The document discusses the Osterberg Cell static loading test method for testing bored piles as an alternative to conventional static loading tests. It provides three key advantages: (1) It requires no overhead reaction system, making testing more economical and safe; (2) It separately measures side shear and end bearing load capacities; (3) It can test piles to near their ultimate capacities. The document describes the equipment, history, advantages, limitations and interpretation of Osterberg Cell test results.
Book for Beginners, RCC Design by ETABSYousuf Dinar
Advancement of softwares is main cause behind comparatively quick and simple
design while avoiding complexity and time consuming manual procedure. However
mistake or mislead could be happened during designing the structures because of not
knowing the proper procedure depending on the situation. Design book based on
manual or hand design is sometimes time consuming and could not be good aids with
softwares as several steps are shorten during finite element modeling. This book may
work as a general learning hand book which bridges the software and the manual
design properly. The writers of this book used linear static analysis under BNBC and
ACI code to generate a six story residential building which could withstand wind load
of 210 kmph and seismic event of that region. The building is assumed to be designed
in Dhaka, Bangladesh under RAJUK rules to get legality of that concern organization.
For easy and explained understanding the book chapters are oriented in 2 parts. Part A
is concern about modeling and analysis which completed in only one chapter. Part B
is organized with 8 chapters. From chapter 1 to 7 the writers designed the model
building and explained with references how to consider during design so that
creativity of readers could not be threated. Chapter 8 is dedicated for estimation. As a
whole the book will help the readers to experience a building construction related all
facts and how to progress in design. Although the volume I is limited to linear static
analysis, upcoming volume will eventually consider dynamic facts to perform
dynamic analysis. Implemented equations are organized in the appendix section for
easy memorizing.
BNBC and other codes are improving and expending day by day, by covering new
and improved information as civil engineering is a vast field to continue the research.
Before designing something or taking decision judge the contemporary codes and
choose data, equations, factors and coefficient from the updated one.
Book for Beginners series is basic learning book of YDAS outlines. Here only
rectangular grid system modeling and a particular model is shown. Round shape grid
is avoided to keep the study simple. No advanced analysis is described and it is kept
simple for beginners. Only two way slab is elaborated with direct design method,
avoiding other procedures. In case of beam, only flexural and shear designs are made.
T- Beam, L- Beam or other shapes are not shown as rectangular beam was enough for
this study. Bi-axial column and foundation design is not shown. During column and
foundation design only pure axial load is considered. Use of interaction diagram is not
shown in manual design. Load centered isolated and combined footing designs are
shown, avoiding eccentric loading conditions. Pile and pile cap design, Mat
foundation design, strap footing design and sand pile concept are not included in this
Part-I: Seismic Analysis/Design of Multi-storied RC Buildings using STAAD.Pro...Rahul Leslie
For novice, please continue from "Modelling Building Frame with STAAD.Pro & ETABS" (http://www.slideshare.net/rahulleslie/modelling-building-frame-with-staadpro-etabs-rahul-leslie).
This is a presentation covering almost all aspects of Seismic analysis & design of Multi-storied RC Structures using the Indian code IS:1893-2016 (New edition), with references to IS:13920-2015 (Code for ductile detailing) & IS:16700-2017 (code for design of tall buildings) where relevant; following for each aspect of the code, (1) The clause/formula (2) It's explanation/theory (3) How it is/can be implemented in the software packages of (i) STAAD.Pro and (ii) ETABS
This is the latest edition of the earlier slides based on IS:1893-2002 which this one supersedes. This is Part-I of a two part series.
The Manual explains the concept of transferring the load from the super structure up to the soil throughout Piles, which has a capacity of (End bearing, and Skin friction). It illustrates the steps needed to produce a full and safe foundation for your Super Structure.
Book for Beginners, RCC Design by ETABSYousuf Dinar
Advancement of softwares is main cause behind comparatively quick and simple
design while avoiding complexity and time consuming manual procedure. However
mistake or mislead could be happened during designing the structures because of not
knowing the proper procedure depending on the situation. Design book based on
manual or hand design is sometimes time consuming and could not be good aids with
softwares as several steps are shorten during finite element modeling. This book may
work as a general learning hand book which bridges the software and the manual
design properly. The writers of this book used linear static analysis under BNBC and
ACI code to generate a six story residential building which could withstand wind load
of 210 kmph and seismic event of that region. The building is assumed to be designed
in Dhaka, Bangladesh under RAJUK rules to get legality of that concern organization.
