Political developments in the Soviet Union following World War II saw Andrei Zhdanov promote strict conformity to the Communist Party line. However, fewer Communists were purged during this time compared to the Great Terror. The growth of the Cold War and conflict with the West led to increased nationalism in the Soviet Union. With Stalin growing frail and Zhdanov's death in 1948, other Communist leaders like Beria and Malenkov launched purges in Leningrad and Georgia to position themselves as Stalin's successor. Anti-Semitism also increased as several Russian Jews were executed for treason in fabricated cases.