The Russian Revolution: The Cycle
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Strikes and unrest led to the Tsar being forced to abdicate, establishing a provisional government. However, Lenin and the Bolsheviks seized power from this government, taking control of the Winter Palace. A civil war broke out as one set of revolutionaries eliminated opposition. Stalin eventually consolidated power after Lenin's death, using terror and purges to suppress all opposition and establish his dictatorship, reversing many of the gains of the original revolution.
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Paul Chamberlain is an associate professor of history at the University of Kentucky who has written extensively on the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) and the global politics surrounding Palestinian liberation between 1967 and 1975. He will be giving a lecture at the University of Texas at Austin on November 20th, 2013 about the global politics surrounding the PLO during this time period and how it transformed the Arab-Israeli conflict on the global stage through its nationalist message and Third World alliances, despite efforts by the US and Israel to contain it locally.
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The document discusses Soviet support for the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the Guomindang (GMD) in the 1920s that included:
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2) Training GMD officers in Russia, such as Chiang Kai-shek.
3) Calling for the CCP to join with the GMD to form a broad revolutionary force.
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2) Training GMD officers in Russia, such as Chiang Kai-shek.
3) Calling for the CCP to join with the GMD to form a broad revolutionary force.
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2) The Red Guard attacked targets associated with the "Four Olds" of old ideas, culture, customs, and habits on Mao's orders, publicly humiliating and persecuting individuals.
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Here are the key differences between the sources as evidence of the results of collectivization:
- Source A presents a positive view of collectivization, stating that peasants eventually saw the benefits of collectivization such as receiving tractors and farm machines from new factories built by the government. It claims food production decreased initially but does not provide details on the human costs.
- Source B presents a very negative view, describing the horrific human costs of collectivization such as 10 million peasants being shot or sent to labor camps. It states collectivization was forced upon peasants and the rich farmers (kulaks) were targeted. It directly contradicts Source A by stating collectivization resulted in horrendous famines that killed millions.
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The document provides an overview of events in Russia from February to October 1917, when the Provisional Government ruled. It describes the aims of the Provisional Government, including democratic reforms. However, it notes the Provisional Government faced many problems, such as a lack of authority, the land issue, and continuing Russia's involvement in World War I, which increased unrest. The document also discusses the growing influence of the Bolsheviks during this time and their opposition to the Provisional Government.
The repression of dissidence
The document discusses dissent and artistic expression under Soviet leadership. It explains that while dissent was too dangerous under Stalin, people were more willing to express opinions after Khrushchev challenged Communist infallibility. However, political dissent was still rare. The document also notes that Brezhnev allowed art that reflected the views of the working class but did not tolerate "art for art's sake." Those who challenged the system through artistic or intellectual expression became known as dissidents.
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The document discusses different totalitarian leaders and their policies. It describes how Vladimir Lenin established the first communist government in Russia and allowed more economic freedom for farmers. It outlines how Stalin conducted the Great Purge and Five Year Plan, and how Mao Zedong led revolutions in China like the Great Leap Forward and Cultural Revolution. The document also mentions Hitler writing Mein Kampf and establishing the SS to run concentration camps in Germany.
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The document discusses several topics related to Russian history in the early 20th century:
1) It summarizes key events of the 1917 Russian Revolution which overthrew the Tsarist government and established a communist government led by Vladimir Lenin.
2) It provides brief biographies of some important Russian revolutionary figures including Lenin, Stalin, and Trotsky and their roles in the establishment of Soviet rule.
3) It also defines concepts like the proletariat, Bolshevik Revolution, and Communist Party and how they relate to the political and economic system established in the Soviet Union.
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The document discusses Mao Zedong's Cultural Revolution in China from 1966-1976. It describes how Mao launched the Cultural Revolution to reassert his power and combat perceived threats of capitalism and revisionism. Radical intellectuals and youth groups like the Red Guards played a major role in purging bourgeois elements and eradicating traditional culture. This led to widespread factionalism and political and social turmoil throughout Chinese society over the next decade until Mao's death.
