Develop a Pre-Design Process Specifically for Green/ Sustainable Building Projects with A Goal to Provide Facilitation, Advice, Ideas, Research and Data to the Client for A Sustainable Project.

1. PROPOSED PROCESS OF BUILDING A GREEN PROJECT
&
MARIPOSA LAND POINT OF ENTRY PROJECT OVERVIEW
OCT. 2011, CSBA Program Green Project Advisors

2. Presentation
Proposed Process of Building a Green Project & Overview of
MLPE
 Si Djahedi - Process/ Envelope
 Nathan Williams - Site
 Tracy Black - MP&E

3. Project Overview - “Process is the Project”
 Project: Develop a Pre-Design Process Specifically for Green/ Sustainable Building
Projects.
The Project Team:
 Owner: United States General Services Administration (GSA).
 User: United States Customs/ Boarder Patrol (CBP) & ADOT.
 Contracted Development Team: Architects, Engineers, Project and Construction
Managers, etc.
 Green Project Advisors - Engineers, Architects & Planner.
 Goal: To provide facilitation, advice, ideas, research and data to the client for a
sustainable project.
The Project:
 $213 million modernization of the Mariposa LPOE. Consisting of 28 buildings
(350,000 sq. ft.) on 53-acre site.
 Mariposa LPOE is the 3rd busiest LPOE in the United States.

4. Traditional Method of Building a Project
1. FORM
2. FUNCTION
3. ECONOMY
4. TIME

5. Current Method of Building a Project
1. FORM
2. FUNCTION
3 . ECONOMY
4. TIME
5. SUSTAINABILITY !

6. Sustainable Building Project Advisor Process
 Stage 1 - Philosophy:
 1st Meeting (Online if possible): Approx. 2-3 hours with owner, and site user, to
develop the project philosophy.
 Stage 2 - Facilitation:
 2nd Meeting: Approx. 4 hour meeting with all key project stakeholders; Q&A
session to help refine project goals and needs.
 Stage 3 - Integration:
 3rd Meeting: Develop a detailed list of Owner’s Project Requirements (OPR);
addresses issues such as timing of project, user needs, site requirements and
building use and longevity.
 Stage 4 – To Establish POR & BOD:
 4th Meeting, etc.: Providing the owner’s, users and key stakeholders with the
research, data and details supporting the building design by the project team.
 Establish Performance Standards that comply with the Goals established at
Stage 1. To Develop a Green Program

7. Proposed Process of Building a Green Project
1. SUSTAINABILITY
2. FUNCTION
3. ECONOMY
4. FORM
5. TIME

8. Mariposa LPOE – Nogales, AZ

9. Site Overview
 Existing and Proposed Mariposa LPOE is located on AZ State Route 189:
Nogales, AZ
 Latitude - 31/26/40N; Longitude - 110/57/54W; Elevation approx 3,865 feet
 Nogales region maintains a semi-arid climate: typically less hot and a bit
rainier than a typical arid climate classification.
 Average annual precipitation approx19-inches total; (summer monsoon 8-
inches).
 Temperature Ranges:
 90’s high/60’s low (summer);
 60’s high/ 20’s-30’s low (winter).
 Site selection for the Mariposa LPOE was essentially required, as the site,
facility and majority of the infrastructure currently exists today

10. Aerial – Mariposa LPOE (Existing)

13. Site: Related Questions (For Owner/
User)
Pre-Design Process (Charette): Targeted questions ensuring customer gets what they
want and need. Identifies specific goals and metrics for a successful project, as
determined by the property owner and site user.
 To what degree is it important to be a sustainable site?
 How much money/ time/ resources are you willing to use to achieve this goal?
 What are the physical site constraints? Zoning regulations? Environmental
requirements, etc.?
 What are the physical attributes and features of the site?
 What natural features of the site or pre-existing site conditions are there, that we
want to protect or enhance?
 What is the Macro and Microclimate of the site?
 How can we design the site and building on the site to minimize the impact of the
development to the surrounding environment and habitat?
 What is the needed and desired longevity of the site/ building?
 What are the site maintenance resources that are available after build-out (money
and workers)?
 What most important things that site must provide to the building user?

14. Site Element:
Site Components Site Objectives
 Site Connectivity
 Site Hardscape
 Site Landscape
 Water & Energy
 Certify the Mariposa LPOE
Project as LEED Platinum
preferred, LEED Gold required.
Completed by 2014.
 Maximum energy independence
to the greatest extent possible:
Minimize the dependence of
energy (electricity and water) to
the site from offsite.
 Reduce the wait time for trucks
coming through the existing
facility from hours to minutes.
 Create a site that functions in an
efficient manner, allows for
flexibility of operations and does
not require vast amounts of
resources to maintain.

