THEME 2 SCIENTIFIC INNOVATIONS.pptx

1. THEME 2: SCIENTIFIC
INNOVATIONS

2. 2.1 Listening and Speaking
2.1.1 Oral Presentations
 Songs
 Features of a song
 Lyrics: Words that convey a message, tell a story, or evoke emotions.
 Melody: The sequence of musical notes that form the tune of the song.
 Harmony: Additional musical notes that complement the melody, creating depth and richness.
 Rhythm: The pattern of beats and tempo that give the song its pace and feel.
 Instrumentation: The selection and arrangement of musical instruments used to accompany
the vocals.
 Dynamics: The variation in volume and intensity throughout the song.
 Structure: The organization of sections such as verse, chorus, bridge, and outro.
 Arrangement: How the various elements of the song are organized and combined.
 Vocals: The performance of the singer or singers, including tone, expression, and delivery.

3. Oral presentations 2
performance techniques of a song
 Vocal control: Mastering techniques such as breath control, pitch
accuracy, and dynamics to convey emotion and captivate the
audience.
 Expression: Conveying the meaning and emotion of the lyrics through
facial expressions, body language, and vocal inflections.
 Stage presence: Engaging with the audience through eye contact,
movement, and energy, commanding attention and creating a
connection.
 Interpretation: Bringing a unique interpretation to the song, infusing
it with personal style and authenticity.
 Phrasing: Shaping the delivery of lyrics and melodies to create
musicality and convey the intended mood or emotion.

4.  Timing: Precisely timing entrances, exits, and musical
cues to maintain cohesion with the band or
accompaniment.
 Articulation: Enunciating words clearly and effectively to
ensure that the lyrics are understood and resonate with
the audience.
 Vocal effects: Incorporating techniques such as vibrato,
falsetto, vocal runs, and ornamentation to add depth and
texture to the performance.
 Stage movement: Using movement and gestures to
enhance storytelling and engage the audience, while also
considering spatial dynamics and blocking.
 Confidence: Projecting confidence and belief in oneself
and the performance, which can positively impact
delivery and audience reception.

5. Lesson 3
1. Read the poem on scientific innovations
In laboratories of minds profound,
Where curiosity's flame is found,
Innovation's spark ignites the air,
A symphony of progress rare.
In equations, theories, and meticulous thought,
Boundless frontiers are eagerly sought.
With microscope's eye and telescope's gaze,
Unraveling mysteries in myriad ways.
From humble sparks to towering heights,
Science marches forth through days and nights.
Exploring realms, both near and far,
Unlocking secrets, like a guiding star.
Innovation's dance, a wondrous sight,
Pushing boundaries with all its might.
From microcosms to galaxies vast,
Human ingenuity's die is cast.
So let us celebrate the minds ablaze,
Whose restless spirits set the craze.
For in their quest for the unknown,
Lies the heart of progress, brightly shown.
2. Collaborate to recite and record the poem with peers.

6. 2.2 Reading
2.2.1 Intensive Reading
 Simple poems
 Read the given poem for enjoyment
In labs with beakers, scientists strive,
Innovations spark, to help us thrive.
From lightbulbs glowing to vaccines true,
Science brings solutions, old and new.
Through trial and error, ideas soar,
Unlocking mysteries, forevermore.
With each discovery, a brighter dawn,
Scientific innovation carries on.

7. Simple poem
 Identify the persona in the given poem
 Identify instances of repetition in the given poem
 Explain what the poem is about
 Explain the words, phrases and sentences that
help you to decipher the surface and deeper
meaning of a poem.
 Relate the message in the poem with real life
experiences.

8. Lesson 2: Activity
1. Work with peers to compose, type and
share poems related to scientific
innovations,
2. Display their poems on a chart, a poster in
class or on the school notice board.

9. 2.3 Grammar in Use
2.3.1 Word classes
Collective Nouns: They are group names
 Collective Nouns for Animals
 Collective noun for bees – Swarm
 Collective noun for fish – Shoal or School
 Collective noun for sheep – Herd
 Collective noun for ships – Fleet
 Collective noun for birds – Flock
 Collective noun for lions – Pride
 Collective noun for wolves – Pack
 Collective noun for ants – Colony
Collective Nouns for People
 Collective noun for actors – Troupe,
Company or Cast
 Collective noun for soldiers – Army
 Collective noun for musicians – Band
 Collective noun for warriors – Troop
 Collective noun for directors – Board
 Collective noun for sailors – Crew
 Collective noun for singers – Choir
 Collective noun for dancers – Group
Collective Nouns for Objects/Things
 Collective noun for cards – Deck/Pack
 Collective noun for cigarettes – Packet
 Collective noun for mountains – Range
 Collective noun for apples – Bushel
 Collective noun for bananas – Comb
 Collective noun for grapes – Bunch
 Collective noun for flowers – Bunch or
Bouquet
 Collective noun for trees – Grove or Forest
 Write correct sentences using collective nouns from the list above,

