The document discusses the Renaissance in India and its key characteristics according to Sri Aurobindo. It describes three phases of the Renaissance: 1) reception of European influence which led to reconsideration of Indian culture, 2) a reaction to European influence through reaffirming Indian culture and spiritual ideas, and 3) a new phase of creation where Indian spiritual power shapes and takes possession of modern influences. Overall, the Renaissance in India was governed by a turn towards spiritual realization through philosophy, art, and politics while also adopting useful aspects of Western science and modern ideas.

1. The Renaissance in India
Sri Aurobindo
By Poojaba Jadeja
by Poojaba Jadeja

2. Introduction
• Renaissance in India is like Irish Celtic revival
• Chaotic and formless situations
• Bounds of past and bounds imposed from
outside
• Reasons for Decline
by Poojaba Jadeja

3. Decline of India
• reducing fire of life, disintegration, political
anarchy and inaction for creative spirit
• superimposed European culture
• 3 facts and phrases of the decline
– the great past of Indian culture and life with the
moment of inadaptive torpor into which it had lapsed,
– the first period of the Western contact in which it
seemed for a moment likely to perish by slow
decomposition, and
– The ascending movement which first broke into some
clarity of expression only a decade or two ago.
by Poojaba Jadeja

4. Soul of India
• Metaphysical bent of Indian mind
• Religious instinct and idealism
• Sense of Infinite
• Pride for ‘their’ everything
by Poojaba Jadeja

5. Spirituality
• Master key of the Indian mind
• Relation to supra-physical
• Invisible Power - governing universe
• Man has power of exceeding himself
• Beyond God- man’s ineffable eternity
• Intuition
• Sense of science and logical practicality
by Poojaba Jadeja

6. Energy and joy of life and creation
• Power of life and joy of life
• Prolific creativeness
• Stupendous vitality
• Opulent Past of India
• Creations in science, theologies, art etc.
by Poojaba Jadeja

7. Intellectuality
• Clear balance and design
• Order of arrangement
• Search for inner truth
• Dharma – rule of life
• Shastra – simpler formulation
• Intellectual labor (in form of shastra) in art,
science, theology everything…
by Poojaba Jadeja

8. Spirituality again
• Indian spirituality is not anti-intellectual,
impoverished
• Illusionistic denial of life
• Spiritual atheism
• Self-assertion of human spirit
• courageous intuition
• Human being as Godhead, Narayana
• Sense of intellectual, ethical and aesthetic
order (Satyam, Shivam, Sundaram)
by Poojaba Jadeja

9. Past ages of India
• Spiritual age
– Truth of existence of physical and psychic, through
intuitive mind and inner experience,
interpretation
• Age of Dharma, after Veda and Upnishada
– Intellect, ethical sense, will and action in the lustre
of spiritual truth
– Social formation, thought and phylosophy
by Poojaba Jadeja

10. • Classical age of Sanskrit
– Intellectuality into curiosity in scholarship,
science, art, literature, politics, sociology,
mundane life.
• Puranic, Tantric and Bhakti
– Lifting up of the lower life and an impressing upon
it of the values of the spirit.
• Vaishnavism
– Taking up of the aesthetic, emotional and
sensuous being into service of the spiritual.
– (last fine flower (age) of Indian spirit)
by Poojaba Jadeja

11. 3 movements of retrogression
• a sinking of that superabundant vital energy
and a fading of the joy of life and the joy of
creation.
• there is a rapid cessation of the old free
intellectual activity, a repetition of ill-
understood fragments of past knowledge.
Loosing their real sense and spirit.
• Diminution of the power of Indian spirituality
by Poojaba Jadeja

12. • Decline and European entry
• Opposite (westernize) civilization
• New efforts are imitative of foreign culture
• Crude impact of European life and culture gave 3
needed impulse
– Revived dormant intellectual and critical impulse
– Rehabilitated life and awakened desire for new
creation
– Put reviving Indian spirit with novel condition and
ideals.
• Out of these awakening vision and impulse Indian
renaissance is arising.
by Poojaba Jadeja