From Collapse to Oligarchy
The document summarizes the collapse of the USSR from 1991-1997 and the rise of oligarchy in Russia. It describes the short and long term reasons for the USSR's collapse, including Gorbachev's miscalculations, rapid economic decline, lack of democratic traditions, and nationalism. It then outlines key events like the 1991 coup against Gorbachev, Yeltsin's rise, and the failed August 1991 coup. This led to divided elites, institutions breaking down, and "dual power" between Yeltsin and Gorbachev. Rapid economic reforms under "shock therapy" caused chaos and consolidated power among a small group of wealthy oligarchs, establishing an oligarchic system in Russia.
World literature (mao zedong)
Mao Zedong was a Chinese communist revolutionary who served as China's Chairman from 1949 until his death in 1976. He had four wives and 10 children total. Mao developed influential Marxist-Leninist theories known as Maoism and led the Communist Party of China to power. Supporters credit him with modernizing China, while critics argue he oversaw human rights abuses and policies that caused millions of deaths. Mao suffered health issues late in life and died of a heart attack in 1976 at age 82, after leaving a significant impact on both China and global communism.
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The document summarizes why Chinese hopes were bitterly disappointed by the Treaty of Versailles. It explains that China joined World War I on the side of the Allies and contributed labor support but its territory of Shandong was given to Japan instead of being restored to China as promised. This led to a rise in Chinese nationalism and shattered faith in Woodrow Wilson's ideals of self-determination. The Chinese delegation refused to sign the treaty, and violent protests broke out among Chinese immigrants in Paris, foreshadowing the nationalist sentiment that would emerge in China.
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The document provides biographical information about Mao Zedong, the founder of the People's Republic of China. It details his early involvement in communist movements in China and his rise to power. It describes some of Mao's major policies and programs as the leader of China, including the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution. The document also includes several famous quotes attributed to Mao Zedong.
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1) Mao Zedong launched the Cultural Revolution in 1966 to purge Chinese society of old ideas and implement communist ideals, arming youth groups known as the Red Guard to carry out the goals of the revolution.
2) The Red Guard attacked targets associated with the "Four Olds" of old ideas, culture, customs, and habits on Mao's orders, publicly humiliating and persecuting individuals.
3) By the time the Cultural Revolution ended with Mao's death in 1976, it had caused widespread destruction of cultural artifacts and sites and an estimated 80 million deaths across China as the Red Guard cracked down on any perceived opposition through tactics like imprisonment, torture, and execution.
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This document provides information about totalitarian leaders including Vladimir Lenin, Joseph Stalin, Mao Zedong, and Adolf Hitler. It discusses Lenin establishing the USSR and the New Economic Policy. It describes Stalin's purges that killed thousands and his five year plans to strengthen the economy. It outlines Mao Zedong killing opponents to gain power in China and the deaths resulting from his Great Leap Forward and Cultural Revolution campaigns. It also mentions Hitler writing Mein Kampf in prison and using the Reichstag fire to consolidate power and establish the SS as his personal guard.
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This document contains questions about various sources related to Tsar Nicholas II of Russia and the events leading up to the Russian Revolution of 1917. The questions probe how different factors such as Bloody Sunday, World War I, economic problems, and popular discontent contributed to the decline of the Tsar's authority and the conditions that caused his eventual overthrow.
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The document is a leadership presentation about Mao Zedong that outlines his life chronology and highlights his leadership qualities. It discusses that Mao was a Chinese revolutionary leader who founded the Communist Party of China and led the country's revolution in 1949, establishing the People's Republic of China. The presentation aims to highlight Mao's leadership qualities such as courage, willpower, initiative and knowledge in order to provide lessons that can help develop one's own leadership abilities.
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This document provides discussion questions and prompts about communism in Russia and China in the 20th century. It includes prompts about how communists rose to power in each country, the economic and social changes in each country over the century, and the causes of the fall of communism. The document then provides multiple choice questions to test understanding of key events and leaders in Russia and China under communist rule.
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This document provides information about factors that contributed to the Russian Revolution in a series of questions and answers:
1) Autocratic policies and economic issues inflamed the masses. Industrialization led to poor working conditions and unrest.
2) Russia's loss in the Russo-Japanese War sparked unrest and revolt. "Bloody Sunday" led to increased freedoms but also violence. World War I further weakened the Czar's rule.
3) The document does not provide details about how the November 1917 Revolution, Civil War, or establishing Soviet republics helped the Bolsheviks gain control.
