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The New Testament Is Not An Easy Thing
Being an outsider in any faction of life is never an easy thing. When you are someone trying to fit into a life that isn't yours it seems different and
sometimes scary. People in the group look at you differently for thinking different than them but you also look at them differently for making their
own thoughts. Seeing as the Christians in Philippi were persecuted for thinking different; they had a letter to help them try and deal with the
persecution I know it doesn't change things. Transitioning through the process of being an outsider isn't an easy task, if only there was guide lines or
letter to help people like there was in Philippians. The New Testament is made up of 27 books, 21 out of the 27 books are letters. When epistles were...
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When thinking about who Philippians was written for, it's simple and obvious, even more obvious than who the author is. The title of the Epistle is
"Philippians" after the city of Philippi. This Epistle was written to the Christians that were living in Philippi and to the Church. "Paul writes a
thank–you note to the believers at Philippi for their help in his hour of need, and he uses the occasion to send along some instructions on Christian
unity" This Epistle was not only written to the Christians in Philippi but more specifically was written to the church that was founded by Paul. When
reading the quote "It is clear that Paul wanted the church to know how things were going for him in his imprisonment" , you get the idea that Paul
wrote to the church. Now this may not be nor will it ever be 100% proven it is clearly visible this is the case.
Philippi being a Roman colony doesn't mean that all the residing citizens were Roman. "the inhabitants were undoubtedly proud to be Romans, with
all the rights and privileges afforded Roman citizens" . Philippi being the Roman colony that it is; it would be safe to say there were very few Jews
living there. Paul had met the Jews residing in the city and while doing so Paul met Lydia. With Lydia's help the very first church of Europe was
erected. "With the support of Lydia and other local converts, Paul
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Biblical worldview essay
Tim Brooks
BIBL 104–12D LUO
L26270480
Biblical Worldview Essay
Introduction In Paul's epistle to the Romans he gives us the foundation of Christian life in regards to how we should not only see the world, but also
how we should act in a world that rejects the gospel of Christ. In Romans 1–8 Paul teaches us how we are not able to come to a saving grace through
our works, but that it must come from Christ alone, and not only to the Jews, but to the Gentiles also. Paul tells us however, that this will not be easy,
but we that we need to remember who is ultimately in control of everything around us.
The Natural World Paul makes it clear that the world was created by God and that we are without excuse if we choose to deny that. Romans... Show
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What we could not do for ourselves Jesus went to the cross to do for us.
Human Relationships Our relationships with other people give a strong sense of what our relationship with God is like. How we interact with people
on a daily basis and the relationships that we build goes a long way in showing just how we feel about them. In Romans 1:10 we see that Paul wanted
desperately to come to Rome to teach, to interact, to fellowship, and build relationships with the Christians that were there. Just as God wants a
personal relationship with His creation we all feel a deep need for relationships with each other. It was not meant for man to go through life on his own
without being able to interact with each other. We see the genuinelove that Paul displayed toward the people and churches throughout his epistles and it
should make us want to have an even stronger relationship with our Creator.
Culture
We've heard it said before that we are products of our environment or culture. The culture of Rome in biblical times was much like the culture of a
large city today. They had not only accepted the wicked lifestyles that were being practiced, but they were also approving the practice of such things
(Rom 1:32). We can see a lot of the same things going on in our time and our world that was going on in Rome when Paul wrote thisepistle. We are
quickly heading down a path towards the same destruction
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Informative Speech On Romans
Introduction/Thesis: "People have called the apostle Paul's great epistle to the Romans "the most profound work in existence" (Samuel Coleridge)."1
Imagine the great challenge the Apostle Paul faced to preach the Gospel and the relationship between Jews and Gentiles. During the times that
Romans was written, Rome was the epicenter of the ancient world and contained a myriad of subcultures. One of the more recognizable verses in
Romans; "For I am not ashamed of the gospel, because it is God's power for salvation to everyone who believes, first to the Jew, and also to the
Greek" (Romans 1:16), proves Paul's devotion his mission that everyone preach the Gospel to everyone who believes throughout the world.
The Natural World: Romans was written in Corinth during the Winter of AD 56/57 at the conclusion of his third journey.2 Romans was written to
the people of Rome as dictated in Romans 1:7 "To all that are in Rome, beloved of God, called to be saints: Grace to you and peace from God our
Father and the Lord Jesus Christ," and Romans 1:15 "So, as much as in me is, I am ready to preach the gospel to you also that are in Rome." As
aforementioned, Rome was the largest and most important city of the world with a multifaceted cultural makeup, consisting of both Jews and Gentiles
and a large percentage of slaves. 3 More so, the natural world at that time was filled with Pagans, whom rejected the knowledge and glory of God, and
Moralists that had their own set of standards, which
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The Book of Ephesians is an Epistle Written by Paul
Bible Dictionary Project
Book
The book of Ephesians is an epistle written by Paul to the church in Ephesus. It takes the form of a letter aimed at addressing the Christian
congregation. Paul wrote the letter, along with several other epistles, while incarcerated in a Roman prison. With the assistance of Tychicus, Paul
sent his letter to Ephesus, the capital of lesser Asia (Weber, 2000). Paul's letter aims to expound on the critical role played by the church as a
constituent of God's plans. The church is presented as furthering God's eternal purpose, with Christ as its head. With its comprehensive and insightful
analysis, Ephesians offers further discourse on issues pertaining to Christ's church as explained in other epistles. From Ephesians, Christians are also
able to comprehend the dimensions of God's grace. The epistle examines the greatness of God's love, highlighting the privilege of a spiritual rebirth
made possible by God's grace (Weber, 2000). Paul also warns the Ephesus Christians against the false doctrines and misleading philosophy prevalent in
Ephesus at the time (Ephesians 4:14 New International Version). Ephesians establishes the church's place as a critical component in God's divine plan
and offers lessons on the workings of salvation and grace.
Person
Born in 6AD, John was an apostle and evangelist who authored the gospel of John, the three epistles of John as well as the Revelation according to
John. As one of Christ's 12 disciples, John extensively
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Louis Berkof
Introduction of the New Testament Summary of introduction to the new testament Louis Berkof by systematically addressing the origin of the Gospel
and the Epistles of the New Testament, their content, characteristics, authorship, composition, and canonical significance, Takes on the difficult
undertaking of ensuring that the New Testament is accurately understood within what he perceives is the correct historical setting. Berkhof primarily
intended this book for his students at Calvin Theological Seminary where he taught for nearly 30 years. Introduction to the New Testament incorporates
the research and labors of many past scholars, and church Fathers, and presents it in such a way as to make "Introduction to the New Testament" a
diverse... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In defending his point against those that deny that the gospel written by inspiration of God, Berkhof flagrantly proclaims, "Over against this position
we hold that the Gospels were written by men who were inspired by the Holy Spirit, and that they are therefore absolutely trustworthy and authoritative
accounts of the life of our Lord." To defend his position Berkhof list but a few passages from scriptures that support his position. As for those that admit
the inspiration of the Old Testament Prophets, but deny that the Apostles were inspired because they did not use the expression "Thus Saith the Lord"
or did not observe the characteristic phenomena that accompanied the inspiration of the prophets, Berkhof gives three points in distinguishing the
inspiration of the prophets from the inspiration of the Apostles. o In the Old Testament the Holy Spirit took possession of the Prophets sometime
suppressing their personality, while in the New Testament the Holy Spirit aboded in the Church and first the Apostle using them as instruments to
produce His revelation. o For the Old Testament Prophets the Holy Spirit was an external Power that impelled them to prophesy. While
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Who Is Paul's Epistle To The Romans
An Analysis of Paul, Epistle to the Romans Time and time again people put the faith of others into question. Forever, people have debated what
belief is real and which belief is not, what is righteous and what is not, which god exists among all or ceases to exist at all. Even though religion is
doubted continuously, those with a firm belief in god persist and conquer all quarrels that face them in their devotion to the lord, and we see an
example of this commitment in Paul's Epistle to the Romans. Paul's letter to the Romans dates back to the time between 55 and 56 C.E., during the
earlier part of Christian persecution in Rome. Paul wrote the letters after his conversion to Christianity in 35 C.E. Paul was converted because of a
revelation
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Reflection Of The Catholic Church
The Roman Catholic Church was the largest Christian church, with more than 1.25 billion members worldwide. One of the oldest religious institutions
in the world, it has played a prominent role in the history of Western civilization. Headed by the Bishop of Rome, known as the Pope, its doctrines are
summarized in the Nicene Creed. One the one hand, the Catholic Church was also distinguished by its celebration of the seven sacraments. They are the
Baptism, the First communion, the sacrament of the Forgiveness, the declaration of principles, the sacrament of Confirmation, the sacrament of the
sick, the sacrament of the Marriage. Also, the Roman Catholic Church provided many basic religious beliefs. The ones shared by the other Christians
as resulting from the New Testament and formulated in the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Actually, Become a priest, he studied and taught the theology and eventually questions about the divine favor and the ways to reach the eternal life
or heaven. By studying the epistle to Romains de St Paul, he is struck by the sentence "The just man will live by the faith ". By this revelation, he
acquired the conviction that the Man can be saved only by his faith and not by his good deeds. He noticed that the hierarchy inside the Church was
useless; he did not need intermediary between God and the people because they are all equals. The papacy is thus questioned. So, further to the affair
of the Indulgences where the Pope sold "young" papers for the repurchase of the sins of the believers to renovate the basilica St Pierre of Rome,
Luther parts definitively from the Roman Catholic Church. More important was his works on Paul's epistles and his obsession of the salute. Luther
said to himself that the man would have to accept his sinner's state and that he was inevitably imperfect in front of
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Saint Paul, Epistle to the Romans
Saint Paul, Epistle to the Romans
Christianity is a religion that has overcome a lot of adversity in the last couple decades. Through the use of early disciples preaching the word of God
and with scripture, the beliefs of Christian faith can be understood. The earliest Christian sources do not come from the gospels, but from Paul's
epistles regarding the Christian communities. Paul, or Saul his Hebrew name, was born an Israelite in Tarsus and became one of the most influential
followers. Prior to his dramatic conversion to Christianity, Paul was a member of the Jewish elite of the eastern Mediterranean. While seeking to have
Christians bound, a striking revelation of Christ's appearance occurred while traveling to Damascus in Sryria. God ... Show more content on
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Men and women have reached out and accepted what Paul has said in this epistle. The people fully believe what Paul revealed to them in this
letter, and that God has transformed their lives because of their faith. "Live in harmony with one another; do not be haughty, but associate with the
lowly; never be conceited." (Andrea). If the people obey the words of the Lord, the glory and grace of God shall save them. With the acceptance of
the spirit living within, God is able to assure his people with eternal life. "Follow the spirit of God, do what he instructs you, have everlasting faith
in Him, and He will fulfill his promise to the people." (Weber). God says, "You shall love your neighbor as yourself," since there in no wrong in this,
love therefore is fulfilling the Law in every way possible.
