The document summarizes several theories of leadership:
1) Theory X and Theory Y describe different views on employee motivation - Theory X assumes people dislike work while Theory Y assumes people can exercise self-direction.
2) The Ohio State Studies identified two dimensions of leader behavior - initiating structure and consideration.
3) The Michigan Studies looked at how leader behaviors like employee-centered and job-centered styles relate to organizational performance.
4) Other theories discussed include Blake and Mouton's Managerial Grid, Hersey and Blanchard's situational leadership theory, the path-goal theory, Fiedler's contingency theory, and transformational leadership theory.
Theories of leadership/ Leadership theories- Organizational BehaviorSumedhaSrivastava5
The presentation is about the theories of leadership. You can go through it to learn about how leaders are different from non leaders and what studies led to this result. This is a topic of the subject Organizational Behavior and may also come under Human Resource Management.
Thank you! I hope you find it helpful.
Theories of leadership/ Leadership theories- Organizational BehaviorSumedhaSrivastava5
The presentation is about the theories of leadership. You can go through it to learn about how leaders are different from non leaders and what studies led to this result. This is a topic of the subject Organizational Behavior and may also come under Human Resource Management.
Thank you! I hope you find it helpful.
Leadership theories: Advantages and LimitationsRashmi Pandey
Theories related to leadership. It will provide you an overview about different theories of leadership present in the world. You can choose and take a move forward in your life based in these theories. This is an important topic in Human resource management in management course.
These Slides are containing main and basic features of Leadership. Such as -
**What is Leadership?
**Who is/are Leader/Leaders?
**Leadership Trait Theories
**Leadership Behavior Theories
**Eight Traits of Leaders
**University of IOWA Studies
**The OHIO State Studies
**University of Michigan Studies
**The Managerial Grid
**Contingency Theories of Leadership
**The Fiedler Model
**Situational Leadership Theories
**Path Goal Model
**Types of Leaders
**LMX Theory
**Team Leadership
Learn what transformational leadership is, the qualities of a transformational leader, how they transform themselves, others, organizations, the world! Discover the impact that your being a transformational leader can have on bringing about a change in the world that we need to see that is in the best interest of everyone, a moral change.
What is Transformational Leadership?
Charismatic, visionary leaders who transform organizations through empowering followers. Leaders who bring out the best in followers and develop them into leaders. Leaders who motivate and challenge teams to perform at levels beyond expectations.
Leadership theories: Advantages and LimitationsRashmi Pandey
Theories related to leadership. It will provide you an overview about different theories of leadership present in the world. You can choose and take a move forward in your life based in these theories. This is an important topic in Human resource management in management course.
These Slides are containing main and basic features of Leadership. Such as -
**What is Leadership?
**Who is/are Leader/Leaders?
**Leadership Trait Theories
**Leadership Behavior Theories
**Eight Traits of Leaders
**University of IOWA Studies
**The OHIO State Studies
**University of Michigan Studies
**The Managerial Grid
**Contingency Theories of Leadership
**The Fiedler Model
**Situational Leadership Theories
**Path Goal Model
**Types of Leaders
**LMX Theory
**Team Leadership
Learn what transformational leadership is, the qualities of a transformational leader, how they transform themselves, others, organizations, the world! Discover the impact that your being a transformational leader can have on bringing about a change in the world that we need to see that is in the best interest of everyone, a moral change.
What is Transformational Leadership?
Charismatic, visionary leaders who transform organizations through empowering followers. Leaders who bring out the best in followers and develop them into leaders. Leaders who motivate and challenge teams to perform at levels beyond expectations.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
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Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
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Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
2. Theory X & Theory Y
People are inherently People are not
lazy and dislike work inherently lazy and
like work
People must be
coerced, controlled, People will exercise
directed and self-direction and self-
threatened control to reach
organizational goals
3. The Ohio State Studies
Ohio State researchers at Ohio State University
found that leaders behavior could be described
in terms of two dimensions
– Initiating Structure
– Consideration
4. The Michigan Studies
By Resis Likert and his associates at the
University of Michigan
How leadership behavior relates to organizational
performance
Identified two leader behaviors
– Employee-centered leader behavior
– Job-centered leader behavior
5. Rensis Likert identified four main styles of
leadership, in particular around decision-making and
the degree to which people are involved in the
decision.
