First there was iron, bronze and then steel... High Performance Alloys have revolutionised the ways Alloy Wire work. Featuring increased amounts of nickel and chrome, they are therefore more resistant to corrosive environments and extreme high temperatures. For industries such as aerospace, nuclear and others that operate in these challenging conditions, High Performance Alloys play a vital part in the process. This presentation offers insight into that vital role and the capabilities High Performance Alloys hold.

1. FIRST THERE WAS IRON, BRONZE AND THEN STEEL
The rise of the High
Performance Alloys

2. It begins with stainless steel:
what is it?
Iron + carbon are combined to
make steel. Adding alloying
elements like chromium + nickel
makes stainless steel.
Fe + C + Cr + Ni

3. What do the nickel
and chromium do?
They improve the corrosion
resistance compared to steel.

4. Then there were
‘High Performance
Alloys’

5. Ni
Cr
+
Mo + W +
Al + Co +
Ti + Mn +
Si Ta +
Nb
They have increased amounts
of chromium, nickel and
Exotic elements to work in
extreme environments.
So what are ‘High
Performance’ Alloys?

6. Why work with
‘High Performance’ Alloys?
They are resistant to
extreme environments,
such as exposure to
high temperature or
corrosive liquids and
gases.

7. In
Indium
114.818
49
Al
Aluminium
26.982
13
Sb
Antimony
121.760
51
P
Phosphorus
30.974
15
Cd
Cadmium
48 112.414
I
Iodine
53 126.904
S
Sulfur
16 32.06
K
Potassium
19 39.098
Ga
Gallium
69.723
31
B
Boron
5 10.81
Cu
Copper
29 63.546
Ni
Nickel
28 58.693
Ge
Germanium
72.630
32
C
Carbon
12.011
6
Zn
Zinc
30 65.38
Se
Selenium
34 78.971
Br
Bromine
35 79.904
Kr
Krypton
36 83.798
O
Oxygen
8 15.999
Ne
Neon
10 20.180
He
Helium
2 4.003
Au
Gold
79 196.967
Pb
Lead
207.2
82
Hg
Mercury
80 200.592
Po
Polonium
84 [209]
At
Astatine
85 [210]
Gd
Gadolinium
64 157.25
Er
Erbium
68 167.259
Eu
Europium
63 151.964
Tb
Terbium
65 158.925
Tm
Thulium
69 168.934
Ho
Holmium
67 164.930
Rg
Roentgenium
111 [280]
Mc
Moscovium
115 [289]
Ds
Darmstadtium
110 [281]
Fl
Flerovium
[289]
114
Cn
Copernicium
112 [285]
What makes them resistant to
corrosion and high temperatures?
Adding an element like molybdenum
(improves the alloy’s resistance to pitting corrosion)
Adding elements like titanium + aluminium
(improves the alloy’s strength at high temperatures)
the ratio of different elements within the alloy
create it’s characteristics.

8. Selecting
the right alloy
for the right
environment
INCONEL® 600 & 601
INCONEL® X-750
INCONEL® 718
NIMONIC® 90
NIMONIC® 80A
NIMONIC® 75
HAYNES 25 / L605
RENE 41
WASPALOY
INCOLOY® 800HT & A286
INCONEL® 625
MONEL® 400 & K500
HASTELLOY
INCOLOY® 825 & 800HT
PHYNOX (Elgiloy)
MP35N
DUPLEX 2205
ALLOY 20 CB3
High temperatures Corrosion resistant

9. Targeting the
right alloy for
the right
application

10. Marine
MONEL® 400
MONEL® K500
HASTELLOY C276
INCONEL® 625
Sour gas and oil fields
PHYNOX
MP35N
INCONEL® X-750
INCONEL® 718
Corrosive
HASTELLOY C4
HASTELLOY C276
HASTELLOY C2000
HASTELLOY B3
High temperature
INCOLOY® 800
INCOLOY® A286
Alloys and
example
environments

11. Example
applications
n
Springs in high temperature
aerospace engines.
n
Spiral seals in nuclear reactors,
aircraft engines and oil field pipes.
n
Wire mesh in chemical plants.
n
Mesh baskets and hooks inside
furnaces.

12. Springs
What is spring temper wire?
A specific amount of cold work given to
harden the wire during manufacture.
The amount of cold work is different for each
alloy and achieves a condition suitable for
spring forming. Additional ‘heat treatments’
can be used to further enhance the alloy’s
properties for particular environments.

13. n
STRESS RELIEVE: low temperature heating to remove
internal stresses in the wire after cold working e.g. after
coiling into a spring.
n
ANNEALING: high temperature softening of wire to
allow further cold work on the wire e.g. so the wire can
be drawn smaller.
n
AGE HARDENING: heat treatment to increase strength
of finished spring etc.
What is meant by
‘heat treatment?’

14. Ti
Al
+
When heat treated, the small
addition of elements like titanium
and aluminium form bonds that act
like the reinforcing bars in concrete.
This strengthens the wire.
What is age
hardened wire?

15. Wire for unusual applications...
n
Anti-galling
n
Heating
n
Glass
n
Watch springs

16. Anti-galling: wire rubbing
against another metal
NITRONIC 60
anti-galling Minimising the
friction between the
metal surfaces

17. NICKEL® 200 NICKEL® 212
are good conductors of
electricity and withstand high
temperature. Thus, used as a
connecting wire to an electric
heating element.
Cold leads

18. Controlled
expansion
NILO® 36 / NILO® 48 / NILO® K
have expansion rates to match
different types of glass. So they can
be used in contact with glass that is
getting hot e.g. electric valves.

19. Constant modulus of elasticity
NI-SPAN-C ALLOY 902®
Can be processed to have a constant modulus of
elasticity between temperatures -45 °C to +65 °C,
making it good for watch and weighing scale springs.

20. Electrical
resistance
wire

21. What is electrical
resistance wire?
A wire that resists the flow of
electricity and produces heat.

22. How does 80/20
NiCr work?
Electrical wire used at operating
temperatures up to 1200 °C (2200 °F).
It has good oxidation resistance, especially
under conditions of frequent switching
or wide temperature fluctuations,
making it ideal as a heating element.
P
e
r
f
o
r
m
i
n
g
u
p
t
o
1
2
0
0
°
C

23. What is 45/55
nickel-copper?
A nickel-copper alloy wire used mainly for its
medium range electrical resistivity and very
low temperature-coefficient of resistance.
Its electrical resistance doesn’t change
as the temperature rises.
This makes it good
for electric resistors

24. What is hot cutting wire?
Our‘High Strength’hot cutting wire range is
used for the cutting of polystyrene (EPS)/foam
and boasts an excellent track record for working
continuously on oscillating cutting frames.
Wire choice is made depending upon the strength,
ductility and corrosion resistance required of the wire.

25. Which alloys are used
for hot cutting?
RW 118, RW 122 RW 70
These alloys have high strength at elevated
temperatures and are used for cutting foam
polystyrene (EPS) and heat sealing polypropylene bags.
RW 41
Exceptional strength at elevated temperatures and is
the highest performing hot cutting wire we offer. It is
excellent at working continuously and on oscillating
cutting frames. To achieve the best cut, adjust the
temperature and cutting speed.

26. For more information on our wire and its capabilities, contact your local sales team
w alloywire.com e sales@alloywire.com