine used to connect UPVC PPRR and PVC fittings.
Plumbing - It is the art and technique of installing pipes, fixtures, and other apparatuses in buildings for bringing in the
supply, liquids, substances and/or ingredients and removing them; and such water, liquid and other carried-
wastes hazardous to health, sanitation, life, property; also the pipes and fixtures after installation i.e., the
plumbing system.
Plumbing Appliance - Refers to any one of a special class of device or equipment intended to perform a special plumbing function.
Its operation and/or control may be dependent upon one or more energized components, such as motors,
controls, heating elements and pressure-temperature-sensing elements. Such device or equipment may
operate automatically through one or more of the following actions; a time cycle, a temperature range, a
pressure range, a measured volume or weight; or the device or equipment may be manually adjusted or
controlled by the user or operator. TR- Plumbing NC I (Amended) Promulgated Page 75
Plumbing
appurtenance
- It is a manufactured device or a prefabricated assembly or an on-the-job assembly of component parts, and
serves as adjunct to the basic piping system and plumbing fixtures. An appurtenance demands no additional
water supply nor does it add any discharge load to fixture or the drainage system. It performs some useful
functions in the operation, maintenance, servicing, economy or safety of the plumbing system.
Plumbing Fixtures - Are approved-type installed receptacles, devices or appliances supplied with water or receive liquid or liquid-
borne wastes and discharge such wastes into the drainage system to which they may be directly or indirectly
connected. Industrial or commercial tanks, vats, and similar processing equipment are not plumbing system
fixtures, but may be connected to or discharged into approved traps or plumbing fixtures as provided for in
this Code.

Plumbing System - Refers to all potable water supply and distribution pipes, all plumbing fixtures and traps, all sanitary and storm
drainage systems; vent pipes, roof drains, leaders and downspouts; and all building drains and sewers,
including their respective joints and connections; devices, receptacles, and appurtenances within the property;
water lines in the premises; potable , tap, hot and chilled water pipings; potable water treating or using
equipment; fuel gas piping; water heaters and vents for same.
Plumbing Unit - Refers to a minimum standard quantity of plumbing fixtures that discharge wastes into a plumbing installation
including; one (1) water meter, one (1) water closet, one (1) lavatory, one (1) shower head and drain for a
bathtub or shower stall, one (1) kitchen sink, one (1) laundry tray and three (3) floor drains and four (4)
faucets/hose bibb.
Potable Water - Water that is safe for drinking, culinary and domestic purposes and meets the requirements of the Philippine
National Standards for Drinking Water.
Pressure - Is a normal force exerted by a homogenous liquid or gas, per unit of area on the wall of the container.
Unplasticized Polyvinyl
Chloride Conduit
(UPVC)
- Refers to a non-metallic conduit into which electrical wire may be drawn and with an outside diameter
sufficiently different from that of metallic conduit.
Waste - The discharge from any fixture, appliance, area or appurtenance that does not contain fecal matter.
Water Supply System - The water service pipe, water distribution pipes, and the necessary connecting pipes, fittings, control valves
and all appurtenances in or adjacent to the structure or premises. The flow of water or other liquids,
mixtures or substances into the distribution pipes of a potable water supply from any source except the
intended source.
References
ArchDictionary. 2020. Architecture Dictionary. Accessed July 19, 2022. https://www.archdictionary.com/.
BLACK+DECKER. 2015. The Complete Guide to Plumbing-Updated Sixth Edition. Minneapolis, MN USA: Quarto Publishing Group USA Inc.