15. Site Connectivity
 Key Areas Based on Owner Goals
 Existing Site and Roadways - Reuse;
 Reduce Wait Times;
 Alternative Transportation; and
 Site Circulation and Traffic Movements – Efficient and Effective
 Objectives: LEED Credits
Avoid development of inappropriate sites and reduce the environmental impact from the location of a building on a
site.
 Selection of the site for the Mariposa LPOE was essentially required.
 Costs and environmental impact associated with creating a new site, and not reusing the existing site would have
not met LEED.
Alternative Transportation: Bicycle Storage and Changing Rooms - Reduce pollution and land development impacts
from automobiles.
 The Mariposa LPOE estimates that it will employ and have a population of approximately 1,311 people.
 Currently the Mariposa LPOE has provides no showers or bike racks for employees or the public. With the
proposed site improvements the designs will provide 10 showers as well as bike racks/ lockers (TBD).
Alternative Transportation: Provide preferred parking for low-emitting vehicles for 5% of the total vehicle parking
capacity of the site.
 The Mariposa LPOE estimates that it will require 448 vehicular parking spaces. Therefore, 14 spaces for alt.
vehicles required
 Separation of Vehicle Types (Cars vs. Commercial Trucks).

16. Mariposa LPOE (Current View) North
View

18. Site Hardscape & Materials
 Key Areas Based on Owner Goals
 Construction Waste Management;
 Use Photovoltaics;
 Mitigate Pavement - Heat Island Effect
 Objectives: LEED Credits
 Divert construction, demolition and land clearing debris from disposal in landfill.
 Requires that the project recycle and/ or salvage at least 50% of non-hazardous
construction materials and demolition debris. Example; all existing concrete on the
site has been crushed and reused.
 Reduce heat islands (thermal gradient differences between developed and
undeveloped areas).
 Strategies include 1) shade within 5 years of occupancy; 2) paving materials with a
Solar Reflectance Index (SRI) of at least 29.
 Tremendous amount of concrete throughout the site, which has a SRI (albedo) that
is automatically higher than 29 (Typical SRI 47).
 Utilize stabilized DG and pervious concrete as alternative materials, as these
materials have multiple functions and benefits for the site. Helping with stormwater
control and also reducing the amount of emittance.

21. Site Landscape
 Key Areas Based on Owner Goals
 Water Efficient Landscaping/ Rainwater Harvesting; and
 Stormwater Management/ Design
 Objectives & LEED Credits
 Desert location = concept of an oasis in the desert; with the main buildings
oriented around a center axis with lush garden of native plants in the
middle.
 Oasis Zone located in the center of the Mariposa LPOE facility.
 350,000 sq. ft. (new buildings) will cover only 15% of the actual 53-acre site
(exceeding LEED requirement); open space matching the building size for
areas of no zoning (campus/ military).
 Providing vegetated open space to exceed the open space requirement for
the site by 25%. Concern with this requirement; vegetative areas must be
maintained or preserved as open space areas for the life of the building.

22. Aerial: Site Landscaping

23. Mariposa
LPOE:
Circulation
Map

24. Site: Water & Energy
 Key Areas Based on Owner Goals
 Site Reuse;
 Site Design/ Building Orientation;
 Water Efficient Landscaping/ Rainwater Harvesting; and
 Stormwater Management/ Design
 Objectives: LEED Credits
 Limit or eliminate the use of potable water, or other natural surface or subsurface water resources
available on or near the project site, for landscape irrigation by 50%. 1 million gallons of
rainwater harvesting.
 Limit distribution of natural hydrology by: reduce impervious cover; increase infiltration; manage
storm water run-off.
 Reduce surface and ground water pollution by increasing infiltration; eliminating contaminants
and pollutants.