For easy and explained understanding the book chapters are oriented in 2 parts. Part A
is concern about modeling and analysis which completed in only one chapter. Part B
is organized with 8 chapters. From chapter 1 to 7 the writers designed the model
building and explained with references how to consider during design so that
creativity of readers could not be threated. Chapter 8 is dedicated for estimation. As a
whole the book will help the readers to experience a building construction related all
facts and how to progress in design. Although the volume I is limited to linear static
analysis, upcoming volume will eventually consider dynamic facts to perform
dynamic analysis. Implemented equations are organized in the appendix section for
easy memorizing.
BNBC and other codes are improving and expending day by day, by covering new
and improved information as civil engineering is a vast field to continue the research.
Before designing something or taking decision judge the contemporary codes and
choose data, equations, factors and coefficient from the updated one.
Book for Beginners series is basic learning book of YDAS outlines. Here only
rectangular grid system modeling and a particular model is shown. Round shape grid
is avoided to keep the study simple. No advanced analysis is described and it is kept
simple for beginners. Only two way slab is elaborated with direct design method,
avoiding other procedures. In case of beam, only flexural and shear designs are made.
T- Beam, L- Beam or other shapes are not shown as rectangular beam was enough for
this study. Bi-axial column and foundation design is not shown. During column and
foundation design only pure axial load is considered. Use of interaction diagram is not
shown in manual design. Load centered isolated and combined footing designs are
shown, avoiding eccentric loading conditions. Pile and pile cap design, Mat
foundation design, strap footing design and sand pile concept are not included in this
Part-I: Seismic Analysis/Design of Multi-storied RC Buildings using STAAD.Pro...Rahul Leslie
For novice, please continue from "Modelling Building Frame with STAAD.Pro & ETABS" (http://www.slideshare.net/rahulleslie/modelling-building-frame-with-staadpro-etabs-rahul-leslie).
This is a presentation covering almost all aspects of Seismic analysis & design of Multi-storied RC Structures using the Indian code IS:1893-2016 (New edition), with references to IS:13920-2015 (Code for ductile detailing) & IS:16700-2017 (code for design of tall buildings) where relevant; following for each aspect of the code, (1) The clause/formula (2) It's explanation/theory (3) How it is/can be implemented in the software packages of (i) STAAD.Pro and (ii) ETABS
This is the latest edition of the earlier slides based on IS:1893-2002 which this one supersedes. This is Part-I of a two part series.
The Manual explains the concept of transferring the load from the super structure up to the soil throughout Piles, which has a capacity of (End bearing, and Skin friction). It illustrates the steps needed to produce a full and safe foundation for your Super Structure.
The professional execution of a system analysis is an indispensable act when it comes to the professional construction of
pipe systems in plant engineering, and in many cases it is even demanded by law. The weyer group is in the position to
look back on many years of experience in the field of stress calculation for pipe systems. By means of a documented engineering
procedure which is strictly conforming to the law, an organizational fault with regard to plant safety and environmental
protection can be excluded at an early stage of the ongoing planning phase. For this purpose, state-of-the-art
software tools like CAESAR II, which is specifically tailored to execute pipe stress calculations, as well as various 3D-design
software tools will be deployed. The advantages of a system analysis are, among other things, lower capital costs and
reduced maintenance expenses, a safe operating of your plant and an optimized design of all joining pipes.
Giáo trình của bộ môn thí nghiệm và kiểm định công trình trường Đại học Xây dựng. Bài giảng do các thầy Hoàng Như Tầng, Lê Huy Như, Nguyễn Trung Hiếu, Nguyễn Thế Anh biên soạn
Design 101
http://goo.gl/wIql8w
Week 2
Machine Element Design New Approach
Course Objective
===============
This is a fundamental course to discuss the criteria of Mechanical Design for both machine elements design and product design .
The course will discuss the design as a process in making a lot of products by terms of manufacturing , sustainability and environmental aspects
The Course is online and free to all
Instructor
Mohamed Mostafa Adam
This course was presented by PED 2016
Production Engineering Department - Faculty of Engineering - Alexandria University - Egypt
Paper presentation offers new paradigm and changes existing perception for the batteries
Authors confirm that they were able to split chemical and electrical parts inside chemical battery thanks to matching parameters of digit currents and voltages
The main output of this split is full reduction of polarization part in internal resistance due to shift in electric neutrality. We would like to share some test results we have been doing for 5 years.