In the early church, Jewish Christians and Gentile Christians sometimes disagreed about what made a person acceptable to God and how the
followers of Christ should live. In Romans, Paul boldly announces that the good news is "God's powerful way of saving all people who have faith,
whether they are Jews or Gentiles." (Weber) The Epistle to the Romans served as a plan to instruct Christians of their faith. The Epistle was "the most
fully articulated expression of Paul's theology of salvation." (Andrea). With Paul being one of the most
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St Paul: A Hellenistic Jew
A Hellenistic Jew, St Paul is known worldwide as one of the earliest Christian missionaries, along with Saint Peter and James the Just. He was also
known as Paul the Apostle, the Apostle Paul and the Paul of Tarsus. However, he preferred to call himself 'Apostle to the Gentiles'. Paul had a broad
outlook and was perhaps endowed as the most brilliant person to carry Christianity to varied lands, such as Cyprus, Asia Minor (modern Turkey),
mainland Greece, Crete and Rome. St Paul's efforts to accept gentile converts and make Torah unnecessary for salvation was a successful task.
Childhood
Paul was born in Tarsus, in 10 AD, and was originally named Saul. Raised as a pharisaical Jew, he, in his initial years, even persecuted Christians,
taking part in the stoning of St. Stephen, the first Christian martyr. Being ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Thereafter, he headed towards Ephesus, an important center for early Christianity since the 50s (AD). The next 2 years of Paul's life were spent in
Ephesus, working with the congregation and organizing missionary activity into hinterlands. However, he was forced to leave on account of several
disturbances and imprisonment. Paul's next destination was Macedonia, where he went before going to Corinth. After residing in Corinth for three
months, he made a final visit to Jerusalem. Arrest & Death
In 57 AD, Paul arrived in Jerusalem with money for the congregation. Though reports state that the church welcomed Paul gladly, James had given
a proposal that led to his arrest. Retained as a prisoner for two years, Paul had his case reopened when a new governor came into power. Since he
appealed as a Roman citizen, Paul was sent to Rome for trial, by the Caesar. However, on the way, he was shipwrecked. It was during this time that he
met St. Publius and the islanders, who showered kindness on him. When Paul reached Rome, in AD 60, he spent two years under house arrest, after
which he died.
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The Influence of Paul the Apostle
Paul the Apostle is considered to be the most influential of the early members of the Christian church, along with Simon Peter and James the Just.
Saint Paul is said to have been born around AD 5, and considered to have died about AD67, though the Bible does not record his death specifically.
The epistles written by Paul to the churches were plainly and sharply worded. Paul's writings make up a good portion of the New Testament and
demonstrate his position of prominence as an apostle of the early Church. Saint Paul was a significant contributor to the spreading of the Gospel
through the early Christian communities, particularly through his Epistles, that were established across the Roman Empire. Paul's letters make up
some of the earliest of Christian documents and, as such, they are a window into early Christianity, with all of its controversies and unpolished beliefs.
The authoritative rule of the New Testament is considered to derive from Saint Paul's works Before his conversion, Paul used the name Saul and he
was engaged in the persecution of Jesus' early disciples in the area around Jerusalem. In the book of Acts, the narrative tells about Saul traveling from
Jerusalem to Damascus when he encountered the resurrected Jesus in a great light that blinded him for three days, until Ananias of Damascus restored
his sight. Following that powerful experience, Paul began his preaching about Jesus of Nazareth as the Son of God and the Jewish Messiah. Saint
Paul's influence
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Date and Destination of Galations
Grace School of Theology NORTH OR SOUTH: Destination and Date of Galatians A Paper Submitted to Gregory P. Sapaugh, Th.M. Ph.D In Partial
Fulfillment of the Requirements of RS–503: Research Methods, Writing, and Technology by William (Brant) Wallace Houston, Texas February 25,
2015 Contents Introduction 1 General Debate 1 Geography of Galatia 2 Diversity and Strategy 2 Advantage for Missional Activities 3 The North 3
Evidence for the Northern Theory 4 History 4 Biblical Reference 4 Character 5 The South 5 Evidence for the Southern Theory 6 Establishment of
Churches 6 Inclusion of Galatian Churches 6 Judaizing Controversy 7 The... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Given its vast size and thenorthern territory, known as Galatia proper; and, (2) the southern cities of Lycaonia, Pisidia, and Phrygia.10 Chapters 13
and 14 of the book of Acts indicate that Paul traveled within the southern cities of Galatia on his first missionary journey.11 Although there is no
explicit mention of Paul visiting the northern territory, some believe that Acts 16:6 and 18:23 provide clear indications that Paul was in the North not
the South. 12 The North Many believe that the letter of Galatians was written to those who lived in the northern territory of Galatia. Although this
view was once the predominant view, there are three problems with the northern theory: 1. Testament. 2. Very little is known of recipients and
churches in the North. 3. The conditions of North were more dangerous and strenuous than that of the South. 10 F. F. Bruce, "Galatian Problems. 2.
North or South Galatians?" Bulletin of the John Rylands Library, no. 52 (Spring 1972): 243. 11 12 Ibid., 244. William M. Ramsay, The Church in the
Roman Empire Before A.D. 170, 3rd ed. (London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1894), 78. пѓ¬ Despite these problems, there is evidence to support the
northern theory.13 Evidence for the Northern Theory Evidence for the northern theory fall into the categories of history, biblical
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Journal Article Critique Of John G ' Pauline Cosmic...
LIBERTY UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF DIVINITY
Journal Article Critique of
Gibbs, John G. "Pauline Cosmic Christology and Ecological Crisis." Journal of Biblical Literature (December 1971): 466–479.
Submitted to Dr. Michael Chiavone, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the completion of
THEO 510–D01
Survey of Theology
by
Todd Bush
November 6, 2016
Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................3
Brief Summary..................................................................................................3
Critical Interaction.............................................................................................4
Conclusion......................................................................................................5
Selected Bibliography...................................................................................................7
Introduction
The redemptive doors that Jesus Christ opens and gives us as a fallen creation are crucial toward who He is. The sacrifice upon the cross is critical
to our association with Jesus Christ. Overlooking the installment of sins upon the cross, Jesus Christ still holds lordship over the universe. Jesus
Christ is still God regardless of the possibility that we tend to overlook it. It is His qualities of affectionate love that gives, which allows us the
chance to have communion with Him. The motivation behind this study is to interface with John G. Gibbs, and his journal article Pauline Cosmic
Christology and Ecological Crisis with an end goal to see how Paul 's profound comprehension of the cosmetics of Christ ought to change the way we
tend to think in regards to His power and majestic might above all.