4) Karl Marx, Vladimir Lenin, and Leon Trotsky were major figures that influenced the Russian Revolution but their specific roles are not
Causes of Cultural Revolution
The document provides background information on key events and figures in China from the Great Leap Forward to the Cultural Revolution between 1959-1976. It discusses Mao stepping down as chairman in 1959 while remaining party chairman. In 1962, Mao accused Liu Shaoqi and Deng Xiaoping of taking a "capitalist road" with their economic policies. The document also profiles important figures like Lin Biao, the Gang of Four including Jiang Qing, Zhang Chunqiao, Yao Wenyuan and Wang Hongwen, and military leader Zhu De. It provides excerpts from the diary of propaganda figure Lei Feng who was held up as a model communist.
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Political developments in the Soviet Union following World War II saw Andrei Zhdanov promote strict conformity to the Communist Party line. However, fewer Communists were purged during this time compared to the Great Terror. The growth of the Cold War and conflict with the West led to increased nationalism in the Soviet Union. With Stalin growing frail and Zhdanov's death in 1948, other Communist leaders like Beria and Malenkov launched purges in Leningrad and Georgia to position themselves as Stalin's successor. Anti-Semitism also increased as several Russian Jews were executed for treason in fabricated cases.
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Here are the key differences between the sources as evidence of the results of collectivization:
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- Source B presents a very negative view, describing the horrific human costs of collectivization such as 10 million peasants being shot or sent to labor camps. It states collectivization was forced upon peasants and the rich farmers (kulaks) were targeted. It directly contradicts Source A by stating collectivization resulted in horrendous famines that killed millions.
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These slides summarise the impact of Hitler's rule over Germany. Just like Stalin's Soviet Union, Hitler's Germany was impacted in 3 areas - political, social and economic.
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Stalin imposed economic, political, and social policies to consolidate his power and modernize the Soviet Union. His economic policies focused on rapid industrialization through Five-Year Plans which set high targets for industrial and agricultural growth. This included expanding factories, transportation, and collectivization of agriculture. Politically, Stalin eliminated all opposition through the Great Terror and established a cult of personality. Socially, the state tightly controlled all aspects of society and people lived in constant fear. Overall, Stalin's policies transformed the Soviet Union into an industrial and military power, but at the cost of individual freedoms and millions of lives.
Stalin's Rise to Power
Stalin manipulated factors and exploited divisions within the Communist Party to consolidate his power following Lenin's death in 1924. He pretended to be close to Lenin, used his position as General Secretary to appoint loyalists, and isolated opponents like Trotsky by portraying them as disloyal. By 1927, Stalin had established himself as the Supreme Leader of the Soviet Union by removing potential rivals through alliances, propaganda, and purges.
Sec 3N Hist (Elec) Chapter 2.1 (Part 2) Reasons for rise of stalin
Stalin rose to become the supreme leader of the Soviet Union through manipulation and eliminating his opponents. As general secretary, he retained power by not disclosing Lenin's testament that wanted him removed. He discredited Trotsky and used his control over the Communist Party and secret police to expel Trotsky and gain complete control by 1929.
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Bmc hist unit 2_authoritarian_regimes_stalin&policies_slideshare
Bmc hist unit 2_authoritarian_regimes_stalin&policies_slideshare
Sec 3N Hist (Elec) Chapter 2.1 (part 1): The Soviet Union
Sec 3N Hist (Elec) Chapter 2.1 (part 1): The Soviet Union
Lecture slides rise of stalin and impact (2016) updated-1703_gedits
Lecture slides rise of stalin and impact (2016) updated-1703_gedits
Sec 3N Hist (Elec) Chapter 2.1 (Part 2) Reasons for rise of stalin
Sec 3N Hist (Elec) Chapter 2.1 (Part 2) Reasons for rise of stalin
Similar to The Russian Revolution: The Cycle
Rejection of liberalism
The document summarizes key aspects of individual rights and freedoms under Stalin's Soviet Union. It notes that Stalin established a dictatorship in the 1930s by banning private business, eliminating opposition through purges and executions, and restricting rights like fair trials and religious freedom. Prisoners faced harsh conditions. Overall, Stalin enforced conformity using fear and challenging any ideas counter to his rule in order to industrialize the country, though this came at the immense human cost of lives lost through famines, deportations and purges.
