1. The Parts of Speech/Parts of a Sentence
Parts of Speech
Nouns are words that name persons, places, things, or ideas (examples of ideas are
fairness & honesty).
Pronouns take the place of nouns (I, me, mine, you, your, we, he, him, his, her, hers,
they, their, them, these, us, our, both, it, she)
Verbs are action or being words (Linking verbs or copulas or copulae are used to link
the subject of a sentence to the predicate, i.e. am, is, are, was, were, be, being, been,
seems, become)
Adverbs describe verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, and can answer the questions
“How?” “How often?” “When?” and “Where?” (Adverbs that answer the question
“How?” usually end in “ly,” i.e. easily).
Adjectives describe nouns and pronouns; they can tell color, size, shape, taste, odor,
texture, sound, number, and the weather.
Prepositions begin phrases that show relationships; they give info such as direction,
time, and place (under, above, at, from, on, with, about, to, across, after, against,
along, among, apart from, around, away, because of, before, between, beyond, by,
during, except, inside, instead of, into, near, of, off, onto, out, over, since, through,
toward, until)
Conjunctions connect words, phrases, or clauses (or, until, as, because, but, for, if)
Interjections express strong feelings (Oh! Wow! Hooray! Whoa! Yes! Ouch! Look!)
Parts of a Sentence
A sentence consists of a subject and a predicate (including a simple predicate or verb).
For example:
She walked by.
“She” is the subject in this sentence, while “walked by” is the predicate, and “walked”
is the simple predicate.