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1. HIGH VOLTAGE
ENGINEERING
BREAKDOWN IN
GASES
 TOWNSEND'S
CRITERION &
LIMITATIONS
IN SIMPLE
LAUNGUAGE
LEC # 06

2. FALIURE OF TOWNSEND THEORY
According to the Townsend theory
 Current growth occurs as a result of ionization process only.
 But in practice, breakdown voltages were found to depend on
the gas pressure and the geometry of the gap.
 The Townsend mechanism predicts a very diffused form of
discharge.
 But actually discharges were found to be filamentary and
irregular

3. Limitations of Townsend Theory
Limitations of Townsend Theory
 Fails to explain the formative time lag of
breakdown. The mechanism predicts time lags
of order of 10-5 s, but practically it was observed
to occur at a very short time of 10-8 s.
 Fails to explain the effect of space charge
 Fails to explain the discharge under high
potential differenceive.
John Henry Townsend