Russian revolutionnew
The Russian Revolution of 1917 overthrew the monarchy of Czar Nicholas II as the people grew angry with the economic hardship caused by World War I. They adopted the communist ideas of Karl Marx, which called for a classless society. The Bolsheviks, led by Vladimir Lenin, seized power and established the Soviet Union. However, after Lenin's death, Joseph Stalin rose to power and established a totalitarian dictatorship, eliminating his opponents and killing millions of citizens through repression and famine. He modeled the government on communist principles but distorted them for his own authoritarian rule.
The Russian Communist Revolution 1917
1. The document discusses reasons for the Russian Revolution in 1917, including the weak leadership of Czar Nicholas II, huge differences between social classes, and Russia's defeat in World War I.
2. After the revolution, Lenin established communist rule but died in 1924, leading to a power struggle between Stalin and Trotsky that Stalin ultimately won.
3. Under Stalin's rule, he established a cult of personality through socialist realist art, rapidly industrialized through five-year plans, and collectivized agriculture, leading to the deaths of millions from famine and purges. Stalin also exerted total control over cultural and political life.
History ppt
The Russian Revolution overthrew the absolute monarchy of Czar Nicholas II in 1917. The Czar had exhausted Russia's economy through involvement in World War I, leaving the population poor and starving while he lived comfortably. Inspired by the communist ideas of Karl Marx, the Bolsheviks, led by Vladimir Lenin, launched a successful revolt against the Czar. In 1918, the Czar and his entire family were assassinated by the revolutionary government. A power struggle ensued after Lenin's death in 1924, which was won by Joseph Stalin through deception and force. Stalin went on to become a ruthless dictator, eliminating opponents through his secret police and causing the deaths of millions of innocent people through his oppressive rule.
Russian Revolution
The 1905 Russo-Japanese War ended in a humiliating defeat for Russia, showing that the rule of the Czar was weak and disorganized. After defeating Russia, Japan solidified its control over Korea and established itself as a new imperial power in the region. The Russo-Japanese War contributed to growing discontent within Russia and further weakened the absolute monarchy of the Czar in the lead up to the revolutions of 1917.
Russian Revolution
The document provides background information on Russia prior to the 1917 revolution. It summarizes that Czar Nicholas II was an inept ruler during a time of famine, war losses, and growing unrest against the monarchy. The February Revolution of 1917 forced Nicholas to abdicate and a provisional government took over, but the Bolsheviks then seized power in October 1917 under Lenin. A civil war ensued as the Bolsheviks consolidated power and established a communist state under Lenin and later Stalin through authoritarian means.
Rejection of liberalism
The document discusses human rights abuses that occurred under three totalitarian regimes in the 20th century: Stalin's Soviet Union, Nazi Germany, and Fascist Italy under Mussolini. It provides examples of how each regime restricted basic rights and freedoms. Stalin banned private businesses and eliminated political opponents through purges and executions without trials. Hitler restricted rights through decrees and eliminated equality by targeting Jews and others. Mussolini rigged elections and used violence against socialists to establish his dictatorship. The regimes justified these actions as necessary to maintain control, though critics view the restrictions as unjustified given their impact on individual liberties.
Stalin In Power Essay
The document provides an overview of Stalin's rule in the Soviet Union, comparing some aspects to Tsarist rule in Russia. It notes that while Stalin implemented similar strategies as the Tsars, such as personality cultism and control over media, he did so with the goal of establishing communism rather than continuing Tsarist ideology. Overall, the document argues it is an oversimplification to equate Stalin completely to a "Red Tsar," as he both opposed aspects of Tsarism and sought to transform Russia through communism.
Totalitarianism
This document defines totalitarianism as a form of absolute dictatorship and profiles several totalitarian leaders throughout history. It discusses Vladimir Lenin and the establishment of communism in Russia, Stalin's Great Purges and five-year plans, Mao Zedong's rise to power in China and his Cultural Revolution and Great Leap Forward policies, and Adolf Hitler's authorship of Mein Kampf and his consolidation of power in Germany after the Reichstag fire.
History Stalin Totalitarian Ideology 2015 AQA
Stalin consolidated his control over the Soviet Union in the 1930s through extreme centralization of power and brutal purges of opposition. He crushed political diversity and alternative ideologies by having opponents of his policies expelled from the Communist Party and assassinated. As General Secretary of the Communist Party, Stalin built a personal following within the Party apparatus that helped him remove political rivals to gain dominance. However, some historians argue that local Party officials pursued their own interests and were not fully beholden to Stalin. By the 1930s, Stalin had achieved total control over decision making as the dictator of the Soviet Union.
