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The zimbabwe dairy industry
The Zimbabwe dairy industry has declined significantly since 1980, with milk production falling from 156,000 metric tons in 1980 to only 52,000 metric tons in 2012. The industry is structured around milk collection and distribution, processing, retailing, input supply, and consumption. Milk production comes from both a large-scale commercial sector and a smallholder sector, with the commercial sector accounting for 97-98% of the market. Several organizations provide support services to the industry, including farmers' cooperations, the National Dairy Authority, and non-governmental organizations.
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The zimbabwe dairy industry
- 1. THE ZIMBABWE DAIRY INDUSTRY GororoEddington, November 2013
- 2. Industry size 2 Year Milk (‘000mt) 1980 156 Cows (‘000) 106 Reg. farmers - 1990 262 122 521 1995 200 101 376 2000 177 42 314 2005 100 - 279 2010 47 - 236 2011 51 23 233 2012 52 23 233
- 3. Industry structure 3 Milk collection anddistribution Milk Processing Retailing and marketing Input supply Consumption
- 4. Input supply 4 Feed compoundingand marketing Fertilisers Seed companies Agro-chemicals Breeding supplies and services Veterinary services Dairy equipment and spares Etc.
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- 6. Milk Production 6 A dualindustry that vary with scale of production. 1. 2. Large scale commercial sector Smallholder sector Informal sector not regarded as part of the industry
- 7. Large-scale Dairy Sector 7 Largespecialized farms Capitalisation and mechanisation Specialist dairy breeds and their crosses Holstein-Frisian, Jersey, Red Dane, Ayrshire Milk yields > 4000 kg Share of market: 97-98 %
- 8. Large-scale Dairy Sector 8 Ahigh level of vertical integration Forward: to milk processing and distribution e.g. Alpha Omega Dairies, Dendairy, Clavelshay Dairy Backwards: to feed production e.g., Dendairy (through Ice Feeds) >200 non-operational dairy farms
- 9. Large-scale Dairy Sector 9 Registeredas Producer-retailers producer-distributors producer- processors
- 10. Smallholder Dairy Sector 10 Smallscale dairy projects initiated in 1982 under the then Dairy Marketing Board (now Dairibord Holdings Ltd) Each farmer has 1-5 specialized dairy cows and their crosses Total projects countrywide = 35 But in 2012 only 17 were operational with a combined active (delivering) membership of 485 producers.
- 11. Smallholder Dairy Sector 11 Milkyields: 1,800-2,500litres/lactation Milk is sold locally to neighbours and/or through milk collection centers (farmers’ cooperatives) process it or sell to processing companies. Contributes only 2-3 % of marketed milk production.
- 12. Collection and distribution 12 Smallscale farmers: bring milk to collection centre/dairy in ox-drawn carts or by bicycle or car Large scale farms: milk collected in cooled milk tankers every 2-3 days by NFB Logistics (DZL) NDC (DZL, Nestle, Kefalos, etc.) Own car/lorry (cans) Backward and forward integration in the value chain.
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- 14. Processed Product Range 14 34registered processors with capacity to process 400 million litres p. a. Liquid milks UHT – e.g. Steri, Longlife Pasteurised – e.g., Chimombe, flavoured milks Fermented milks – Inkomasi, Lacto, Hodzeko, Maas, yorghurts, drinking yorghurts Powder – full cream, skim milk powder, low fat, substitute creamers Other products – cheese, dairy flavoured drinks, dairy-fruit juices, butter, ice cream Presentation Plastic bottles, plastic satchets, PVC cups, cartons
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- 16. Support functions 16 CFU, ZFU,ZCFU NADF The aims and objectives of the NADF are to promote, advance and develop the production of milk and dairy products in Zimbabwe and to advance and protect the interests of all sections and categories of producers and by so doing play a pivotal anchor role in the dairy industry in Zimbabwe. Zimbabwe Dairy Services Agency Farmers’ organizations Regulatory (Dairy Act and Dairy Regulations) Monitoring and registration (Quality scheme) Zimbabwe Dairy Herd Improvement Program (ZDHI) Training Zimbabwe Dairy Industry Trust
- 17. Support Services 17 NDC (NationalDairy Co-operative Ltd) bulk tank hire bulk milk collection Dairy Development Programme (DDP) promote milk production in small scale commercial farms, resettlement and communal areas Promote the processing and marketing of milk by these farmers Government – research, technical extension, veterinary services, education and training, regulation
- 18. Support Services 18 Bilateral andNon-Governmental Organizations Heifer Project International Technoserve Land O’Lakes European Union USAID ZimACP (Zimbabwe Agricultural Competitive Programme)
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- 20. Contact me 20 Eddington Gororo Departmentof Animal Production and Technology Chinhoyi University of Technology Private Bag 7724 Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe Email: gororoeddington@gmail.com Mobile Tel. +263 77 3 916375