Brief Summary
Gibb 's
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The Historical And Cultural Context Of The Book Of Philemon
In order to better comprehend the concepts depicted in the book of Philemon it is important to gain an understanding of its historical and cultural
context. Philemon was written by the Apostle Paul in approximately 60– 62 A.D while he was imprisoned in Rome. The letter was written to his
friend, Philemon, who lived in the city of Colossae. Colossae was once a city of Phrygia, but in the time of the New Testament was part of the
Roman province of Asia. In its earlier days, this city was an important location for several historical events. As a matter of fact, "Xerxes, on his
march to Sardes, B.C. 481, reached Colossae after leaving Anaua. [ANAUA] The younger Cyrus, on his march from Sardes towards the Euphrates,
B.C. 401, passed through Colossae. He crossed the Maeander, and after a march through Phrygia of 8 parasangs from the river, he came to
Colossae, a large and prosperous city" (bible history). Its location contributed to its success,having been place in the valley in which the Lycus River
conjoins with Maeander River (modern day Turkey), along with two other incredibly important cities: Laodicea and Hierapolis (pad field). This area
was relatively wealthy, and the land was fertile with an abundance of pastures that reared greats flocks of sheep. The chalk–like consistency of the
water in the Lycus River was suitable for the production of dyes. Subsequently, Colossae became the center of the wool industry and was well known
for its dyeing of woolen clothing. Due to the
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The Relationship Between Christians And The Roman Empire
The relationship between Christians and the Roman Empire is complicated to say the least. Before the summation of the primary sources begin there
must be a little background information provided. Rome was in power over a big portion of the Mediterranean region. A good portion of Christians
lived under Rome's rule. Rome was a very tolerant state when it came to religious flexibility. As long as you recognized the Roman God's then they
were tolerant with any other practices you decided to have. The Christians would not recognize the Roman God's and that caused great friction. There
are many primary sources historians have found on the relationship between the Christians and the Romans. The majority of the sources being used in
this summation are from the Documents of the Christian Church the fourth edition. Also three primary sources from the times of Constantine, the
emperor of Rome in the fourth century. The Romans start as thinking of the Christians as criminals, to being tolerant with them, to eventually they
embrace the Christian faith. According to the sources the Christians were hated by the people of Rome. According to a source, that was written by
Tacitus in 64 AD, they were " a class hated for their abominations, who are commonly called criminals......... an immense multitude was convicted, not
so much on the charge of arson as because of hatred of the human race." (Tacitus, Annales 1a). They were convicted of crimes due to the fact that the
Romans hated them. The
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New Testament Chapter 13
Summary of An Introduction to the New Testament Chapter One–Thinking About The Study of the New Testament The authors of the textbook intend
chapter one to be a baseline or at least a starting point for scholars that are possibly studying the New Testament for the first time. The stated "aim" of
the chapter is "to provide enough of a framework to make the rest of this textbook, and a lot of other books on the New Testament, a little easier to
understand." (23) Highlighted in the chapter are some of the more common criticisms used by scholars today (e.g., form criticism, redaction criticism,
textual criticism, and historical criticism, just to name a few), along with some of the key figures throughout history that have utilized such criticisms
to help shape scholarly study of the New Testament canon. Chapter... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Carson and Moo make the reader aware of the authorship dispute regarding Ephesians. They point to seven arguments that support the traditional view
that Paul wrote it. Likewise, they then draw attention to five argument used by modern scholars to deny Pauline authorship. After the controversies
surrounding authorship are covered Carson and Moo move on to another controversy. The section tiled "Destination" is where it is found. Modern
scholars argue several theories as to where Paul or whoever they claim the author to be, may have written the letter for. Once claim that has gained
traction over the years is that the letter was meant to be a circular letter–a letter circulated among churches. Another claim is that the letter was intended
for the Laodiceans, as Marcion thought. Even still, another theory suggests the letter was written as an introduction to all the other letters Paul wrote.
After the destination controversy is discussed Carson and Moo close the chapter with a brief discussion regarding Ephesians contribution to
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Paul's Letter To The Romans
The Epistle of Paul to the Romans is a letter of introduction to Christianity for the Jews and the Gentiles of Rome. The letter to the Romans is fairly
different than a number of other letters that had been written by Paul because this letter is not in response to situations or concerning events that's
going on in Rome, rather, it is a little more relaxed and informative. Paul gives to the Romans introductory and foundational information that appears
to be somewhat of a precursor for when he arrives and what his ministry will be when he gets to Rome. There are a variety of topics that Paul touched
on ranging from God's righteousness, salvation, spiritual growth, and sovereignty of God, which Paul addresses and makes it relatable to the gentiles.
The literary elements of Paul's epistle create a letter; the primary and uncontested author is Paul, a self–proclaimed apostle to the gentiles, teaches in
his letter about gentiles and Christianity. Paul's letter also focuses on the Jews role in Christianity, how without observing the law that they may still be
condemned. Paul uses the example of circumcision, and how it will only have value if that person follows the law, but if they break the law they will ...
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Paul makes this letter palatable, giving the people numerous examples from the Old Testament. He generally delivers a happy message, addressing
some major revelations such as the role of Abraham and how he is connected the people he is addressing in the letter. Relating all people to
Abraham is a very insightful interpretation, and it makes sense as well, this really emphasizes that God is there not just for the Jews, but also for all
people who have faith. The conclusion of the letter is upbeat with Paul telling how he has always wanted to go to Rome, which is indicative that he
will probably develop the concepts he has laid out in his
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Hebrew Epistle: The Hebrew Christians Living In Rome
The Hebrew epistle is addressed to the Hebrew Christians living in Rome (Jensen, 408, Heb. 5:11–12). The intense warnings contained in the epistle
indicate that the Hebrew Christians were in a backslidden state, in danger of apostatizing from Christ and returning to Judaism (Jensen, p. 408).
Specifically, the Hebrew Christians' faith, enthusiasm, and convictions were fading and they neglected prayer, public worship, and the Scriptures
(Heb. 3:6, Jensen, p. 408). The Hebrew epistle is addressed to the Hebrew Christians living in Rome (Jensen, 408, Heb. 5:11–12). The intense warnings
contained in the epistle indicate that the Hebrew Christians were in a backslidden state, in danger of apostatizing from Christ and returning to Judaism
(Jensen, p. 408). Specifically, the Hebrew Christians' faith, enthusiasm, and convictions were fading and they neglected prayer, public worship, and the
Scriptures (Heb. 3:6, Jensen, p. 408).
As a result, the Hebrew Christians conditions warranted the warning passages to teach them appropriate behavior and avoid violation. They were
informed of God's just recompense for sinning against Him (Jensen, p. 409). The Hebrew Christians were suffering with spiritual lethargy and
disobedience, so this ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Inspired by the Holy Spirit, Paul records in Romans 5:17–21 that by the offence and disobedience of one man (Adam) death reigned and many were
made sinners; therefore, judgment came to all humanity into condemnation,but much more they that receive the abundance of grace, and the gift of
righteousness shall reign in life by one: Jesus Christ. Jesus Christ's righteousness provided the free gift of justification of life to all humanity through
His obedience.The Law strengthened sin to abound, but where sin abounded, God's grace abounded even the more; so the results of sin is death, but
God's grace reigns through righteousness unto eternal life by Jesus Christ Our
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The Epistle Of Philippians
The epistle of Philippians is written by Paul with credit given to Timothy. This position is supported by the verse 1 of chapter 1 stating this fact.
Pauline authorship had been accepted by the early church fathers Polycarp and Ireaneus, which serves as strong support. However in the 18th century,
F. C Baur argued that Philippians may not have been Pauline due the presence of Gnostic doctrines and ideals. He further questions the origin of the
epistle due to the statement made in Philippians 1:12, as it could not be proved by using the other prison epistles said to be written in Rome.
Nonetheless, the evidence is circumstantial at best and inconsequential at worst. As such, it is generally accepted and no longer disputed that the
epistle is instead Pauline. However, the origin of the letter is matter of debate. There are three possibilities as to the origin or location of the writing of
Philippians. What is known is that the epistle was written by Paul during one of his three imprisonments. What can be argued is which imprisonment.