Chinese Revolution & Mao
The document summarizes the history of revolution and communism in China from the early 20th century to modern times. It describes the fall of the Qing Dynasty in 1911 and the rise of nationalist and communist movements led by Chiang Kai-shek and Mao Zedong. Mao emerged as the leader of the communists after their famous Long March retreat. The communists defeated the nationalists in 1949, establishing the People's Republic of China under Mao's leadership. Mao implemented authoritarian policies and economic programs that had mixed results, including the Great Leap Forward that caused a devastating famine.
Russian revolution, edited
The Russian Revolution of 1917 overthrew the oppressive rule of Czar Nicholas II as the impoverished people grew angry with his leadership that benefited only himself while they starved. They were inspired by the political ideas of Karl Marx and formed the Bolshevik party led by Vladimir Lenin to establish a communist system with equal rights and resources for all. However, after Lenin's death, Joseph Stalin rose to power through deception and eliminated his opponents, establishing a totalitarian dictatorship worse than that of the Czar as he had millions killed through his secret police in his greedy pursuit of control.
Germany at war resistance and repression
The document discusses resistance groups in Nazi Germany including the Rote Kapell (Red Orchestra) communist group, the White Rose student group led by Hans and Sophie Scholl, and conservative elites such as the Kreisau Circle and those involved in the failed Stauffenberg Plot. While these groups took actions like distributing leaflets and attempting to assassinate Hitler, most members were eventually caught and executed. Resistance efforts were isolated, faced repression from the Nazi police state, and ultimately failed to overthrow the Nazi regime.
China revolution & mao
The document summarizes the history of revolution and communism in China from the early 20th century to modern times. It describes how the Qing dynasty fell in 1911 and was replaced by warlords and nationalist and communist groups vying for power. Between 1925-1937, the Nationalists led by Chiang Kai-shek fought the Communists led by Mao Zedong for control. Mao emerged as the leader of the communists after the Long March from 1934-1935. The Communists and Nationalists fought together against the Japanese invasion from 1937-1945. After World War 2, the civil war resumed and the Communists defeated the Nationalists in 1949, establishing communist rule in China under Mao.
China: Political Development
The document summarizes major political developments in China from ancient dynasties to the modern era. It describes the rise and fall of dynasties like the Shang, Zhou, Qin, and Han and the philosophies like Confucianism and Legalism that influenced government. It then discusses foreign invasions, the decline of the Qing, and the establishment of the Republic of China. Finally, it outlines the Communist rise under Mao Zedong, the establishment of the People's Republic of China, and Mao's social and economic campaigns like the Great Leap Forward and Cultural Revolution.
Russian Revolution
The Russian Revolution of 1917 overthrew the monarchy of Czar Nicholas II and established the Soviet Union. The revolution was inspired by communist ideas of Karl Marx but adopted by the Bolshevik party led by Vladimir Lenin. With popular support, the Bolsheviks overthrew the weakening Czarist regime and established the world's first communist state, though this later led to the rise of the brutal dictator Joseph Stalin.
Psc 433 paper
Through an analysis of Joseph Stalin's rise to power in the Soviet Union and his rule as leader, the document examines the process of a charismatic leader. It discusses the six stages Stalin demonstrated: identification, activity arousal, commitment, disenchantment, depersonalization, and alienation. Stalin eliminated political rivals to become sole leader and transformed the Soviet economy through five-year plans, despite mass deaths. He established a cult of personality through propaganda and censorship, portraying himself as omnipotent. Stalin's Great Purge solidified commitment from followers. After his death, de-Stalinization began as the Soviet Union moved from a charismatic to bureaucratic leadership style. Stalin was a master rhetorician who used
Russian Revolution
The document summarizes key events of the Russian Revolution of 1917. It describes how Czar Nicholas II's involvement in World War I exhausted Russia's economy and left citizens poor. Inspired by communist ideas of Marx, the people revolted against the Czar's rule. The Bolsheviks, led by Vladimir Lenin, succeeded in overthrowing the Czar in 1918 and established communist rule. However, power struggles ensued after Lenin's death in 1924, which Stalin ultimately won, allowing him to consolidate power and rule as a ruthless dictator through his secret police.
