The document summarizes why Chinese hopes were bitterly disappointed by the Treaty of Versailles. It explains that China joined World War I on the side of the Allies and contributed labor support but its territory of Shandong was given to Japan instead of being restored to China as promised. This led to a rise in Chinese nationalism and shattered faith in Woodrow Wilson's ideals of self-determination. The Chinese delegation refused to sign the treaty, and violent protests broke out among Chinese immigrants in Paris, foreshadowing the nationalist sentiment that would emerge in China.