Corp, CS Odessa. 1993. "Concept Draw." How to Create a Residential Plumbing Plan. Accessed July 19, 2022.
https://www.conceptdraw.com/helpdesk/how-to-draw-plumbing-floor-plan.
Descuatan, Roxane Love S. 2020. TLE GRADE 9 - Plumbing Specialization Course. Printed by Department of Education-SOCCSKSARGEN
Region.
Domingo, Jordan G., and Crizah Flor Domingo. n.d. Technology and Livelihood Education Series - Plumbing with Exploratory Course. Phoenix.
Hepler, Donald E., and Paul I. Wallach. n.d. Architecture: Drafting and Design-Fifth Edition. McGraw Hill Book Company.
Jefferis, Alan, David A Madsen, and David P. Madsen. n.d. Architectural Drafting and Design-Sixth Edition. DELMAR Cengage Learning.
Saif, M. 2021. The Engineer's Post. March 21. Accessed July 19, 2022. https://www.theengineerspost.com/dimensioning-systems/.
School, Plumbers. 2000. Plumbing Dictionary. Accessed July 19, 2022. http://plumbers-school.com/mod/glossary/view.php?id=30.
Team, Edraw Content. n.d. "Plumbing & Piping Plan Complete Guide." Edraw. Accessed July 19, 2022. https://www.edrawsoft.com/plumbing-
piping-design-guide.html.
TESDA. 2010. "Training Regulation for Technical Drafting NC II." Technical Drafting NC II. Taguig City: Technical Education and Skills
Development Authority, April.

Component/Sector: INDUSTRIAL ARTS/ SHIELDED METAL ARC WELDING (SMAW)
Description: This curriculum guide is designed to enhance the knowledge, skills, and desirable attitudes to perform the shielded metal arc welding process in the
expected industry standards.
Quarter I/III

CONTENT
CONTENT
STANDARD
The learner
demonstrates an
understanding of
PERFORMANCE
STANDARD
The learner…
The learner…
CODE
Introduction to Arc
Welding Processes
● Arc Welding Processes
- Shielded Metal Arc
Welding (SMAW)
- Flux-Cored Arc
Welding (FCAW)
- Gas Metal Arc
Welding (GMAW)
- Gas Tungsten Arc
Welding (GTAW)
- Submerged Arc
Welding (SAW)
- Plasma Arc Welding
(PAW)
basic principles of arc
welding processes
explains arc welding
processes
1. discusses the arc welding processes TLE_IA_SMAW9/10-
I/III-a-1

CONTENT
CONTENT
STANDARD
The learner
demonstrates an
understanding of
PERFORMANCE
STANDARD
The learner…
The learner…
CODE
Parts and functions of
Shielded Metal Arc Welding
(SMAW) Machine
● Types and Uses of
SMAW Machine
- transformer
- rectifier
- inverter
- motor engine
generator
● Procedures in Setting
up of SMAW Machine
SMAW machines,
positioners, jigs, and
fixtures
performs setting-up of
welding machine,
accessories,
positioners, jigs, and
fixtures with safety
precautions.
2. demonstrates setting-up of welding
machine based on required
specifications and/or manufacturer’s
instructions with safety precautions
TLE_ IA_SMAW9/10-
I/III-b-2

CONTENT
CONTENT
STANDARD
The learner
demonstrates an
understanding of
PERFORMANCE
STANDARD
The learner…
The learner…
CODE
Types of Welding
Positioners, Jigs, and
Fixtures
● Uses and Functions
● Weld Locations
- fieldwork
- stationary
3. assembles welding positioner, jigs,
and fixtures according to job
requirements with safety precautions
TLE_ IA_SMAW9/10-
I/III-c-3

CONTENT
CONTENT
STANDARD
The learner
demonstrates an
understanding of
PERFORMANCE
STANDARD
The learner…
The learner…
CODE
Types of Weld Joints and
Procedures
● Butt joint
● Tee joint
● Corner joint
● Lap joint
● Edge joint
types of welding joints
and procedures.
classifies the types of
welding joints and
procedures
4. differentiates the types of weld joints
and procedures
TLE_IA_SMAW9/10-
I/III-c-d-4

CONTENT
CONTENT
STANDARD
The learner
demonstrates an
understanding of
PERFORMANCE
STANDARD
The learner…
The learner…
CODE
Welding Codes and
Standards
● American Welding
Society (AWS)
● American Society of
Mechanical Engineers
(ASME)
welding codes and
standards
explains welding codes
and standards based on
AWS and ASME.
5. discusses welding codes and
standards based on AWS and ASME
TLE_ IA_SMAW9/10-
I/III-d-5