Russian Revolution Notes
The document summarizes key events of the Russian Revolution of 1917. It describes how Czar Nicholas II's involvement in World War I exhausted Russia's economy and left citizens poor and starving. Inspired by communist ideas of Karl Marx, the people revolted against the Czar's rule. The Bolsheviks, led by Vladimir Lenin, were able to overthrow the Czar in 1918. However, after Lenin's death in 1924, a power struggle emerged between Leon Trotsky and Joseph Stalin, with Stalin eventually exiling and killing Trotsky to become the sole leader of the USSR. Stalin established a secret police and eliminated opponents, becoming a ruthless dictator comparable to Hitler.
Rise of the Soviet Union: Period 6
1. The document provides information about reasons for the Russian Revolution and the rise of communism in Russia. It discusses the weak leadership of Czar Nicholas II and huge differences between social classes that led to unrest.
2. After Lenin's death in 1924, there was a power struggle between Stalin and Trotsky for control of the Soviet Union. Stalin eventually consolidated power through ruthless political maneuvers.
3. Under Stalin's rule, the Soviet Union instituted policies like collectivization, industrialization, and censorship of cultural life. Stalin aimed to transform Russia into a global power through these programs and by glorifying himself.
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The industrial revolution22
The Industrial Revolution began in England in the late 18th century and transformed the country from a rural agricultural society to an urban industrial one. Key factors that enabled the Industrial Revolution in England included its location of coal resources near waterways, prior developments from the Agricultural Revolution like improved farming techniques and transportation infrastructure, and established banking systems. The Industrial Revolution introduced factory systems with harsh working conditions, rapidly increased populations and urbanization, and created social divisions between classes. It also led to global trade and Britain's colonial empire which exported British goods and imported raw materials, fueling further industrialization. Important innovations included the steam engine, cotton gin, steel production, and germ theory of disease.
The industrial revolution
The document summarizes key aspects and impacts of the Industrial Revolution in Britain between 1750-1850. It describes factors like the location of coal resources that enabled the revolution to begin in Britain. It discusses agricultural and population growth during this period and how new farming techniques led to more efficient production and lower food prices. This availability of cheap food allowed the population to rapidly expand. The document also outlines how new technologies like the steam engine and cotton gin drove industrialization and transformed society through the rise of factories and urbanization. Overall, it analyzes major economic, social, and cultural changes the Industrial Revolution brought, for better and worse, through these technological innovations.
Congress of vienna 2017
The Congress of Vienna was a peace conference held in 1814 between various European powers including Russia, Prussia, Austria, Great Britain, and France. The goals of the Congress were to prevent further aggression from France, restore a balance of power so that no single country could dominate the others, and return legitimate royal families to their thrones. The Congress met to redraw the map of Europe and establish a new balance of power to maintain peace and stability on the continent.
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Les Misérables is set against the backdrop of 19th century French history. It begins during the French Revolution which overthrew the monarchy and established the First Republic in 1789. Napoleon later takes power and declares himself Emperor in 1804, ending the republic. After Napoleon's defeat in 1815, the Bourbon monarchy is restored under King Louis XVIII. Growing unrest leads to the July Revolution of 1830 which overthrows Charles X but does not establish a true republic. The story focuses on the June Rebellion of 1832 as revolutionaries try to overthrow the new monarch Louis-Philippe I.
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The document provides tips for preparing for and responding to terrorism and bomb threats. It advises being aware of your surroundings and exits, reporting suspicious activity to police, and knowing first aid and fire safety procedures. If a bomb threat occurs, it recommends getting information, notifying authorities, clearing the area by staying away from windows and doors, and leaving exits clear. It also lists signs of suspicious packages, such as unexpected delivery, strange odors or stains, and unusual weight or labeling.
Tear down this wall
The document discusses the end of the Cold War between the United States and Soviet Union. It describes Ronald Reagan's projection of American force abroad and support for anti-Soviet groups. Mikhail Gorbachev came to power in the Soviet Union and instituted reforms of "perestroika" and "glasnost", improving relations. However, the Soviet Union was experiencing economic difficulties and stagnation under aging leaders. Reagan's famous speech urged Gorbachev to "tear down this wall" in Berlin, and the Berlin Wall later fell as the Soviet Union spun beyond control, leading to its dissolution in 1991 and the end of the Cold War.