Paul was imprisoned in Ceasarea for two years (58–60 AD) as account in Acts 28:14–31 by Luke. The mention of the praetorian guard in verse 1:13
could be one clue, as one did exist in Caesarea. However, Paul mentions that he has no appeal in verses 1:19–26. Paul did appeal his jailing in
Caesarea. Moveover, there is no strong evidence that favors ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Leaving the Ephesus argument aside, as it only cites travel limitations as a reason, the evidence sides with Rome being the place of origin, placing the
date around 61–62 AD during Paul's first
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peter and paul
Nickesha Larmond
Paul and Peter
Background information about Paul Paul whose name was Saul was an early Christian missionary and theologian, known as the Apostle to the
Gentiles was born a Jew in Tarsus, Rome. As a minor, he was trained as a rabbi but earned his living as a tentmaker. A zealous Pharisee, he persecuted
the first Christians until a vision of Jesus, experienced while on the road to Damascus, converted him to Christianity. Three years later he met St. Peter
and Jesus ' brother James and was henceforth recognized as the 13th Apostle. From his base in Antioch, he traveled widely, preaching to the Gentiles.
By asserting that non–Jewish disciples of Christ did not have to observe Jewish law, he helped to establish ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Background information about Peter Saint Peter the Apostle, original name Simeon, or Simon (died AD 64, Rome), disciple of Jesus Christ,
recognized in the early church as the leader of the disciples and the Roman Catholic Church as the first of its unbroken succession of popes. Peter
a fisherman, was called to be a disciple of Jesus at the beginning of his ministry. He received from Jesus an Aramaic appellation Cephas which
means "Rock." This was translated into Greek as Petros (from the Greek Petra, "rock") and became a Latin Petrus and the English Peter. Jesus told
Peter he was the Rock upon whom the Christian Church would be built. Throughout the public life of Jesus, Peter is represented in the Gospel as
the Spokesman and principal member of Jesus' followers. He is the first named in the entire list given of these followers and was present with a
privilege at few special occasions, example, the daughter of Jairus brought back to life by Jesus. He was also the first to see Jesus after his
resurrection from the dead. Peter baptized the Roman pagan Cornelius and at the council of Jerusalem he gave his support to preaching to gentiles.
He was imprisoned by King Herod Agrippa and escaped with the help of an angel. Peter died in Rome during the reign of Emperor Nero. It is said that
Peter was crucified on the Vatican Hill upside down because her declared himself
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A Very Brief Look at the New Testament
The New Testament is an anthology of twenty–seven ancient writings that describe the life of Jesus Christ and the beginning of the Christian Church.
This anthology was not written by just one person, but rather, has several authors, most of whom are known and some of whom are not distinctly
known. All of these writings are believed to have been written in the first and second centuries AD from roughly 50AD to 125AD(class notes). The
New Testament was mainly written in Greek with some small bits of Aramaic (class notes), but has since been translated into various other languages.
This group of writings has been used as both a theological and historical document, while there are no clear lines distinguishing the two. It becomes
apparent in studying the New Testament that it is a group of texts discussingJesus Christ as the Son of God, and the origin and spread of Christianity
while including a heavy influence of the societies of the authors.
The New Testament comes from at least eight different authors who lived during and after the life of Jesus. Each of the writings, while dealing with
Jesus, his teachings or the spread of Christianity, has a historical undertone. There are clear bits of historical context throughout the anthology that
allow the books to be dated and provide insight to the world of the authors. When the prophetic destruction of the temple in Jerusalem is being
discussed in the gospels, it is clear that the authors are discussing the threat of the
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Dialectical Journal Chapter 2
1. Genre / Authorship The genre of this particular portion of Scripture is epistolary. An epistle comes from the Greek word ОµП
ЂО№ПѓП„ОїО»О·,
which means letter. Originally it refers to oral communication sent by a messenger. Since this epistle was sent from the Apostle Paul, this is a Pauline
epistle. There is no serious challenge to the fact that Paul has sent this letter, and Tertius is cited in 16:22 as probably being Paul's amanuensis or scribe.
Although, Paul wrote to the church in Rome about precise circumstances found in the beginning and end of the letter (1:1–17; 15:14–16:27), Paul uses
questions throughout this letter as literary devices to explain what the gospel really is to his audience, both the Jews and Gentiles alike. This is done...
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This theme links together the end of chapter 3 and chapter 4, and the theme is more accurately "that all peoples are justified by faith." Paul proves this
by presenting Abraham in v.1–8, that he was righteous and justified not by his works, but by his faith so he could not boast. David confirms Abraham's
righteousness by faith (vv.6–8), and Paul explains that Abraham was righteous before circumcision, but received circumcision to become the father of
all believers (vv.9–12). If not for grace, all believers would be based on their adherence to the law, which would result in the wrath of God (vv.13–16).
Schreiner organizes this well by presenting that Paul introduces that righteousness is by faith and not by works in 3:27–28, while illustrating his point
with Abraham in 4:1–8, and that righteousness by faith is for both Jews and Gentiles in 3:29–30, which is illustrated in 4:19–16. The concluding verses
(vv. 17–25) speak of the characteristics of Abraham's faith which was counted to him as righteousness (v.22), and that it was not just for his sake
alone, but also for all believers who would be justified by believing in the death and resurrection of the Lord Jesus Christ
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The Value Of Determining The Purpose Of Paul's Epistles
I learned that the term epistle means letters, written to encourage followers or churches. Determining the purpose of Paul's epistles, is to declare or
define the Christian teaching on a particular matter for the church. In most cases the epistles addressed to particular people at particular times. They
were also widely circulated among the churches at large. Philemon was written by Paul to his friend Philemon, asking him to care for his son Osemis.
Romans was written to Churches with which Paul was to provide advice and guidance. As a recipient of these epistles, I would consider the value of
the message to determine my reaction. Determining
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Analysis of the Message of the New Testament
THE MESSAGE OF THE NEW TESTAMENT
__________________
A Book Review
Presented to
Dr. Richard T. Vann, Jr.
Dallas Baptist University
__________________
In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for MALA 5366
__________________
by
Travis G. Gothard
April 14, 2013
Bruce, F. F. The Message of the New Testament. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1973. 120 pp. $10.71.
"What is the New Testament?" "Is there one New Testament Message?" F. F. Bruce addresses these questions in his book, The Message of the New
Testament. He answers the first question quickly in the prologue stating, "To Christians, it is the second and shorter division of their sacred scriptures,
'God's Word written'" (11). Bruce dedicates this work to answering the... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
All of Paul's epistles speak to God's grace, but in these pastoral letters, Bruce views the main contribution to be the church as a firm foundation on
which God stands, a church not merely as "an institution for the dispensing of the means of grace," (44) but a church as a community instructed,
practiced, organized and administered as it grows as a "community of ordinary men and women: who have the saving grace of Christ in common and
await Jesus' return. In chapter five of his book, Bruce turns to Luke's writings in the Gospel of Luke and the Acts of the apostles where Luke
declares Christianity as a faith for the whole world, not just the Jews who pressured the Roman government to execute Jesus. The Gospel of Luke,
itself is the gospel to the underprivileged. In defending the faith and Jesus' place in it, Luke presents accounts of Stephen and Paul as a part of his
history with Stephen's account launching the Gentile mission (53) and Paul underscoring this mission as the major theological theme of Luke when
he voices near the end of his history in Acts 28:28 "Let it be known to you then that this salvation of God has been sent to the Gentiles; they will
listen." In fact, though some Romans found it difficult to accept the lordship of Jesus because he was convicted and executed on a charge of sedition
against Rome, Luke begins with an emphasis of the Gentile mission by recounting Simeon of
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Greek And Roman Literature.an Epistolary Poem Essay
Introduction:
Epistolary poems are one of the ancient forms in literature which could be traced in Greek and Roman literature.An epistolary poem is written in a
form of letter addressed to an individual or to a society. The term epistleis derived from the Latin term Epistula which means a letter. Poets present
their poems in the form of letters appealing to emotions and feelings. Epistolary poems may be objective or subjective, formal or colloquial, directed
to an individual or to a general public. It may take any form from heroic couplets to blank verse. While exploring the origin of epistolary form in poetry,
the scholars could peg varied themes being dealt in the poems, from Philosophical concepts to daily mundane activities.
Letters is a powerful medium that brings people together. Philosophers, sociologists, literary writers widely use the form of epistles to drive home
their views and ideas effectively. Exploring the origin of epistolary poems lucidly illumines the fact that poets effuse their thoughts through epistles
effectively. Epistolary poems are penned for pedagogical purpose also. The poems of epistles can be objective registering distant views pertaining to
social issues or subjective imparting personal feelings and emotions of the writer.
Origin of epistolary poems could be traced back to Roman Literature between 43 B.C to 17or 18 A.D when the great Roman poet Ovid wrote
Heroides (The Heroines) or EpistulaeHeroidum (letters of Heroines) comprising of
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Paul's Influence On Christianity
The Pauline epistles are the fourteen books in the New Testament traditionally attributed to Paul the Apostle. There is wide consensus in modern New
Testament scholarship on a core group of authentic Pauline epistles whose authorship is rarely contested: Romans, 1 and 2 Corinthians, Galatians,
Philippians, 1 Thessalonians, and Philemon. The several other letters allegedly written by Paul lack academic consensus: Ephesians, Colossians, 2
Thessalonians, 1 & 2 Timothy, and Titus. However, both the real and the fake apostle Paul are of great importance toChristianity and played a major
role in spreading this new religion. Paul's influence on Christian thinking arguably has been more significant than any other New Testament author.