INDUSTRIAL SUMMER TRAINING (IST)
Introduction
Layout of Tbea energy (india) pvt ltd
Basics of transformer
Information flow diagram
Transformer manufacturing process
Testing of transformer
Main Unit & Trailer Packing Check
Dispatch
Conclusion
Design and development of horizontal tensile testing machine (5kN)Sajeed Mahaboob
In this project, a portable horizontal tensile testing system involving the use of a specially designed tensile specimen is proposed. The system developed was designed to convert the rotation motion of a ball screw into the linear motion of specimen grips that apply a tensile load to the specimen. The frame contains an aligned linear motion guide for the movement of the specimen grips, ensuring the co-linearity of the travel axes. One side of the specimen is connected to a ball-screw block and the other side is connected to a load-cell (which is static) to detect the load magnitude.
Sheet1Moisture content analysis final resultsGroupValue of m3 (g)A.docxbjohn46
Sheet1Moisture content analysis final resultsGroupValue of m3 (g)A21.459B25 kPa34.35950 kPa18.771C19.282D17.816E23.651F26.148GTBCH28.664
LEEDS BECKETT UNIVERSITY
CIVIL ENGINEERING
GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING: APPLICATION & THEORY (BEng)
Laboratory Experiment:
Undrained triaxial compression test (without pore water pressure measurement) BS
1377: Part 7: 1990.
Object of Experiment:
To determine the undrained shear strength of a soil using the triaxial compression test.
Theory/Apparatus:
The apparatus consists of a cell, which is filled with water under pressure; the
specimen is loaded vertically, via a proving ring to measure load.
Triaxial Cell
The vertical load on the specimen is increased until failure occurs, the vertical strain
being recorded at the same time using a dial gauge. The test is repeated on different
specimens from the same soil, using different values of cell pressure.
254
Stresses on specimen in Triaxial Cell
Cell Pressure Deviator Stress =P/A 1=3+P/A
1 = major principal stress
3 = minor principal stress
Therefore, P/A = (1-3) =Deviator stress
The deviator stress is the load on the specimen, P, divided by the cross sectional area
of the specimen. However, as the sample is compressed during the test, the cross
sectional area will increase. Therefore, in calculating the deviator stress an allowance
for the change in area must be considered.
For the calculation of deviator stress, it is assumed that the volume of the specimen
remains constant and that the sample will deform as a cylinder, e.g.
100%
o
X
Strain
L
1 3
P
Deviator stress
A
where P = vertical load, which is measured by a proving ring (kN)
A = Area calculated using the following method;
( ) )o o o oVolume V A L AL A L X
255
1
o o
o
V A
or A or A
L X
Method:
1. Extrude the sample from the tube and trim to size - soil sample of 38mm
diameter and 76mm long.
2. Sleeve the sample with the rubber membrane.
3. Put the sample on the pedestal at the bottom of the cell and seal with the
rubber ring. Place the loading cap on top of the sample and seal with rubber
ring, before securing top drainage tube.
4. Mount the cell over the sample and fill as per the
Flooding Triaxial Cell checklist.
5. Set-up the test with the Clisp Studio assistant, and complete the
Pressurising Triaxial Cell checklist before running the test stages.
6. When test stages are complete, end the test via Clip Studio and complete the
Draining Triaxial Cell checklist.
Results and Calculations:
• Sketch the failure mode of each sample.
• Calculate the moisture content of the soil as per Appendix A.
• Calculate the results as follows:
(i) For each sample tested:
• Find the failure strain (either the final value or.
"Fatigue testing of reinforced concrete beam instrumented with distributed op...TRUSS ITN
The use of fiber optic sensors on civil engineering structural health monitoring (SHM) applications have become quite popular for the past two decades. Within this type of sensors however, the study and use of Optical Backscatter Reflectometry (OBR) based Distributed Optical Fiber Sensors (DOFS) is relatively new. In this way, there is still some uncertainty that would allow the use of this technology in a more systematic and standardized way. Some of this uncertainty is related with the long-term reliability behavior of these sensors when applied on the monitoring of a structure under a large number of load cycles. In this way, the authors conducted a laboratory experiment where a reinforced concrete beam was instrumented with a DOFS that was adhered in a way to allow the measuring of strain on four different longitudinal segments on its bottom surface. A fatigue test was then conducted on this element where the inputted load range was the one expected on a standard highway bridge between its self-weight and the additional traffic load. Furthermore, each longitudinal segment of the DOFS was adhered to the concrete using a different adhesive in order to assess the optimal one in these conditions. The obtained data is then compared with strain gauges that are also instrumented on the concrete beam.