25. Envelope Element:
Envelope Components Envelope Objectives
 Building Footprint/
Massing
 Daylighting/ Views
 Wall Systems & Deck

26. Over Envelope
Envelope VS None
Envelope

27. At the Envelope:
Atmosphere
 Filter
 Regulator of energy transmission
 Limit of Gravity
 Limit of life and no life
 Protective shell transmission
 Limit of Gravity
 Protective envelope

28. Under the Envelope: Site Footprint & Massing
Energy Interaction with
Mass

29. Envelope: Building Footprint & Massing
Site Envelope Pre-existing
Site Envelope Existing

30. Superposition of Proposed Project over Existing Facility
Proposed Envelope
Impact on Site, Kevin
Lynch
 Block drainage
 Induced erosion
 Overturned soil horizons
 Plant and animal killed
 Human residents dispossessed
 New species introduced
 Hunters, litters or builder introduced
 Hillsides scarred
 Air and water polluted
 Exotic chemicals introduced

31. Envelope: Green Wall
 Genetically modified
lawn operate at low
humidity, 15% to 20%
 Engineered dirt 3”
 Geotextile Mesh
 2’ x 2’ x 4” deep
caisson
 Plywood
 Fastened to Structure

32. Natural Ventilation Module
 Operating condition:
 Temp. @ 65 F to 75 F
R.H. @ 20 % to 60%
 Air intake
 Motorized Louvers
 Air Filter
 Decorative Screen
 Motorized partition

33. Envelope Versus Site & Energy Management
 Small wetland, High R.H.
 Water Recovery System,
Production of water on
site
 Use of geothermal
 Natural ventilation
 Control of ambient
temperature by users
 Green roof, Green wall

34. MEP: Related Questions (For Owner/
User)
Charette Process: Targeted questions ensuring customer gets what they want and need.
Identifies specific goals and metrics for a successful project, as determined by the
property owner and site user.
 How much of the facility will need to operate without water and power for an
extended period of time?
 What is the expected lifetime of the facility?
 Is interchangeability a key priority for this facility?
 How much treatment do you want on site for captured water?
 How efficient is “efficient”; i.e. use the most efficient products commercially
available?

35. MEP Systems Element:
MEP Components MEP Objectives
 Renewable Energy
 HVAC Type
 Plumbing
 Electrical
 Minimum or no dependence
on outside utilities for Water &
Electricity.
 Plumbing fixtures that use
30% less water than EPA
1992 Standard.
 Refrigerant systems use Non-
CFC refrigerants; 134A, 405.
 No potable water use for
irrigation.
 Provide maximum Indoor
Environmental Quality.

36. MEP: Renewable Energy
 Key Areas Based on Owner Goals
 Enough renewable power to run all critical systems without Grid
Power.
 Ensure that any Grid power is purchased from established Green
power suppliers.
 Specify mechanical equipment that are highly efficient (“Energy
Star” or better), or that have as an option renewable power with grid
power as a backup.
 Evaluate design and possible locations for wind power.

37. Sample Photovoltaic Arrays

38. MEP: HVAC Type
 Reduce Loads on energy-using systems
 Use high efficiency (Energy Star or better) office equipment &
computers.
 Turn off equipment or use “Sleep Mode” to reduce internal load.
 Conditioning Systems use only CFC free refrigerants; low ODP,
GWP.
 Minimize heat gain/loss to space and ductwork.
 Size HVAC equipment and systems properly for load.
 Individual offices use thermal (VAV) register with night time setback.
 Provide Outside Air/Ventilation per ASHRAE 62.1-2004, w/ CO2
sensors.
 Optimize Occupant comfort
 Occupant comfort per ASHRAE 55-2004.
 Monitor CO2 levels to avoid the “stuffy” sensation.

39. MEP: HVAC Type

40. MEP: Plumbing
 Minimize Site Water consumption;
 Use Low Flow Fixtures for lavatories, showers, and water closets.
 Use waterless urinals w/o “throw-away” hardware.
 Rain Water Harvesting system for irrigation and water closets
(0.623 gal/sq. ft./in of rain).
 Collect and treat graywater for use in water closets and irrigation.

41. MEP: Plumbing
 HET Fixtures; Metering, Hands Free no batteries or AC power,
virtually no maintenance.
 These faucets (except metering) use either Solar Power or
Hydropower.

42. MEP: Electrical
 Reduce Electrical load/consumption;
 Use high efficiency lighting; LED, T8 or T5 (T5-4100K) for open
areas, Task lighting for individual personnel space (as required by
individual).
 All motors ≥1hp must have VFD (VSD) attached.
 Ambient light sensors to monitor light near windows.
 Individual offices will have combination (motion & wave) sensors to
ensure that lights are used only when needed.
 Overall BAS control system to control all individual area Temp.
(night time setback) & Lights.
 Outside lighting fitted with ambient sensors.
 Use LED outside where possible.

43. MEP: Electrical

44. Questions?
 It is wise to grow some passion for our
environment, after all this is a place in
which we all live.