Paul declared that "Christ is the end of the law", exalted the Christian church as the body of Christ, and depicted the world outside the Church as under
judgment. It has been said that if it were not for Paul, Christianity would have remained a small unknown branch of Judaism. Paul was the leading
missionary to the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Among that of many other apostles and missionaries involved in the spread of the Christian faith, Paul's influence on Christian thought and practice has
been characterized as being as "profound as it is pervasive". Despite the controversies and problems with the authenticity of Paul's epistles, he remains a
very important part of the Christian tradition, having an impact in various geographical areas. Justification by faith, the concept that humans are saved
from sin by believing in Jesus, is the most important contribution Paul brought to Christianity. His speeches brought together nations into one
community, Christians. Being the most important missionary of Jesus Christ, it was Paul who managed to make Christianity a "universal"
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Book Of Romans: Authentic Letter Written By The Apostle Paul
1.Book of Romans: a.Authorship – The epistle of Romans is universally regarded as an authentic letter written by the Apostle Paul (Powell, 222). The
book of Romans belongs to a group of letters referred to as the undisputed letters of Paul (Powell, 223). In fact, Paul's name appears as the very first
word in the epistle (NRSV, 2007).
b.Date – The time of the writing is probable around 57 or 58 CE (Powell, 258). These dates correlate nicely with the end of Paul's third missionary trip
(NRSV Acts 20:2–3). The emperor Claudius had expelled all Jews from Rome in 49 CE because of constant disturbances associated with the name
"Chrestus" (NRSV, 2007). Claudius died in 54 CE permitting Jewish Christians to return to Rome and rejoin Gentile Christians that had remained
(NRSV, 2008).
c. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Place (where was it written and where was it received) – Many scholars believe that Paul was in Corinth nearing the end of his third missionary
journey when the letter was composed (Powell, 258). Paul traveled from Ephesus to Corinth where he remained for three months allowing time for the
composition of the epistle (NRSV, 2007). The letter was received by an unidentified Christian church in or near Rome.
d.Audience – Romans may be the only letter that was written to a group of people that Paul does not know (Powell, 256). He introduces himself to the
congregation of a church that he has yet to visit in Rome, the capital city of the Roman Empire. The Church was probably comprised of both Jewish
and Gentile Christians.
e.Exigence (why was it written) – Paul wishes to introduce himself to these Roman Christians in preparation for a future visitation; gather support for a
possible fourth missionary journey to Spain; solicit their prayers for his upcoming visit to Jerusalem; and offer his pastoral counsel regarding any
current or future problems that may arise (Powell,
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Paul's Contribution to Christianity
It seems strange that so little is known biographically about one of the most important figures in Christian history, but this only serves to add to the
mystery and grandeur surrounding the Apostle Paul of Tarsus. Much, however, is known of the time after his conversion to Christ and what he did to
contribute to Christianity in this period, and it is this that leaves a greater legacy than the simple facts of his life. The contributions that he made
towards the cause of Christ and the spreading and formation of Christianity are what he is perennially remembered for.
Paul is remembered as a missionary and church planter. He undertook three extensive missionary journeys, estimated to have taken place in A.D. 44, 49
and 53. He spent much ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Paul was not fighting against the Law of Moses – he knew the law, and that obeying the commandments would lead to happiness. But he also knew
that Christ had come to fulfil the law as messiah, and to reconcile the world to himself (2 Corinthians 5:19). He did not interpose rejection of the
law, but was polemical of Jewish Christians excluding Gentiles on grounds such as circumcision. As he was later to say of the event, "There is
neither Jew nor Greek, slave nor free, male nor female, for you are all one in Christ Jesus." (Galatians 3:28)
This teaching has impacted Christianity in history through the lives of individuals but most significantly through the Reformation of the 16th Century.
Martin Luther was strongly convicted on this issue, seeing it as the epitome of Paul's teachings. Because Luther stood for this issue unfalteringly, he
was persecuted and excommunicated. He and his followers formed the Protestant Church, turning away from Catholicism in disgust at their practices of
indulgences to gain salvation, making his mantra, "the just shall live by faith." (Hab. 2:4, Rom. 1:17) This was scripture that Paul had restated in his
most famous and complete theological epistle, Romans. This influence of Paul brought about conflict, but also good and freedom, and a new
expression of Christianity.
Today, Catholic and Protestant churches still hold different views
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The Pauline Epistles I Essay
Our source of knowledge of the apostolic work of Paul comes first from the Book of Acts. The epistles written by Paul serve to further our knowledge
of his mission. These letters were written to churches that he had founded or churches that were known to him. Luke's account of Paul introduces us to
the basic facts about this important biblical figure. A more complete understanding of Paul's journeys can be gleaned from his letters. These epistles
were written almost at the time they occurred and they comprise some of the earliest works contained in the New Testament. These letters had already
been written when Luke wrote the Book of Acts, but a close reading indicates that they are independent of one another. Paul wrote letters to... Show
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It may explain why he mentions in Galatians 6.11, that he wrote in 'large letters'. It was perhaps a reference used to prove that he wrote the letter
and that it was not forged. Speculation points to a physical ailment such as bad eyesight but that seems unlikely considering other scripture.
PAUL'S BACKGROUND An examination of the Pauline epistles should begin with an examination of the author. Saul of Tarsus was a Jewish
official a Pharisee. Saul was a persecutor of Christians and an eyewitness to the stoning of Steven. "And cast him out of the city, and stoned him:
and the witnesses laid down their clothes at a young man's feet, whose name was Saul." (Acts 7.58 King James Version) He had a vision on the
road to Damascus and was blinded. God sent Ananias to heal Saul of his affliction. God also sent Paul a vision of Ananias to let him know that he
would be healed. Paul did not learn the Gospel from other men. He received his knowledge directly from Jesus.Paul is developing and spreading the
doctrine of the Church in his letters. The body of Christ (the Church) is being revealed in his letters to the seven churches. Paul's revelations about the
Church concerned its heavenly calling, promise and destiny. The administration and organization of the Church was revealed to us through the apostle
Paul. ROMANS The Book of Romans was written around 57–58 A.D. Paul was writing to the Church in Rome from Corinth. It had long been his
desire to go to Rome to
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The Didache
Today, Christians around the globe try to figure out how they can become good, obedient Christians. Some look to the Ten Commandments received
at the top of Mount Sinai. Others, try to model their lives around the teachings and parables Jesus spoke to his followers. Yet few Christians, realize
that the Didache, also known as the Teaching of the Twelve Disciples, gives the reader an idea on how to be a good person just like the Ten
Commandments and Jesus. The Two Ways of the Didache advise people on how to live their lives to become better Christians. The Didache is a
sixteen chapter book, separated into four separate parts. The book covers a range of topics from how to be an ethical Christian to basic rituals
conducted within the Church. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The next line states that we should love God who created us in his likeness and image. (Cruttwell) After referring to what is known as the Shema, the
author advises the reader to love their neighbor like you love yourself (Cruttwell). Known as the Great Commandment, variations can be found in both
the Old and New Testaments of the Bible. All of the gospels, excluding John, give a general idea of the commandment through the words of Jesus.
In the gospel of Matthew, Jesus speaks this great commandment to a lawyer, saying, "You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and
with all your soul, and with all your mind. This is the great and first commandment. And a second is like it, you shall love your neighbor as
yourself."(Matthew) In the Gospel of Luke, Jesus has a similar answer saying, "You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all
your soul, and with all your strength, and with all your mind; and your neighbor as yourself."(Luke) In the Old Testament, Leviticus and Deuteronomy
of the Pentateuch give a part of this Great Commandment. Leviticus talks of loving and reasoning with one's neighbor, but does not mention God.