FEA AND EXPERIMENTAL QUASI-STATIC CRUSHING OF ALUMINIUM HONEYCOMB STRUCTUREVishal Mudka
The honeycomb is a typical cellular structure composed of metals, polymers, ceramics and paper which are commonly used as energy absorbing materials for various engineering applications such as, packaging, protective materials, core materials of sandwich panels, and building materials. A series of experiments were conducted on hexagonal aluminium honeycomb specimens in their principal loading direction i.e. Out-of-plane (along the direction of cell axis parallel to the thickness of specimen) as per the ASTM C-365 standards. In both the cases, load-displacement characteristics and the deformation mechanisms were studied in order to assess energy absorbing capacities. The study also focuses on the crushing behavior of honeycomb under the above loading configuration. This experimental results are compared with FEA using Ls-Dyna and Hypermesh.
Finite element simulation using Ls-Dyna is carried out on aluminium honeycomb. A comparison of energy absorption capacities of this material obtained from the experiment simulation is made. The results obtained from the simulation of aluminium honeycomb are in good agreement with experimental results.
The UK Space Propulsion Innovation Award has been announced which aims to address capability gaps in the industry by posing a set of key challenges to academia and the supply chain, then forming new connections between groups to fill the technology needs. This competition offers a unique opportunity for researchers or potential suppliers to pitch ideas to the industry.
The summary of the propulsion challenges and the competition brief are now available on _connect: http://tinyurl.com/propulsionaward
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Water Industry Process Automation and Control Monthly - May 2024.pdf
The osterberg cell static loading test
1. The Osterberg Cell Static
Loading Test
Utilizing The Osterberg Cell for Loading test instead of Conventional
Static LoadingTest
12/12/2016 Alaa Mohamed Metwally 1
2. 1. Introduction
• The Osterberg Cell is a Sacrificial jack-like device which the Engineer can have
installed at the tip of a driven pile or on the reinforcement of a bored pile.
• The cell provides the static loading and requires no overhead frame or other
external reaction system.
• Hence, We can now statically test full-sized bored piles (also known as drilled
shafts, drilled piers or caissons) to near their ultimate capacity. Furthermore, we
can do it more conveniently, economically and safely than ever before as no
reaction system required like before.
• O Cell testing and bored pile have a beneficial, cooperative relationship or a
“Symbiosis”.
• Generally high capacity of bored piles, in combination with high cost of top load
system providing more than 10 MN, make conventional top load testing
impractical for routine testing.
12/12/2016 Alaa Mohamed Metwally 2
3. 1. Introduction
• The O Cell static load test method, providing high capacities at affordable costs,
has become an attractive alternative method for testing bored piles.
• At mid 1994 the U.S Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) found that
Engineers and Contractors considered the O Cell “the method of choice” and it’s
use had risen rapidly to about 65% of all bored pile testing, this trend has
continued and usage now exceed 90% not in the U.S only but all over the world.
12/12/2016 Alaa Mohamed Metwally 3
5. 2. Static load testing using O Cell
12/12/2016 Alaa Mohamed Metwally 5
Fig.
1
Pile
Steel Beam
P=F+Q
F
Q
Pile
F
Q
Expanding
O Cell at the
bottom of
the pile
Ground Level
Ground Level
Reaction System
at the top of pile
Q
6. 2. Static load testing using O Cell
• A Conventional test loads the bored pile in compression, at its tip, using an
overhead reaction system or dead load, side shear F and end bearing Q combine
to resist the top load P and Engineer can only separate this components
approximately by analysis of strain and compression measurements together
with modulus estimates.
• The O Cell also loads the pile in compression, but from its bottom. As the O Cell
expands, the end bearing Q provides reaction for the side shear F. and vice versa.
Until reaching the capacity of one of the two component or the O Cell reaches its
capacity. The vantage point here is that the test separate the side shear and end
bearing components.
• The O Cell test load placed at, or near, the bottom of the pile has twice testing
effectiveness of that same load placed at the top in a conventional test.
12/12/2016 Alaa Mohamed Metwally 6
8. 3. Equipment
• After construction of the shaft, the test operator connects an automatic pump to
the hydraulic lines that provides a pressure conduit to the cell, the load applied
by an O Cell is calibrated versus hydraulic pressure before installation and the
pressure applied to the cell is measured by a pressure transducer.
• Movement measured by electronic gages connected to a computerized
acquisition system.
• The total expansion of the cell is measured by (LVWDTs) Linear vibrating wire
transducers the lower part of which attached to bottom of the cell.
• A steel telltales attached to the bottom of the cell used to measure the upward
movement directly.
• Subtracting the upward movement from total expansion gives the desired
downward movement.
12/12/2016 Alaa Mohamed Metwally 8
10. 4. History of Osterberg Cell
• Dr. Jorje Osterberg, professor emeritus at Northwestern university. Developed
and patented test which now carries his name.
• The first experimental test pile was carried out in 1984, after this successful
prototype professorOsterberg works very closely to American Equipment and
Fabrication Corp. to evolve his cell from a bellows type expansion cell to the
current design, very similar to piston type jack used in conventional test, but the
piston extends downward not upward.