13. 3 steps for reformation
• Recovery of old spiritual knowledge
• Spirituality into new forms of art, philosophy,
science etc
• Original (Indian, spiritualized) dealing with
modern problems
by Poojaba Jadeja

14. The process of Renaissance
• The first step was the reception of the
European contact,
– a radical reconsideration of many of the
prominent elements and some revolutionary
denial of the very principles of the old culture.
by Poojaba Jadeja

15. First step continue…
• Westernized intellectuality, modernity and
civilization
• Free activity of intellect to subjects of human
and national interest.
• Originality
• It threw ferment of modern ideas into the old
culture
• Past with new eyes, reconsideration of ancient
culture
by Poojaba Jadeja

16. Second step
• A reaction of the Indian spirit upon the
European influence,
– sometimes with a total denial of what it offered
and a stressing both of the essential and the strict
letter of the national past.
– its way by an integral reaction, a vindication and
reacceptance of everything Indian as it stood and
because it was Indian.
– The works of Bankim Chandra Chatterji and Tagore
– Preservation by reconstruction by Vivekananda
by Poojaba Jadeja

17. Third step
• a process of new creation in which the
spiritual power of the Indian mind remains
supreme
– the ancient goddess, the Shakti of India mastering
and taking possession of the modern influence, no
longer possessed or overcome by it.
by Poojaba Jadeja

18. Great movements - renaissance
• Intellectual approach to spiritual realization
• Rationalistic and secularist religious
reformation
• Eternal motives of Indian religion Gnan,
Bhakti, Karma
• Reformation of Samajes – Brmho samaj, Arya
Samaj etc
by Poojaba Jadeja

19. Philosophy and Art
• Western impact
• Indian philosophy of spiritual experience
• Bengal and Art, Literature
• Bankim, Tagore, Ravi Varma
• English influence in Art, poetry
• Indian spirit and fresh forms
by Poojaba Jadeja

20. Indian philosophy of Spirituality
• Renaissance governed by spirituality
• Spirituality holds mind, body, life – important
as an instruments of spirit, means not aims
• Healthy fullness of mind, life, body
• Body too can be means for fulfilling the
Dharma which ends in discovery and
expression of the divine self in man
by Poojaba Jadeja

21. Western Philosophy and Indian
Spirituality
• Inquiry for the first truth of existence, with
reason and science (western philosophy)
• Example - Existentialism
• Indian spirituality – Truth of existence can be
found by intuition and inner experience
• Spiritual realization, growing of the human
being into divine self and divine nature
by Poojaba Jadeja

22. Spirituality in Art, poetry, politics…
• ‘The primitive aim of art and poetry is to
create images of man and nature which shall
satisfy the sense of beauty and embody
artificially the ideas of the intelligence about
life and the responses of the imagination to it;
but in a spiritual culture they become too in
their aim a revelation of greater things
concealed in man and Nature and of the
deepest spiritual and universal beauty.’
by Poojaba Jadeja

23. Spiritual aim in Art, poetry, politics…
1. A framework of life – man can seek and grow
into his real self
2. An increasing embodiment of the divine law
of being in life
3. A collective advance towards the light,
power, peace, harmony of the diviner nature
of humanity
by Poojaba Jadeja

24. Conclusion
• India should cast-off clothes of European
thoughts and life
• …Admit Western science, reason,
progressiveness, the essential modern ideas, but
on the basis of our own way of life and
assimilated to our spiritual aim and ideal
• India can best develop herself and serve
humanity by being herself and following the law
of her own nature
• Religion ruined India as we made ‘the whole of
life religion or religion the whole of life’
• Should edit excessive externalism of ceremony,
rule, routine, mechanical worshipby Poojaba Jadeja

25. “India has the key to the knowledge and conscious
application of the ideal; what was dark to her
before in its application, she can now, with a new
light, illumine; what was wrong and wry in her
old methods she can now rectify; the fences
which she created to protect the outer growth of
the spiritual ideal and which afterwards became
barriers to its expansion and farther application,
she can now break down and give her spirit a
freer field and an ampler flight: she can, if she
will, give a new and decisive turn to the problems
over which all mankind is laboring and stumbling,
for the clue to their solutions is there in her
ancient knowledge.”
by Poojaba Jadeja