CONTENT
CONTENT
STANDARD
The learner
demonstrates an
understanding of
PERFORMANCE
STANDARD
The learner…
The learner…
CODE
AWS Electrode
Specifications
● tensile strength
● position of the weld
● type of electrode
coating
● current supply (AC/DC)
and polarity
AWS electrode
specifications
classifies electrodes
according to job
specifications.
6. distinguishes electrodes according to
job specifications
TLE_ IA_SMAW9/10-
I/III-e-6

CONTENT
CONTENT
STANDARD
The learner
demonstrates an
understanding of
PERFORMANCE
STANDARD
The learner…
The learner…
CODE
Plate Welding positions
and Preparations
● Welding Positions
- Flat
- Horizontal
- Vertical
- Overhead
- Groove weld
position
- Fillet weld position
● Cutting and Edge
Preparations
- Mechanical
- Gas
- Plasma
plate welding positions
and cutting and edge
preparations
classifies plate welding
positions
performs plate cutting
and edge preparations
7. distinguishes plates welding positions
8. applies plate cutting and edge
preparations with safety precautions
TLE_ IA_SMAW9/10-
I/III-f-7
TLE_ IA_SMAW9/10-
I/III-g-h-8

CONTENT
CONTENT
STANDARD
The learner
demonstrates an
understanding of
PERFORMANCE
STANDARD
The learner…
The learner…
CODE
Welding defects and
Inspection Methods
● Defects
- Types
- Causes
- Remedies
● Non-destructive
Testing (NDT)
● Destructive Testing
(DT)
welding defects and
inspection methods
discusses welding
defects and inspection
methods
9. distinguishes welding defects and
inspection methods
TLE_ IA_SMAW9/10-
I/III-i-9

CONTENT
CONTENT
STANDARD
The learner
demonstrates an
understanding of
PERFORMANCE
STANDARD
The learner…
The learner…
CODE
Shielded Metal Arc Welding
(SMAW) processes and
techniques
● Welding Techniques
- Current setting
- Lenght of arc
- Angle of electrode
- Speed of travel
- Selection of
electrode
● Striking an Arc
- Scratching
- Tapping
Shielded Metal Arc
Welding processes and
techniques
performs Shielded
Metal Arc Welding
(SMAW) processes and
techniques
1. Explains welding techniques
2. applies the methods of striking an
arc with safety
3. applies weld beads in flat and
horizontal positions with safety
TLE_ IA_SMAW9/10-
II/IV-a-1
TLE_ IA_SMAW9/10-
II/IV-b-2
TLE_ IA_SMAW9/10-
II/IV-c-f-3

CONTENT
CONTENT
STANDARD
The learner
demonstrates an
understanding of
PERFORMANCE
STANDARD
The learner…
The learner…
CODE
● Weld Beads
- Types
- Characteristics
● Weld Repairs
- weld defects
removal and
excavation
- re-welding
procedures
4. applies weld repairs with safety TLE_ IA_SMAW9/10-
II/IV-g-h-4

CONTENT
CONTENT
STANDARD
The learner
demonstrates an
understanding of
PERFORMANCE
STANDARD
The learner…
The learner…
CODE
Service Cost
● Material Costing
● Manpower (labor
costing)
computing cost services prepares the service
cost based on job
requirements
5. proposes the cost of an individual job
based on the job requirements
TLE_ IA_SMAW9/10-
II/IV-i-5

GLOSSARY OF TERMS
ASME - is a non-profit professional organization that enables collaboration, knowledge sharing, and
skill development across all engineering disciplines while promoting the vital role of the
engineer in society.
AWS - a nonprofit organization with a global mission of “advancing the science, technology, and
application of welding and allied joining and cutting processes worldwide, including brazing,
soldering, and thermal spraying”.
Arc Welding - a technique in which metals are welded using the heat generated by an electric arc.
Destructive testing - destructive testing (often abbreviated as DT) is a test method conducted to find the exact
point of failure of materials, components, or machines. During the process, the tested item
undergoes stress that eventually deforms or destroys the material.
Electrode - is a metal wire that is coated. SMAW or stick electrodes are consumable, meaning they
become part of the weld and are also referred to as filler electrodes or welding rods.
Fixtures - are tools designed to be used by a human welder to complete a welding process, whether
it is completing a full weld or tack welds only. The fixtures may be automated with pneumatic
clamping, or the fixtures may be able to use manual clamping for effective part holding.
GMAW - is an arc welding process in which the source of heat is an arc formed between a
consumable metal electrode and the workpiece with an externally supplied gaseous shield
of gas either inert such as argon and /or helium.
GTAW - also known as tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding, is an arc welding process that uses a non-
consumable tungsten electrode to produce the weld. The weld area and electrode are
protected from oxidation or other atmospheric contamination by an inert shielding
gas (argon or helium).

Jigs and fixtures - the device that guides the tool is called the jig, and the device that operates in position is
called the fixator. Jigs and fixtures are special-purpose equipment used to facilitate
production (machining, assembling, and inspection operations) when the workpiece is based
on the concept of interchangeability, according to which each part will be produced within
an established tolerance.
Non-destructive testing - is the process of inspecting, testing, or evaluating materials, components, or assemblies for
discontinuities, or differences in characteristics without destroying the serviceability of the
part or system. In other words, when the inspection or test is completed, the part can still
be used.
PAW - this is an arc welding process very similar to TIG welding as the arc is formed between a
pointed tungsten electrode and the workpiece. However, by positioning the electrode within
the body of the torch, the plasma arc can be separated from the shielding gas envelope.
Plasma is then forced through a fine-bore copper nozzle which constricts the arc.
Plate welding - is a process of welding in a thick sheet of metal.
SMAW - is a welding process in which the coalescence of metals is produced by heat from an
electric arc maintained between the tip of a consumable electrode and the surface of the
base material in the joint being welded.
SAW - this is a common arc welding process that involves the formation of an arc between a
continuously fed electrode and the workpiece. A blanket of powdered flux generates a
protective gas shield and a slag (and may be used to add alloying elements to the weld
pool) which protects the weld zone.
Tensile strength - the resistance of a material to before breaking under tension.

Weld joint - In metalworking, a welding joint is a point or edge where two or more pieces of metal or
plastic are joined together. They are formed by welding two or more workpieces according
to a particular geometry.
Welding defects - Irregularities formed in the given weld metal due to wrong welding process or incorrect
welding patterns, etc. The defect may differ from the desired weld bead shape, size, and
intended quality. Welding defects may occur either outside or inside the weld metal. Some
of the defects may be allowed if the defects are under permissible limits but other defects
such as cracks are never accepted.
Welding Positioner - This is a mechanical piece of equipment that holds and rotates a workpiece to allow a welder
to work at a proper angle and on a consistent surface. It has the ability to rotate at a fast
speed, even when bearing significant weight. The main purpose of a welding positioner is
to ensure the workpiece is ALWAYS in the most suitable welding position.
Welding techniques - are skillful or efficient way to produce a quality weld.

References
Clarence Fortney, Mike Gregory. 1992. PDF DRIVE. https://www.pdfdrive.com/shielded-metal-arc-welding-teacher-edition-e23868766.html.
Connor, Leonard P. 1987 by American Welding Society. WELDING HANDBOOK Eighth Edition Volume 1 WELDING TECHNOLOGY. 550 N.W. LeJeune Rd., P.O.
Box 351040, Miami, FL.
Department of Education. 2016. K to 12 TLE - Industrial Arts – Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) NC I Curriculum Guide.
James E. Brumbaugh, Rex Miller. 2007. AudelTM Welding Pocket Reference. Published simultaneously in Canada: Joe Wikert.
Jeffus, Larry. 2016. WELDING Principles and Applications EIGHTH EDITION. Cengage Learning.
Larry Jeffus, Lawrence Bower. 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. Welding Skills, Processes, and Practices for Entry-Level Welders Book One. Canada by Nelson
Education, Ltd: Delmar.
Leonilo E. Santelices, Jeffrey G. Morenos. First Edition 2018. Technology and Livelihood Education-Module I Learner's Material. IA-Shielded Metal Arc Welding.
DepEd Complex Meralco Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines 1600: Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR).
Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA). Training Regulation in Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) NC I . Taguig City

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