• Haley & Aldrich was the first to use O Cell in practical application in 1987, to
driven piles one over a river in Massachusetts and the other on a bridge which
reaches 1.26 and 4 MN respectively.
• Now Osterberg cell has steadily gained popularity all over the world for testing
bored piles.
12/12/2016 Alaa Mohamed Metwally 10
11. 5. Advantages of O Cell
• Economy.
• reduced construction time, saving in outlay capital, no top-of-pile reaction equipment required
and less test design efforts, making the test cost from
1
3
to
2
3
the conventional test.The
comparative cost reduces as the load increases.
• High Load capacity.
• Shear/Bearing Component
• The cell automatically separates the side shear and end bearing components, despite of
conventional test which gives the total capacity at a time
• Improved safety.
• The test energy lies deeply buried and no overhead load at the top of pile.
• Rocket Socket.
• The cell loaded at the bottom of the socket, near its bottom and gives an automated separation
of components
12/12/2016 Alaa Mohamed Metwally 11
12. 5. Advantages of O Cell
• Reduced work area.
• A 65 MN O Cell test, conducted in a 3 meter wide median strip of a busy interstate highway,
which seems impossible when using conventional test as a big area needed for the reaction
system or equipment and kentledge system.
• Over water and battered shafts.
• Static creep and setup effects.
• Because the test is static the test load at any length of time can be estimated, the Engineers
also can obtain separate data about creep behavior for the two components.
• Sequential testing.
• A long term stage tests with minimal efforts can be made for research purposes or other to
obtain “aging” for example, been a unique advantage of O Cell test
12/12/2016 Alaa Mohamed Metwally 12
13. 6. Limitations
• Advance installation required.
• In bored piles and most driven piles, the O Cell must be installed prior construction.
• Balanced component requirement.
• As the cell reaches the ultimate capacity in only one of its components, and shaft capacity limited
to two times the capacity of component reaching ultimate, The Engineer should first analyze the
expected side shear and end bearing components and either attempt to balance the two to get
the most information from both.
• The introduction of multilevel cell mitigates this limitation, and allow calculating ultimate side
shear and end bearing in cases where bearing less than the side shear.
• Equivalent top load curve.
• Although the estimation of equivalent top load curve is conservatism, it remains estimate.
• Sacrificial cell.
• Cell considered expandable and not recovered after the test completed. However, grouting the
tested pile allows using it as a permanent foundation pile.
• Not suitable for certain types of piles.
• H pile and sheet piles.
12/12/2016 Alaa Mohamed Metwally 13
14. 7. Test results
12/12/2016 Alaa Mohamed Metwally 14
Sand and
gravel
shell
8.2
19.2
5.8
2.4
River
18.9
Hydraulic
supply &
telltale casing
35.7 -25
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
20
0 10 20 30
UpwordandDownwordMovement
(mm)
Load (MN)
Osterberg Load-Movement Curve
Purpose: To determine bearing capacity of the drilled shaft supporting a
bridge pier.
Method: Shafts drilled with polymer drilling slurry, 1.9 O.D. casing set on
top of shale and 1.8 m hole drilled 5.8 m into shale 864mm load cell with 1.7
m diameter plate welded to bottom lowered into the hole. Pumped
concrete placed to design top elevation of shaft.
Results: Load reaches capacity of device at 34.56 mm downward and 7.62
mm upward movement, the ultimate capacity was greater than 54 MN.
O-CellTest on a rock socketed bored
pile
16. 8. Interpretation of test results.
• The Osterberg cell loads the test pile in compression similar to a conventional
top load test, and hence the data form o cell is analyzed in much the same way
of conventional test.
• The only significant difference between the two tests is that the o cell provides
two load-movement curves, one for side shear and one for end bearing.
• Combined bearing capacity of the two components obtained as follow:
• Select an arbitrary point on the load movement curve, and determine the side shear.
• Determine the end bearing for the same point.
• From the upper two value we construct a point on “Top Load-Movement curve”.
• Repeat the process for multiple points and construct the curve.
12/12/2016 Alaa Mohamed Metwally 16
17. 9. References
1. John H.Shmertmann & johnA. Hayes “The Osterberg cell and bored pile
testing- a symbiosis".TheThird International Geotechnical Engineering
Conference-Cairo University, 5-8 Jan 1997.
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fDJVpe37_Qg
3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=afKrgdJf2k4&spfreload=10
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18. Presented By
Student at Nile Academy for Science and Technology
Code: 130326
Due date: 9-12-2016
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