Vietnam cold war
Vietnam was a French colony that fought against Japanese occupation in WWII. It was divided into communist North Vietnam and democratic South Vietnam following the 1954 Geneva Accords. Ngo Dinh Diem became leader of South Vietnam but faced internal problems like Buddhist protests and government corruption. The US helped train South Vietnamese forces as North Vietnam received weapons from China and the Soviet Union and began insurgency into the South in 1957. The Vietnam War escalated under presidents Kennedy and Johnson as the US increased involvement to prevent a communist takeover of South Vietnam.
Korea cold war
The Cold War intensified after 1949 as China fell to communist rule under Mao Zedong, betraying American-Chinese relations. The Soviet Union further surprised the United States by acquiring atomic weapons earlier than expected. In 1950, North Korea, backed by the Soviet Union, invaded South Korea, which was under American influence. This started the Korean War and threatened to overrun the entire Korean peninsula until the United States intervened, leading to a costly three-year war that involved China on North Korea's side. The Korean War became a proxy conflict in the Cold War between communist and capitalist influences in North and South Korea respectively.
Cambodia
Under the rule of Pol Pot and the Khmer Rouge regime from 1975-1979 in Cambodia:
1) Pol Pot sought to create a racially pure utopian society and purge enemies of the state, killing an estimated 1/4 of the population through executions and forcing children as young as 12 into becoming killers.
2) Cities were emptied within a week as the population was exiled to work as peasant farmers, and those seen as "enemies" like people who wore glasses or owned books were often executed with farm tools.
3) The Khmer Rouge isolated Cambodia from the outside world, abolished money, private property and religion, and enforced total government control over daily life through collectivization and forced marriages.
4)
Road to pearl harbor and response
The document discusses the events leading up to the US entry into World War 2 after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. It describes Germany's blitzkrieg tactics in Europe, the Battle of Britain, and Japan's desire for natural resources that led them to launch a surprise attack at Pearl Harbor on December 7th, 1941 - a date that President FDR declared would live in infamy. It also mentions the internment of Japanese Americans during the war.
Battle of stalingrad
Hitler launched a disastrous attack on the city of Stalingrad in September 1942, hoping to capture it before winter set in. However, Hitler refused to allow troops to retreat or surrender, even as they became surrounded, under-supplied, and suffered heavy losses from the bitter cold and fierce Soviet resistance. By February 1943, over 290,000 German troops had been trapped and killed or forced to surrender, marking a major defeat that halted the German advance into Russia.
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The document summarizes the rise of the Nazi party in Germany following World War 1 and the actions taken under Hitler's leadership in the 1930s that violated the Treaty of Versailles and expanded German territory, setting the stage for World War 2. It describes the economic and social conditions after WWI that helped the Nazi party rise to power in Germany. It then outlines key events and policies of Hitler's regime such as rearmament of Germany, annexation of Austria and territories of Czechoslovakia, and the invasion of Poland in 1939 which triggered World War 2 after France and Britain declared war on Germany.
Japan pacific war endgame
This document summarizes key World War 2 battles between the United States and Japan in the Pacific, including the Battle of Midway which was a turning point, the brutal fighting on Iwo Jima, and the extensive casualties during the Battle of Okinawa involving kamikaze raids. It then discusses the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki with atomic weapons, the firebombing of Japanese cities, and the complexity of the decision to drop nuclear bombs, which ultimately led to Japan's surrender and ended the war.
D day 2014
Allied forces launched the massive D-Day invasion of Normandy on June 6, 1944 to liberate Europe from German occupation. Over 150,000 troops stormed five beaches in Normandy, facing resistance from entrenched German forces. The beaches of Omaha proved the bloodiest, with around 3,000 casualties, while Utah beach had lighter defenses and losses. By late August, Allied forces had broken out of Normandy and liberated Paris, and finally defeated the last German efforts with the Battle of the Bulge, leading to the defeat of Nazi Germany and liberation of Europe on VE Day, May 8, 1945.
End of ww2 and trials
The Tehran Conference of 1943 established that:
- The USA and Britain would open a second front against Germany to relieve pressure on the USSR
- The USSR would declare war on Japan once Germany was defeated.
The Yalta Conference of 1945 made plans for:
- Dividing Germany into occupied zones after the war
- Banning the Nazi party and trying war criminals in an international court
- Establishing the UN to replace the League of Nations.
