The document discusses thermal pollution, highlighting its causes such as heated effluents from power plants and industrial processes, and its detrimental effects on aquatic and terrestrial environments. It outlines how increased temperatures can elevate toxicity levels, disrupt reproduction in aquatic species, and promote harmful algal growth. Strategies for controlling and preventing thermal pollution include using cooling towers, ponds, and improved design for water discharge systems.

1. THERMAL POLLUTION
Application ID: d74283c5f03d11e9be91b5549a39a241
MAHESH.T.M
Maheshtm1098@gmail.com
Academic writing

2. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
 This presentation is done to fulfil the
summative assignment 2 of week 13
of the course for Academic Writing

3. INTRODUCTION
 The term thermal pollution has been used to indicate the detrimental effects of
heated effluents discharged by various power plants. It denotes the impairment
of quality and deterioration of aquatic and terrestrial environment.
 A common cause of thermal pollution is the use of water as a coolant by power
plants and industrial manufacturers.
Source: greentube.com

4.  The heated effluents are discharged at temperature 8-10 degree Celsius higher
than the temperature of intake water.
 According to World Health Organization (WHO),
“Heated effluents, either from natural or man made sources, contaminated with
water supplies, may be harmful to life because of their toxicity, reduction in
normal oxygen level of water, aesthetically unsuitable and spread diseases.”
Source: conserve-energy-future.com

5. CAUSES OF THERMAL
POLLUTION
o The major source of thermal pollution is discharge of heated water or wastes
into water body mainly from
 Nuclear power plants
 Industrial effluents
 Hydro electric Power Plants
 Coal fired Plants

6. EFFECTS OF THERMAL POLLUTION
 Increase in toxicity: A rise in temperature increases the toxicity of the poison
present in water which increases the mortality rates of the aquatic animals.
 Interference with reproduction and reproductive rates: In fishes, several
activities like nest building, spawning, reproduction etc. depends on some
optimum temperature. The increase in temperature triggers deposition of eggs
by females.
 Increased vulnerability to diseases: Activities of several pathogenic
microorganisms are accelerated by higher temperature. Example: hot water
causes bacterial disease in Salmon fish.
 Growth of Blue-Green Algae: The thermal discharge to a water course may
favor the growth of blue-green algae over green algae, resulting in damage to
ecosystem. Blue-green algae are reported to be the poorer source of food for
aquatic animals.
 Change in water properties: A rise in temperature changes the physical and
chemical properties of water.

7. source: latestgkgs.com

8. CONTROL OF THERMAL
POLLUTION
 COOLING TOWERS: They transfer waste heat to the atmosphere by
evaporation or heat transfer after passage through a condenser.
 COOLING POND: Man made reservoirs which constitute the simplest
method of cooling thermal discharges by evaporation, convection and
radiation.
 ARTIFICIAL LAKES: They are man made bodies of water which offer
possible alternative to cooling.
Cooling tower Cooling pond
Source: enexio.com Source: en.wikipedia.org

9. PREVENTION
 Channeling of thermal effluents
 Using adequate cooling towers and ponds
 Efficient designing of outfalls to prevent thermal block from occurring
 Avoiding interference of hot water mass with fish migration
 Temperature prediction models can be used to develop the safe engineered
designs
 By improving the efficiencies of electric power generating plants
 Through plant setting, coupled with effective use of regulated river system

10. CASE STUDY
Source: slideshare.net

11. CHINA 2010: A man collects dead fish in Guanqiao Lake in Wuhan in central
China’s Hubei province
Source: moongazermusings.wordpress.com

12. REFERENCE
o Wikipedia, accessed 20 October 2019
<www.wikipedia.org>
o Latest GK GS, accessed 22 October 2019
<https://www.latestgkgs.com/thermal-pollution-4324-a>
o Slideshare, accessed 20 October 2019
<https://www.slideshare.net/Haritha47/thermal-pollution-46386170?qid=e1dcf2e5-dc4f-
4182-b40d-ecfa3eea7155&v=&b=&from_search=4>
o SINGH,A. (2008). Textbook of Environmental Chemistry. 1st ed.
New Delhi: Campus Books International
o KAUR,H. (2008). Environmental Chemistry. 3rd ed. Meerut: Pragati Prakashan

13. Source: Google images