The document discusses the passive voice and how it is used to change the grammatical subject and focus of a sentence. It provides examples of changing sentences from active to passive voice and discusses when the passive voice is commonly used, such as when the agent is unknown, unimportant, or obvious from context. It also covers "get" passives and double object verbs.

1. The
Passive
Voice

2. Martin Cooper made the
first mobile call .
The first mobile call was
made by Martin Cooper.
Active Voice Passive Voice

3. Martin Cooper made the first mobile phone call .
The first mobile phone call was made by Martin Cooper .
Subject
Subject
Active verb Object
Past Simple
Passive verb by + the agent
(object)Verb be
Past Simple
Past
Participle
+ +
+ +
Active Voice
Passive Voice

4. The passive Voice without a by phrase:
By +
the
agent
The agent is:
a vague entity- unknown
obvious
people in general
not important

5. The first mobile phone
was called “the brick”.
People called the first mobile
phone “the brick”.
Passive Voice
People in general

6. Her computer
has been hacked.
Someone has hacked her computer.
Vague- Unknown

7. The thief
was arrested.
Obvious
The police arrested the thief.

8. His mobile phone
couldn't be fixed.
They couldn't fix his mobile phone.
(by them) Vague

9. These mobile phones
aren’t produced any more.
The manufacturers don’t produce these
mobile phones any more.
Obvious

10. The first mobile
phone call was made
with this phone.
With

11. The first mobile
phone call was made
in New York City.

12. Technology changes
the world.
The world is changed
by technology
PRESENT SIMPLE

13. Technology is changing
the world.
The world is being
changed by technology.
PRESENT CONTINUOUS

14. Technology has changed
the world.
The world has been
changed by technology.
PRESENT PERFECT

15. Technology changed
the world.
The world was changed
by technology.
PAST SIMPLE

16. Technology will change
the world.
The world will be
changed by technology.
FUTURE SIMPLE

17. Technology can change
the world.
The world can be
changed by technology.
MODAL VERB CAN

18. The first mobile call
wasn’t made
by Leo Adams.
Subject
Verb to be
(negative)
Past Participle+ +
(by + the agent)
(object)
+
Negative form

19. Was the first mobile call
made by Martin Cooper?
Verb to be + Subject +
Past Participle (by + the agent)
(object)
+
Interrogative form

20. Double object verbs
tell
show
send
teach
buy give
promise
pay
offer write

21. My parents gave me
this tablet . Object 1
Object 2

22. This tablet was given
to me
by my parents.
My parents gave me
this tablet .
Object 2
Subject

23. I was given
this tablet
by my parents.
My parents gave me
this tablet . Object 1
(more usual)
Subject

24. A message was sent to
Mike.
Claire sent a message to Mike.
Object 1 Object 2
Subject

25. Mike was sent a
message.
Claire sent a message to Mike.
Subject
(more usual)
Object 1 Object 2

26. Pete gave some flowers to Joan.
Object 1 Object 2

27. Joan was given some
flowers.
Pete gave some flowers to Joan.
Subject
(more usual)
Object 1 Object 2

28. Some flowers were given
to Joan.
Pete gave some flowers to Joan.
Subject
Object 1 Object 2

29. GET
PASSIVES

30. My mobile phone
was stolen
at the airport.

31. My mobile phone
got stolen
at the airport.

32. His mobile phone
was broken.

33. His mobile phone
got broken.

34. Her computer
was hacked.got

35. When did they
get married?
get married

36. Have you ever
got lost
while travelling?
get lost

37. He took a shower
and got dressed.
get dressed

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