The Potsdam Conference of 1945 further outlined:
- Dividing Germany into four zones administered by the USA, USSR, Britain and France with the goal of reunifying the country.
- Also dividing Berlin into four zones despite it lying
Propaganda fths
This document outlines various propaganda techniques such as spreading misinformation to help or harm groups, appealing to patriotism or religion to persuade audiences indirectly, scare tactics about potential dangers to push a call to action, associating opponents with negative images, appearing like an ordinary person to seem trustworthy, using celebrity endorsements to impress people and reduce critical thinking, and creating a bandwagon effect to make people feel like they need to join in. The key methods of propagandists are to catch attention, provide simple solutions, keep messages concise, and repeat slogans.
Life in the trenches
The document summarizes some of the harsh conditions faced by soldiers in the trenches during World War I. Life in the trenches was brutal, with soldiers facing constant bombardment from artillery, risk of death in raids across no man's land, and disease from rat infestations, lice, and trench foot caused by wet, unsanitary conditions. When not fighting at the front lines, soldiers endured long cycles rotating between the front, support, and reserve trenches, with little rest between.
Ww1 battle notes
The document summarizes the key participants and causes of World War 1. The major Allied powers were Great Britain, France, and Russia, while the Central powers were Germany and Austria-Hungary. The causes of WWI are summarized as militarism, alliances, nationalism, imperialism, and the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. Key battles discussed include the Battle of Marne, Battle of Somme, and the Battle of Verdun on the Western Front as well as the Battle of Tannenberg on the Eastern Front.
Franz ferdinand powerpoint
The document discusses the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary in Sarajevo by Gavrilo Princip on June 28, 1914. Princip, a Serbian nationalist, assassinated Ferdinand with a pistol. In response, Austria-Hungary attacked Serbia, leading Russia to mobilize its forces. Germany then declared war on France and Russia. This series of events set off a chain reaction that ultimately led to World War I. The document suggests Serbia and its nationalist organization, the Black Hand, were involved in planning Ferdinand's assassination.
Mania powerpoint
- The document discusses several factors that contributed to the outbreak of World War 1 in 1914, including militarism, alliances, nationalism, and imperialism.
- Militarism refers to countries aggressively increasing the size of their militaries to keep up with neighboring countries. The system of alliances between European powers also increased tensions as the interests of one allied country could draw other allied nations into conflict. Nationalist sentiments further raised tensions as countries desired to strengthen and expand their territories.
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The Russian Revolution: The Cycle
- 1. The Revolutionary WheelThe Revolutionary Wheel
- 2. 1. Revolution Strikes lead to uprising Soldiers join the workers The Tsar is forced to abdicate
- 3. 2. Unity while overthrowing old regime Provisional government is established
- 4. 3. Disunity and conflict over founding new regime Lenin and Bolsheviks seize power from provisional govt and take the Winter Palace Cheka established Civil War breaks out
- 5. 4.One set of revolutionaries4.One set of revolutionaries eliminates/persecutes otherseliminates/persecutes others Lenin dies—Trotsky and Stalin duel for power Stalin out maneuvers Trotsky and has him exiled (assassinated)
- 6. 5.Small, organized minority suppresses ALL5.Small, organized minority suppresses ALL opposition to defend or advanceopposition to defend or advance revolutionary causerevolutionary cause Stalin uses terror to suppress ALL opposition Persecutes original Bolsheviks Orthodox Church is targeted Stalin begins his “purges” Propaganda
- 7. 6. Revolutionaries suppressed or6. Revolutionaries suppressed or eliminated SCAPEGOATINGeliminated SCAPEGOATING Millions sent to labor camps or executed Show trials to legitimize the terror and imprisonment of citizens “comrades’ Intellectuals, military officers targeted
- 8. 7. Rise of Oppression Police state with few freedoms
- 9. 8. Reaction to revolution REVERSES8. Reaction to revolution REVERSES gains rise of DICTATORgains rise of DICTATOR Stalin and the Communist leadership rule with an iron fist Dictatorship is complete
- 10. 8. Reaction to revolution REVERSES8. Reaction to revolution REVERSES gains rise of DICTATORgains rise of DICTATOR Stalin and the Communist leadership rule with an iron fist Dictatorship is complete