Electricity theft is a major problem in Pakistan that results in energy losses for companies and power shortages. The proposed system detects theft by monitoring the input and output currents to an energy meter using sensors. If a difference is detected, it will send an SMS alert and disconnect power. The objectives are to detect theft remotely via SMS, take automatic action, monitor meters remotely, control loads remotely via SMS, and check usage status via SMS. The research methodology includes a literature review on existing techniques, selecting a suitable experimental method, modeling the technique, and writing the thesis.

1. CHAPTER NO: 01
INTRODUCTION
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Electricity Theft is a very common problem in countries like Pakistan, where
population is high and the users of electricity are ultimately tremendous. In Pakistan, every
year there is a very increasing no of electricity thefts across domestic electricity
connections as well as industrial electricity supply, which results in loss of electricity
companies energy and because of which we are facing the frequent problems of load
shading in urban as well as rural area so as to overcome the need of electricity for whole
state. Also the ways using which theft can be done are also innumerable so we can never
keep track of how a theft has occurred, and this issue is needed to be solved as early as
possible.
1.1 Problem Statement
In this project, we propose an electricity theft detection system and meter
monitoring system by using GSM and Arduino microcontroller to detect the theft which
is made by the most common way of doing the theft and that is bypassing the meter using
a piece of wire, people simply bypasses the electricity meter which is counting the current
units by placing a wire before and after the meter reading unit. The proposed system will
be hidden in such meters and as soon as an attempt is made for the theft, it will send an
SMS to control unit of electricity board and after few seconds disconnect the power
automatically.In this project, a consumer can switch on and off its house load, and also
check out the current status of the energy meter by simply sending an SMS to the GSM
system of the energy meter.

2. 1.2 Research Objectives
In this project, the input and output current of an energy meter is compared by
using DC current sensors. If there is any different value means by comparing both powers,
P1 and P2 it is indicated that the particular pole has drawn more current as theft. Here one
current sensor is placed in input side of the post line. Other current sensor are placed at the
distribution points of the house lines. The output of current sensors values is given as input
to Arduino microcontroller. Arduino microcontroller converts these analog inputs into
digital using inbuilt ADC converter. Then Arduino microcontroller compares the input
current and the sum of output currents. If compared result has any difference value then
this particular post is detected as theft point. This compared value is transmitted to
electricity board through RF transmitter. RF receiver is placed in electricity board office.
This RF receiver receives this value and given as input to Arduino microcontroller.
Arduino microcontroller displays this value in LCD display. The information will then be
quickly processed by the microcontroller and a SMS will be sent through the GSM
technology.
ERROR SIGNAL= P1-P2
Following are main objectives of the project
(1) To detect power theft by receiving an SMS on control room.
(2) To take action automatically against theft after few seconds.
(3) To monitor the energy meter of consumer without going on the spot of service man.
(4) To turn on and off house load by sending an SMS to the GSM based energy meter.
(5) To get current unit status as well as after month by simply an SMS.

3. 1.3 Research Methodology
The following research methodology will be conducted in order to carry out the
research objective.
(1) Literature reviews on power theft detection and meter monitoring using GSM system
will be carried out. This task will involve identifying requirements, advantages and
limitation of the existing techniques.
(2) A new suitable experimental based method will be selected for the thesis.
(3) The selected method will be modelled in order to test the technique for verification.
(4) Thesis writing up.
1.4 Thesis Outline
This dissertation consists of five chapters.
Chapter 1: Introduction provides the introduction of power theft detection and meter
monitoring using GSM system with problem statement. It provides the overview of objectives
and methodology. Thesis outline is given at the end of this chapter.
Chapter 2: Literature Review will discuss about the history of power theft detection and
meter monitoring using GSM system. It describes the modes of wireless power transmission,
their advantages and limitation.
Chapter 3: Research Methodology will discuss the procedure to carry out the proposed
technique. It provides the details and specification of different equipments and devices which
are required for this research.
Chapter 4 Results and Discussions deals with implementation of proposed technique and its
results.

4. Chapter 5 Conclusion provides the finding from the conducted research.