• Exploitive authoritative
In this style, the leader has a low concern for people
and uses such methods as threats and other fear-
based methods to achieve conformance.
Communication is almost entirely downwards and
the psychologically distant concerns of people are
ignored.
• Benevolent authoritative
When the leader adds concern for people to an
authoritative position, a 'benevolent dictatorship' is
formed. The leader now uses rewards to encourage
appropriate performance and listens.
6. • Consultative
The upward flow of information here is still cautious
and rose-tinted to some degree, although the leader
is making genuine efforts to listen carefully to ideas.
Nevertheless, major decisions are still largely
centrally made.
• Participative
At this level, the leader makes maximum use of
participative methods, engaging people lower down
the organization in decision-making. People across
the organization are psychologically closer together
and work well together at all levels.
"Our knowledge can only be finite, while our ignorance must necessarily be infinite." ―
Karl Popper, Austrian philosopher
7. Blake and Mouton's Managerial Grid
By Robert R. Blake and Jane Srygley
Mouton
Method of analyzing leader behavior using
a two-dimensional grid
Concern for people
Concern for production
8. Hersey & Blanchard
Theory of Leadership
Developed by Paul Hersey and Kenneth H.
Blanchard
States that the leader's behavior (task behavior/
relationship behavior) should be altered according
to the employees readiness/maturity (ability and
willingness ) to complete the task
States that behaviors (high or low) determine the
leadership style and leadership style is contingent
on followers maturity level (able/unable and
willing/unwilling).
9. Four Leadership Styles
Telling Leadership
High Task + Low Relationship......Directing Leadership
Selling Leadership
High Task + High Relationship.....Couching Leadership
Participating Leadership
Low Task + High Relationship......Supporting Leadership
Delegating Leadership
Low Task + Low Relationship.......Delegating Leadership
10. Path Goal theory of Leadership
By Martin G. Evans, Robert J. House and others
It has its roots in expectancy theory of motivation
Suggests that the leader's primary motivational
functions are to make attractive rewards available,
to guide employees through the path to these
rewards by clarifying the behavior that will achieve
goals, and to remove any obstacles that prevent
goal attainment.
Suggests leaders can modify their behavior
depending on the situational variables
(environmental factors,subordinate characteristics
) they face.
11. Four Behaviors of a Leader
Directive Leadership- task is unstructured, complex or novel or
subordinates lack skills........telling exactly what to do and how to
do........similar initiating structure and task orientation
Supportive Leadership -task unambiguous, boring or
stressful........to increase satisfaction of your
subordinates........similar to consideration and relationship
orientation.
12. Achievement Oriented Leadership
task unstructured.........challenging followers so as to increase
their self-confidence and satisfaction.
Participative Leadership
task unstructured.............................................call for
participation....consulting.
13. FIEDLER'S CONTINGENCY THEORY
It relates situation favorability (Leader-member
relations, Task structure, Position Power)
towards various leadership styles to help leaders
determine the best approach in a given situation.
> > Relationship motivated behavior
>> Task motivated behavior
14. Transformational theory of Leadership
James MacGregor Burns (1978) first introduced the
concept of transforming leadership in his descriptive
research on political leaders, but this term is now used in
organizational psychology as well.
According to Burns, transforming leadership is a process
in which "leaders and followers help each other to
advance to a higher level of morale and motivation".
Bernard M. Bass (1985), extended the work of Burns
(1978) and introduced the term "transformational" in place
of "transforming.
He said that the extent to which a leader is
transformational, is measured first, in terms of his
influence on the followers.
15. Four basic elements of transformational leadership:
Individualized Consideration – the degree to which the leader attends to
each follower's needs, acts as a mentor or coach to the follower and listens
to the follower's concerns and needs. The leader gives empathy and
support, keeps communication open and places challenges before the
followers.
Intellectual Stimulation – the degree to which the leader challenges
assumptions, takes risks and solicits followers' ideas. Leaders with this style
stimulate and encourage creativity in their followers. They nurture and
develop people who think independently.
Inspirational Motivation – the degree to which the leader articulates a vision
that is appealing and inspiring to followers. Leaders with inspirational
motivation challenge followers with high standards, communicate optimism
about future goals, and provide meaning for the task at hand. The followers
are willing to invest more effort in their tasks, they are encouraged and
optimistic about the future and believe in their abilities.
Idealized Influence – Provides a role model for high ethical behavior, instills
pride, gains respect and trust.