10. Lesson 2
 Fill in the following blank spaces using the correct collective noun.
 A .............. of players is practicing.
 A ................ of sailors is fishing
 A .....................of ladies is at the saloon.
 A ........................of ship has left the port of Mombasa.
 The thief was beaten by a ................. of people.
 The __________ of geese flew overhead.
 A __________ of lions lounged in the shade.
 The __________ of wolves howled in the distance.
 A __________ of fish swam gracefully in the coral reef.
 The __________ of bees buzzed around the hive.
 A __________ of sheep grazed peacefully in the meadow.
 The __________ of ants worked tirelessly to gather food.
 A __________ of elephants marched through the savanna.
 The __________ of birds chirped melodiously at dawn.
 A __________ of dolphins leaped playfully out of the water

11. Extended learning activity
Develop a crossword puzzles using the collective noun clues below
Across:
 A group of sheep (6 letters)
 A group of fish (7 letters)
 A group of birds (5 letters)
 A group of wolves (5 letters)
 A group of bees (4 letters)
Down:
 A group of lions (5 letters)
 A group of geese (6 letters)
 A group of ants (4 letters)
 A group of cattle (5 letters)
 A group of elephants (7 letters)

12. 2.4 Reading
2.4.1 Intensive Reading:
Short story
Identify the setting - time and place-of the short story below
 The Inventor's Surprise
In a quaint little village nestled among rolling hills, there lived a young inventor
named Alex. With a mind as curious as the endless sky above, Alex spent his days
tinkering away in his small workshop, dreaming up contraptions that would astonish
the world.
One sunny morning, as the birds sang melodies of joy, Alex stumbled upon an old,
dusty chest hidden in the corner of his workshop. With a twinkle in his eye, he
brushed off the cobwebs and pried open the lid, revealing a collection of peculiar
gears, springs, and wires.
Inspiration struck like lightning as Alex's imagination ignited. With nimble fingers and a
heart full of excitement, he set to work, piecing together the forgotten treasures with
care and ingenuity.

13. Days turned into weeks, and weeks into months, as Alex toiled away in secrecy, pouring
his heart and soul into his latest creation. When at last he emerged from his workshop,
he held in his hands a marvel unlike anything the village had ever seen—a mechanical
bird, crafted with such precision and beauty that it seemed almost alive.
Eager to share his creation with the world, Alex set the mechanical bird free, watching
with bated breath as it soared into the sky, its wings fluttering with grace. The villagers
gasped in awe as they beheld the wondrous sight, their hearts filled with wonder and
admiration for the young inventor and his extraordinary creation.
But as the days passed, Alex noticed something remarkable—the mechanical bird was
not alone. One by one, it was joined by a flock of real birds, drawn to its enchanting
song and graceful flight.
As the sun dipped below the horizon and painted the sky in hues of orange and gold,
Alex realized that his invention had not only brought joy to the village but had also
forged a bond between man and nature—a bond that would endure for generations to
come.
And so, beneath the starlit sky, surrounded by the gentle rustle of leaves and the soft
chirping of birds, Alex vowed to continue his journey of discovery, guided by the belief
that with a little imagination and a lot of heart, anything was possible

14.  Highlight the episodes in the short story chronologically
 Tease out the geographical setting, the historical period and the
culture from which the story is based by looking at the words and
elements used in the story,
 Work with peers to compare the setting and places in the short
story to their own real life setting,
 Use their surroundings to describe the setting and place

15. 2.5 Writing
2.5.1 Mechanics of Writing:
Punctuation
comma, apostrophe and capital letter,
1. Read the text below and note the use of comma, apostrophe and capital letters.
Lily's favorite season, autumn, arrives with a burst of color. She loves watching the
leaves change from vibrant green to shades of red, orange, and yellow. As she walks
through the park, she enjoys the crisp air and the sound of leaves crunching beneath
her feet. It's a magical time of year, filled with cozy sweaters, pumpkin spice lattes,
and bonfires with friends. Lily's heart swells with gratitude for these simple pleasures,
reminding her to cherish each moment.
2. Explain how the comma and apostrophes are used in the text.
3. Discuss the role of capital letters as used in various words or sentences in the
passage.

16. Lesson 2
2.5.1 Mechanics of Writing
Punctuate the following passage correctly using comma, apostrophe and capital letters.
 The old oak trees branches reached out like gnarled fingers swaying gently in the
breezeits trun thick and sturdystood as a testament to the passage of time Beneath its
shadea small wooden bench sat weathered but welcoming. On itsat an elderly manhis
face lined with agereading a bookA pair of squirrels chased each other playfully around
the base of the treetheir tiny feet scampering across the groundAs the sun began to
setpainting the sky in hues of pink and gold the man closed his booka smile playing at the
corners of his lipsWith a contented sighhe leaned back against the treebasking in the
tranquility of the moment

17. Lesson 3: ACTIVITY
 Write a short composition on scientific
innovations using capital letters, commas
and apostrophes correctly.
 Assess each other’s composition and discuss
how the punctuation marks and capital
letters have been used.
 Search for more uses of the apostrophe and
brackets from books or the internet.