Joseph Stalin was born in 1879 in Georgia and later became the leader of the Soviet Union. He rose to power by becoming the General Secretary of the Communist Party in 1922. As the leader, he industrialized and centralized Russia through five-year plans, but this caused disruption and the imprisonment of millions of people. Stalin transformed Russia from an agrarian society into an industrial power, but his methods were brutal and resulted in widespread death and famine. He ruled as dictator until his death in 1953, establishing a totalitarian regime through secret police and purges of potential rivals.