(Leviticus) Deuteronomy, however, talks about loving God with all your heart, but avoids loving thy neighbor. (Deuteronomy). With the Didache
acting as a book of guidance, it is understandable to see a form of the Great Commandment as an important rule to live by. The inclusion of the
commandment in all these forms of writing shows just how valuable it was to the Apostles at the time, and gives us an idea as to why it is included in
the Two Ways of the Didache. After the Shema and the Great Commandment, the Didache informs the reader that all things whatsoever you do not
wish to be done to you, those do not you to another. (Cruttwell) This axiom is known as the
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The Book Of Romans Is Identified As An Epistle
The genre of the book of Romans is identified as an epistle. It is essential to recognize the related interpretive principles when interpreting this kind of
genre. Read the epistle in its entirety in one sitting to understand the intent of the letter. It is particularly profitable to also consider paragraphs as being
the main units of thought. Follow the logical development of the argument as the letter progresses. Historical context is of vital importance when
studying an epistle. No serious scholar today questions that Paul is the author of Romans. Dating ancient letters is notably difficult, but in the case of
Romans we can securely pinpoint the letter between A.D. 55 and 58. Paul composed the epistle to the Romans during his stay in ... Show more content
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The Gentiles were filled with contempt for the Jews for their failure to realize that Christ had freed believers from the law. Paul wanted the Jews and
the Gentiles to understand that forging unity out of differences is important to bring peace to the church. Paul summarizes his doctrine of salvation in
a deeper way compared to the other epistles to solve existing problems in the Roman church. Not only is it important to learn about the historical
context behind the passage in Romans, but we also must view the literary context. Understanding the literary context of Romans is an important part
of the interpretation process. The epistle is the dominant literary genre of the New Testament in terms of space; 21 out of the 27 books are
characterized as epistles. The epistle is a mixed form that combines literary and expository features. The usual New Testament epistle is composed of
five main parts: 1) an opening or salutation; 2) thanksgiving; 3) body of letter; 4) moral exhortations; and 5) closing with final greetings and
benediction. Paul wrote this letter to Rome during his ministry in Corinth. About a year earlier, he had written 1 Corinthians after hearing terrible news
regarding opposition against him in the Corinthian church during his ministry in Ephesus. 2 Corinthians was probably written just a month or two
before Paul's visit to Corinth. This was a joyful time for him because much of the trouble he had experienced from the
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Sermon On The Mount Tone
In A.D. 27, Apostles Matthew recorded a sermon that Jesus had once delivered. The sermon was called, "The Sermon on the Mount", this letter was
teachings of Jesus. In this sermon he spoke from his heart to always follow the Ten Commandments. Jesus did not present this sermon in a synagogue
like teachers and prophets would do instead, he would preach in the open air. This sermon is known to be one of the most famous sermonsJesus has
ever given. Around A.D. 57, Paul in contact with Jesus' teaching which completely changed his life. He changed his religion toChristianity from
Judaism. Paul went to spread the Gospel of Jesus throughout the Roman world. Paul decided to go traveling; while he was traveling he wrote an epistle
to the Romans. In ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Paul in his Epistle to the Romans was different because of the message. Many people would think that the messages are similar, but they are not. In
the sermon, The Sermon on the Mount, Jesus states, "The message in the Sermon is set firmly within the Jewish tradition. Jesus urges his listeners
to a commitment to righteousness, which he defines with poignant simplicity." (93) The message in this sermon is basically that Jesus wanted to
touch his listeners by his words by always doing what is right and equal. Jesus wanted peace within everyone. In St. Paul's Epistle to the Romans,
he states, "The Epistle to the romans was sent to one of the Christian congregation in Rome and set out many of Paul's central theological views."
(96) Basically, the massage of the letter of Paul was to for Roman to agree with him on his central theological views. Paul messages was only to
people that believed in God, he did not care about the ones that did not believe him. Jesus and Paul's messages were different because they had different
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What Is The Purpose Of Romans 6: 1-14
The Epistles were not composed for the purpose of being freely applied to ones life in any way that the person wishes. There is a specific meaning or
lesson involved within each passage. Romans 6:1–14 fits into the context of Paul speaking to the Romans on behalf of the division in the community;
along with him clarifying the gospel and how it should be lived out. This particular passage specifically communicates the unity with Christ through
His death and Resurrection. Along with illustrating what the actions of dying and being resurrected with Christ look like in a person's life. The
identity Christians possess when they are reborn is addressed in this passage as well. The first interpretive principle for Romans is to read the whole
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Paul To The Galatians
The epistle of Paul to the Galatians has been view as one of the most critical t historical record of the early church history written during Christianity's
foundational period and initial expansion. Known as one of the most important religious documents ever written, this book was written by Paul who
wrote this epistle to a number of congregations that existed in a Roman province of Galatia. As Dunn states, this epistle has help to establish Paul's
authority as well as to shape the character and self–perception of early Christianity.
Of all Paul's epistles, the letter has been the least challenged of the Pauline corpus with most scholars as well as the early church fathers regarding it as
an authentic letter of Paul. According to Guthrie,
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The First Reason Is Not Written By An Apostle
In the beginning of the "Preface to James" from Luther Works, he provides his personal opinion about the epistle, James. He believes that James is a
good book, although not written by an apostle. Luther makes these claims because of two main reasons. The first reason is " It is flatly against St.Paul
and all the rest of Scripture in ascribing justification to works". (Luther, "Preface")He explains how James and St.Paul have a complex differentiation
between Abraham and his works. James teaches that Abraham was justified by his works when he offered his son Isaac (2:20). However, in Romans
4:22–22 St.Paul states that Abraham was justified apart from works, by his faith alone, before he offers his son. Further behind the two scriptures,
St. Paul provides proof by Moses in Genesis 15:6. This proof can not be denied by the epistle and sets him in his place without the title as an apostle.
Luther 's second reason is " It 's purpose is to teach Christians, but in all this long teaching it does not once mention the Passion, the Resurrection, or
the Spirit of Christ." (Luther, "Preface")James was known for spreading the word of God, although this good work was not approved of Luther. He
comes to the understanding that James cared about his faith with God, but did not preach about the most important events about Jesus. Luther
acknowledges his belief that " Whatever does not teach Christ is not yet apostolic."(Luther, "Preface) His article comes to an end with his conclusion
that
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Thirteen Epistles Of Ephesians
The Apostle Paul wrote thirteen epistles, also called letters, that can be found in the New Testament (Demarest, 2018, no pg.). There has been some
debate that the epistles of Ephesians, First Timothy, Second Timothy, Titus, Colossians and Second Thessalonians were pseudonymously written in
Paul's name, but that he was not the actual author. There seems to be discrepancies about the attitude that Paul conveyed towards women in the church
between the letters known to be written by him, and the ones that were not. The letters known to be written by Paul convey Jesus's message that
everyone is to be welcome in worship, including women. In Romans 16:1–2 Paul wrote, I commend to you our sister Phoebe of the Church at
Cenchreae, that you may welcome
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Pauline Epistles Influence On Christianity
Possibly Paul's most significant mark on Christianity, his authorship of the Pauline Epistles which influenced the first stages of the international
development of Christianity. The Pauline Epistles were a series of letters written by Paul, not only giving guidance to early Christians, but most
importantly, permanently clarifying the Soteriology of Christianity. Paul's most important series of letters is considered to specifically be the Epistle to
the Romans (https://www.blueletterbible.org 2015). In writing this, Paul summarises the core beliefs of Christianity, explaining the belief of Jesus
Christ and the resurrection in a few short sentences. (Romans 1:3–5). Further on, Paul writes about the Power of the Gospel (Romans 1:16), the Guild
of Humankind (referring to humanities misunderstanding of God) (Romans 1:18), but most importantly, Paul speaks about the concept of "Love for
One Another" (Romans 13:6). ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Furthermore in Paul's First Epistle to the Corinthians, Paul informs the Christian communities on the subjects of sexual immorality, offering food to
idols, and other simple guidelines. Embedded in 1 Corinthians 15:3–6, is Paul's most important message to his fellow brethrens, reminding them of the
importance of the death and resurrection of Christ, as well as mentioning his conversion experience. These are all quintessential examples of Paul's
personal effect on Christianity's spread and assertion. As an example, Paul sparked the popularity of the quote "Love your neighbor as yourself" (http:/
/www.allaboutgod.com/ 2002–2015), as his letter would have been very contraversial, and therefore very well known at the
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Romans Nine Epistles
Emphasizing the passion of Christ and the power of the Gospel, the Pauline Epistles expressed pure ministry from Paul's humble heart. The nine
epistles written from Romans to 2 Thessalonians are directed towards the church, while four epistles, 1 and 2 Timothy, Titus, and Philemon, contain
more of a personal and pastoral side to things. Though, to focus in on just one of these, the book of Romans puts an emphasis on the message of the
Gospel. It is perceived that Paul wrote the book of Romans around A.D. 57–58 with the purpose of reaching the Romans with the good news. Romans
16:25 (ESV) – "Now to him who is able to strengthen you according to my gospel and the preaching of Jesus Christ, according to the revelation of the
mystery that was kept
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Paul Of Tarsus Essay
St Paul of Tarsus plays a significant role in Christianity, explicitly in the development of his Christian theology. Most of his teaching on Christianity is
his amplifications and explanations of the teachings of Jesus, which openly invite individuals into the life of Christ in great detail. Paul's remarkable
writing capabilities leave a lasting impact upon Christianity in the past and present context, through the widespread themes in his epistles to the
missionary journey. St Paul of Tarsus writings has shaped the way Christians should live in response to Christ's life, death, and resurrection.
Paul's written work, such as his Epistles in the new testament highlight the importance of Christian unity in the modern Christian life. He helped ...
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The common misconception in Paul epistles is his wish to repress females and only to serve and listen to their husband. This is often supported in 1
Corinthians 14:34–35 "women should remain silent in the churches. They are not allowed to speak, but must be in submission, as the law says. If they
want to inquire about something they should ask their own husbands at home; for it is disgraceful for a woman to speak in the church". However most
of Paul's teaching on women are rather radical and forward–thinking for his time. This is seen in Romans 16:1–2 "our sister, who is [also] a minister of
the church at Cenchreae...[and] a benefactor to many and to me as well.". In this particular passage, Phoebe is commended for hand–carrying the letter
to Rome and further explaining the content of the letter to the listeners. She was clearly important to Paul and to his missionary journey. Despite
Paul's perceived negativity about women in the church, he appreciates and respect women. Paul's teaching about the role of women in church is his
opinion that the new age has begun, and has been an ongoing impact to the world. He does this by bringing the life of Christ alive, seen in Romans
8:2 "The law of the Spirit of life in Christ Jesus has set us free from the law of sin and
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Apostle Paul and The Good News
1
E. C. Mitchell
BIBL 110 B11 LUO
Biblical World View Essay
September 15, 2014
Apostle Paul and the Good News
Introduction
Dr. Elmer Towns and his co–author Ben Gutierrez in their book "In Essence of the New Testament: A Survey" supports the idea and the importance of
all Christians grasping the knowledge put forth in the book of Romans. Biblical educators such as Samuel Coleridge and Martin Luther holds Paul's
epistle to the Romans in high esteem (Towns & Gutierrez, 2012). They refer to as "the most profound work in existence and "the purest gospel (Towns
& Gutierrez, 2012). These claims are evident when reading Paul's epistles in the book of Romans, one can feel Jesus Christ's inspiration in his words
and message. In Romans 1:6 –7 ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He holds no secrets from those who are the open to the Gospel of Christ. It's safe to say that Romans is Paul's world view, once captured by the power
of Jesus, he devoted his entire being to spreading the Gospel of Jesus Christ. Paul, an evil doer repented and gave his life to Christ. Paul is the example
of the miracle of what happens when one accepts Jesus as Lord and Savior. God will pass judgment on those who disobey his calling to live a Christ
like life (Romans 2:1–15) yet rewards those who accepts His alignment.
Human Identity and Relationships
Human identity and where we came from has been shared in Genesis (1:26) when God states "lets create them, man and woman in our own image"
Paul reiterates the identity of humans and our relationships to each other, when he shares that humans are the descendants of Adam and Eve. He
speaks on how sin passed down from generation to generation and that God turned humans over to themselves and their wickedness (Romans 1:26).
God sent Jesus to save us for our repentance with the promise to those who choose to follow Him will be saved (Romans 5–6).
4
Culture and Living
Paul tells us of the culture that God expects of humans, he says God wants humans to live happy and righteous lives in honor of Jesus Christ. Humans
should live in the culture of Christ. Treating others well in our deeds. Living a Non–Judgmental life, we are not to judge others. We are to help
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The New Testament Is Not An Easy Thing

  • 1. The New Testament Is Not An Easy Thing Being an outsider in any faction of life is never an easy thing. When you are someone trying to fit into a life that isn't yours it seems different and sometimes scary. People in the group look at you differently for thinking different than them but you also look at them differently for making their own thoughts. Seeing as the Christians in Philippi were persecuted for thinking different; they had a letter to help them try and deal with the persecution I know it doesn't change things. Transitioning through the process of being an outsider isn't an easy task, if only there was guide lines or letter to help people like there was in Philippians. The New Testament is made up of 27 books, 21 out of the 27 books are letters. When epistles were... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... When thinking about who Philippians was written for, it's simple and obvious, even more obvious than who the author is. The title of the Epistle is "Philippians" after the city of Philippi. This Epistle was written to the Christians that were living in Philippi and to the Church. "Paul writes a thank–you note to the believers at Philippi for their help in his hour of need, and he uses the occasion to send along some instructions on Christian unity" This Epistle was not only written to the Christians in Philippi but more specifically was written to the church that was founded by Paul. When reading the quote "It is clear that Paul wanted the church to know how things were going for him in his imprisonment" , you get the idea that Paul wrote to the church. Now this may not be nor will it ever be 100% proven it is clearly visible this is the case. Philippi being a Roman colony doesn't mean that all the residing citizens were Roman. "the inhabitants were undoubtedly proud to be Romans, with all the rights and privileges afforded Roman citizens" . Philippi being the Roman colony that it is; it would be safe to say there were very few Jews living there. Paul had met the Jews residing in the city and while doing so Paul met Lydia. With Lydia's help the very first church of Europe was erected. "With the support of Lydia and other local converts, Paul ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 2. Biblical worldview essay Tim Brooks BIBL 104–12D LUO L26270480 Biblical Worldview Essay Introduction In Paul's epistle to the Romans he gives us the foundation of Christian life in regards to how we should not only see the world, but also how we should act in a world that rejects the gospel of Christ. In Romans 1–8 Paul teaches us how we are not able to come to a saving grace through our works, but that it must come from Christ alone, and not only to the Jews, but to the Gentiles also. Paul tells us however, that this will not be easy, but we that we need to remember who is ultimately in control of everything around us. The Natural World Paul makes it clear that the world was created by God and that we are without excuse if we choose to deny that. Romans... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... What we could not do for ourselves Jesus went to the cross to do for us. Human Relationships Our relationships with other people give a strong sense of what our relationship with God is like. How we interact with people on a daily basis and the relationships that we build goes a long way in showing just how we feel about them. In Romans 1:10 we see that Paul wanted desperately to come to Rome to teach, to interact, to fellowship, and build relationships with the Christians that were there. Just as God wants a personal relationship with His creation we all feel a deep need for relationships with each other. It was not meant for man to go through life on his own without being able to interact with each other. We see the genuinelove that Paul displayed toward the people and churches throughout his epistles and it should make us want to have an even stronger relationship with our Creator. Culture We've heard it said before that we are products of our environment or culture. The culture of Rome in biblical times was much like the culture of a large city today. They had not only accepted the wicked lifestyles that were being practiced, but they were also approving the practice of such things (Rom 1:32). We can see a lot of the same things going on in our time and our world that was going on in Rome when Paul wrote thisepistle. We are quickly heading down a path towards the same destruction
  • 3. ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 4. Informative Speech On Romans Introduction/Thesis: "People have called the apostle Paul's great epistle to the Romans "the most profound work in existence" (Samuel Coleridge)."1 Imagine the great challenge the Apostle Paul faced to preach the Gospel and the relationship between Jews and Gentiles. During the times that Romans was written, Rome was the epicenter of the ancient world and contained a myriad of subcultures. One of the more recognizable verses in Romans; "For I am not ashamed of the gospel, because it is God's power for salvation to everyone who believes, first to the Jew, and also to the Greek" (Romans 1:16), proves Paul's devotion his mission that everyone preach the Gospel to everyone who believes throughout the world. The Natural World: Romans was written in Corinth during the Winter of AD 56/57 at the conclusion of his third journey.2 Romans was written to the people of Rome as dictated in Romans 1:7 "To all that are in Rome, beloved of God, called to be saints: Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ," and Romans 1:15 "So, as much as in me is, I am ready to preach the gospel to you also that are in Rome." As aforementioned, Rome was the largest and most important city of the world with a multifaceted cultural makeup, consisting of both Jews and Gentiles and a large percentage of slaves. 3 More so, the natural world at that time was filled with Pagans, whom rejected the knowledge and glory of God, and Moralists that had their own set of standards, which ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 5. The Book of Ephesians is an Epistle Written by Paul Bible Dictionary Project Book The book of Ephesians is an epistle written by Paul to the church in Ephesus. It takes the form of a letter aimed at addressing the Christian congregation. Paul wrote the letter, along with several other epistles, while incarcerated in a Roman prison. With the assistance of Tychicus, Paul sent his letter to Ephesus, the capital of lesser Asia (Weber, 2000). Paul's letter aims to expound on the critical role played by the church as a constituent of God's plans. The church is presented as furthering God's eternal purpose, with Christ as its head. With its comprehensive and insightful analysis, Ephesians offers further discourse on issues pertaining to Christ's church as explained in other epistles. From Ephesians, Christians are also able to comprehend the dimensions of God's grace. The epistle examines the greatness of God's love, highlighting the privilege of a spiritual rebirth made possible by God's grace (Weber, 2000). Paul also warns the Ephesus Christians against the false doctrines and misleading philosophy prevalent in Ephesus at the time (Ephesians 4:14 New International Version). Ephesians establishes the church's place as a critical component in God's divine plan and offers lessons on the workings of salvation and grace. Person Born in 6AD, John was an apostle and evangelist who authored the gospel of John, the three epistles of John as well as the Revelation according to John. As one of Christ's 12 disciples, John extensively ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 6. Louis Berkof Introduction of the New Testament Summary of introduction to the new testament Louis Berkof by systematically addressing the origin of the Gospel and the Epistles of the New Testament, their content, characteristics, authorship, composition, and canonical significance, Takes on the difficult undertaking of ensuring that the New Testament is accurately understood within what he perceives is the correct historical setting. Berkhof primarily intended this book for his students at Calvin Theological Seminary where he taught for nearly 30 years. Introduction to the New Testament incorporates the research and labors of many past scholars, and church Fathers, and presents it in such a way as to make "Introduction to the New Testament" a diverse... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... In defending his point against those that deny that the gospel written by inspiration of God, Berkhof flagrantly proclaims, "Over against this position we hold that the Gospels were written by men who were inspired by the Holy Spirit, and that they are therefore absolutely trustworthy and authoritative accounts of the life of our Lord." To defend his position Berkhof list but a few passages from scriptures that support his position. As for those that admit the inspiration of the Old Testament Prophets, but deny that the Apostles were inspired because they did not use the expression "Thus Saith the Lord" or did not observe the characteristic phenomena that accompanied the inspiration of the prophets, Berkhof gives three points in distinguishing the inspiration of the prophets from the inspiration of the Apostles. o In the Old Testament the Holy Spirit took possession of the Prophets sometime suppressing their personality, while in the New Testament the Holy Spirit aboded in the Church and first the Apostle using them as instruments to produce His revelation. o For the Old Testament Prophets the Holy Spirit was an external Power that impelled them to prophesy. While ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 7. Who Is Paul's Epistle To The Romans An Analysis of Paul, Epistle to the Romans Time and time again people put the faith of others into question. Forever, people have debated what belief is real and which belief is not, what is righteous and what is not, which god exists among all or ceases to exist at all. Even though religion is doubted continuously, those with a firm belief in god persist and conquer all quarrels that face them in their devotion to the lord, and we see an example of this commitment in Paul's Epistle to the Romans. Paul's letter to the Romans dates back to the time between 55 and 56 C.E., during the earlier part of Christian persecution in Rome. Paul wrote the letters after his conversion to Christianity in 35 C.E. Paul was converted because of a revelation ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 8. Reflection Of The Catholic Church The Roman Catholic Church was the largest Christian church, with more than 1.25 billion members worldwide. One of the oldest religious institutions in the world, it has played a prominent role in the history of Western civilization. Headed by the Bishop of Rome, known as the Pope, its doctrines are summarized in the Nicene Creed. One the one hand, the Catholic Church was also distinguished by its celebration of the seven sacraments. They are the Baptism, the First communion, the sacrament of the Forgiveness, the declaration of principles, the sacrament of Confirmation, the sacrament of the sick, the sacrament of the Marriage. Also, the Roman Catholic Church provided many basic religious beliefs. The ones shared by the other Christians as resulting from the New Testament and formulated in the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Actually, Become a priest, he studied and taught the theology and eventually questions about the divine favor and the ways to reach the eternal life or heaven. By studying the epistle to Romains de St Paul, he is struck by the sentence "The just man will live by the faith ". By this revelation, he acquired the conviction that the Man can be saved only by his faith and not by his good deeds. He noticed that the hierarchy inside the Church was useless; he did not need intermediary between God and the people because they are all equals. The papacy is thus questioned. So, further to the affair of the Indulgences where the Pope sold "young" papers for the repurchase of the sins of the believers to renovate the basilica St Pierre of Rome, Luther parts definitively from the Roman Catholic Church. More important was his works on Paul's epistles and his obsession of the salute. Luther said to himself that the man would have to accept his sinner's state and that he was inevitably imperfect in front of ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 9. Saint Paul, Epistle to the Romans Saint Paul, Epistle to the Romans Christianity is a religion that has overcome a lot of adversity in the last couple decades. Through the use of early disciples preaching the word of God and with scripture, the beliefs of Christian faith can be understood. The earliest Christian sources do not come from the gospels, but from Paul's epistles regarding the Christian communities. Paul, or Saul his Hebrew name, was born an Israelite in Tarsus and became one of the most influential followers. Prior to his dramatic conversion to Christianity, Paul was a member of the Jewish elite of the eastern Mediterranean. While seeking to have Christians bound, a striking revelation of Christ's appearance occurred while traveling to Damascus in Sryria. God ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Men and women have reached out and accepted what Paul has said in this epistle. The people fully believe what Paul revealed to them in this letter, and that God has transformed their lives because of their faith. "Live in harmony with one another; do not be haughty, but associate with the lowly; never be conceited." (Andrea). If the people obey the words of the Lord, the glory and grace of God shall save them. With the acceptance of the spirit living within, God is able to assure his people with eternal life. "Follow the spirit of God, do what he instructs you, have everlasting faith in Him, and He will fulfill his promise to the people." (Weber). God says, "You shall love your neighbor as yourself," since there in no wrong in this, love therefore is fulfilling the Law in every way possible. In the early church, Jewish Christians and Gentile Christians sometimes disagreed about what made a person acceptable to God and how the followers of Christ should live. In Romans, Paul boldly announces that the good news is "God's powerful way of saving all people who have faith, whether they are Jews or Gentiles." (Weber) The Epistle to the Romans served as a plan to instruct Christians of their faith. The Epistle was "the most fully articulated expression of Paul's theology of salvation." (Andrea). With Paul being one of the most ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 10. St Paul: A Hellenistic Jew A Hellenistic Jew, St Paul is known worldwide as one of the earliest Christian missionaries, along with Saint Peter and James the Just. He was also known as Paul the Apostle, the Apostle Paul and the Paul of Tarsus. However, he preferred to call himself 'Apostle to the Gentiles'. Paul had a broad outlook and was perhaps endowed as the most brilliant person to carry Christianity to varied lands, such as Cyprus, Asia Minor (modern Turkey), mainland Greece, Crete and Rome. St Paul's efforts to accept gentile converts and make Torah unnecessary for salvation was a successful task. Childhood Paul was born in Tarsus, in 10 AD, and was originally named Saul. Raised as a pharisaical Jew, he, in his initial years, even persecuted Christians, taking part in the stoning of St. Stephen, the first Christian martyr. Being ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Thereafter, he headed towards Ephesus, an important center for early Christianity since the 50s (AD). The next 2 years of Paul's life were spent in Ephesus, working with the congregation and organizing missionary activity into hinterlands. However, he was forced to leave on account of several disturbances and imprisonment. Paul's next destination was Macedonia, where he went before going to Corinth. After residing in Corinth for three months, he made a final visit to Jerusalem. Arrest & Death In 57 AD, Paul arrived in Jerusalem with money for the congregation. Though reports state that the church welcomed Paul gladly, James had given a proposal that led to his arrest. Retained as a prisoner for two years, Paul had his case reopened when a new governor came into power. Since he appealed as a Roman citizen, Paul was sent to Rome for trial, by the Caesar. However, on the way, he was shipwrecked. It was during this time that he met St. Publius and the islanders, who showered kindness on him. When Paul reached Rome, in AD 60, he spent two years under house arrest, after which he died. ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 11. The Influence of Paul the Apostle Paul the Apostle is considered to be the most influential of the early members of the Christian church, along with Simon Peter and James the Just. Saint Paul is said to have been born around AD 5, and considered to have died about AD67, though the Bible does not record his death specifically. The epistles written by Paul to the churches were plainly and sharply worded. Paul's writings make up a good portion of the New Testament and demonstrate his position of prominence as an apostle of the early Church. Saint Paul was a significant contributor to the spreading of the Gospel through the early Christian communities, particularly through his Epistles, that were established across the Roman Empire. Paul's letters make up some of the earliest of Christian documents and, as such, they are a window into early Christianity, with all of its controversies and unpolished beliefs. The authoritative rule of the New Testament is considered to derive from Saint Paul's works Before his conversion, Paul used the name Saul and he was engaged in the persecution of Jesus' early disciples in the area around Jerusalem. In the book of Acts, the narrative tells about Saul traveling from Jerusalem to Damascus when he encountered the resurrected Jesus in a great light that blinded him for three days, until Ananias of Damascus restored his sight. Following that powerful experience, Paul began his preaching about Jesus of Nazareth as the Son of God and the Jewish Messiah. Saint Paul's influence ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 12. Date and Destination of Galations Grace School of Theology NORTH OR SOUTH: Destination and Date of Galatians A Paper Submitted to Gregory P. Sapaugh, