The document outlines a mini project focused on a three-phase transmission line fault detector that automatically trips to prevent damage during faults. It details the components used, such as Arduino and various sensors, and explains the mechanism of detecting and responding to different types of faults. The project aims to improve system stability and efficiency in power systems by ensuring timely detection and disconnection during faults.

1. 3 phase transmission
line fault detector
MINI PROJECT

2. CONTENT
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVES
COMPONENTS USED
TYPE OF FAULTS
WORKING
APPLICATION
ADVANTAGES
CONCLUSION

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ABSTRACT
1. THIS PROJECT PROVIDES AUTOMATIC TRIPPING
MECHANISM FOR THE THREE PHASE SUPPLY
SYSTEM FOR PREVENTION FROM DAMAGE DUE
TO FAULT
2. IN CASEOF TEMPORARY FAULTS THE OUTPUTS
RESETS AUTOMATICALLY AFTER A BRIF
INTERRUPTION
3. IN CASE OF PERMANENT FAULT THE OUTPUT THE
OUTPUT REMAINS IN THE TRIPPING CONDITION.
4. FAULTS LIKE LG,LL,LLL, AND ON CAN BE SENSED
AND AUTOMATICALLY DISCONNECTS THE SUPPLY
TO AVOID LARGE SCALE DAMAGES TO THE
EQUIPMENT CONNECTED.
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In now days the electricity is very important in our life.
In the power system there are various type of fault
occurs due to natural calamity
(like lighting, collision of branches of tree with the
transmission line). Overloading due to this short circuit
or fault may occurs like (line to line, line to ground,
double line to ground). Out of these double line to
ground fault is more savior in the power system which
could damaged the electrical equipment. So this fault
should be remove as soon as possible. Mostly line to
ground fault is occurred about the 80% in the power
system. It is the biggest task for electrical engineers to
find the exact location of the fault so ca remove it early
and provide continuous supply
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INTRODUCTION

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OBJECTIVES
1. FAULTS RECOGNITION
2. FAULT DETECTION
3. IMPROVE EFFICIENCY
4. TO MAINTAIN SYSTEM
STABILITY
Click icon to add picture
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COMPONENTS USED
1. ARDUINO UNO , CAPACITOR
2. 4CH RELAY MODULE , PLAIN PCB
3. 1CH RELAY MODULE , FLAME SENSOR
4. 16X2 LCD DISPLAY
5. PUSH BUTTON SWITCH
6. 1K RESISTOR
7. 10K POTENTIOMETER
8. RECTIFIRE
9. STEP DOWN TRANSFORMER
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ARDUINO UNO:
Arduino uno is microcontroller board based on the
ATMEGA328p. It has 14Digital input/output pins, 6 Analog inputs, A
16 MHZ ceramic resonator , a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP
header and a reset buttion.
RECTIFIER:
rectifier is the device that converts the alternative current
signal to direct current signal ( in other words it converts the two
directional signal to single directional signal,)
7805 MOSFET:
it is a popular voltage regulator integrated circuit (IC). In
this a member of 78xx series of fixed linear voltage regulators used
to maintain such fluctuations. The xx indicates the op voltage it
provides.

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PLAIN PCB:
this board can be used to build your own circuit boards,
breakout boards, etc, it also known as COPPER CLAD BOARD. This
board is made of high quality phenolic laminated and has size of
12*12 inches.
FLAMING SENSOR:
a flame detector is a sensor designed to detect and
respond to the presence of a flame or fire.

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SYMMETRICAL FAULTS:
symmetrical fault is a fault where all phase are affected so that the system remains balanced. A
three phase fault is a symmetrical fault. In this fault , all phases short circuits to each other and
often to earth. Such fault is balanced in the sense that the system remains symmetrical.
UNSYMMETRICAL FAULTS:
UNSYMMETRICAL FAULTS INVOLVE ONLY ONE OR TWO PHASE. IN UNSYMMETRICAL FAULTS THE THREE PHASE LINE BECOMES
UNBALANCED. SUCH TYPE OF FAULTS OCCURS BETWEEN THE LINE TO GROUND OR BETWEEN LINES. AN UNSYMMETRICAL
SERIES OF FAULTS IS BETWEEN PHASS OR BETWEEN PHASE TO GROUND. WHEREAS UNSYMMETRICAL SHUNT FAULT IS
UNBALANCED IN THE LINE IMPEDANCE.
1. LINE TO LINE FAULT
2. LINE TO GROUND FAULT
3. DOUBLE LINE TO GROUND FAULT
TYPES OF FAULTS

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First of all make code and install it in Arduino uno. As
per the code the module will operate. It detects the line
to line fault. Using a resistor three transmission line
created, and for moving switch per phase are used to
create fault. And for that code is written as if fault is
occurred due to 1st
moving switch ‘R’ phase then then
LCD will display the fault in 1km is occurred in ‘R’ and ‘Y’
phase. If there will no fault the LCD will display the
NF(I.E no fault) and for R,Y,B phase LED is shown below.
WORKING

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THREE PHASE FAULT DETECTION
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

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1. SUBSTATIONS
2. TRANSMISSION LINE
3. INDUSTRIES
4. APARTMENTS
APPLICATION

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1. SAFETY EQUIPMENT
2. MORE RELIABE
3. REDUCE LOSSES
4. MORE EFFICIENT
ADVANTAGES

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1. Various fault have been created to developed an automatic tripping
mechanism for the three phase supply system.
2. while temporary fault and permanent fault occur, hare Arduino uno
(AT365MEGA) is used with relay for the fault analysis.
3. Short duration faults returns the supply to the load immediately called
as temporary trip while long duration results in permanent trip.
4. Whenever any type of fault : LG temporary/permanent or LL
temporary/permanent occurs regarding fault is display on LCD with
distance of fault occurred
CONCLUSION

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1. Principle of power system (V.K MEHTA, ROHIT
MEHTA)
2. ARDUINO DROID
3. WIKIPEDIA
4. HTTPS://MICROCONTROLLERLAB.COM
REFERENCE

16. presentation title 16
meet our team members
KAPIL CHAUHAN
B.TECH
EE 3YEAR
ANIL KUMAR
B.TECH
EE 3YEAR
ABHISHEK YADAV
B.TECH
EE 3YEAR
KISHAN YADAV
B.TECH
EE 3YEAR
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17. Thank you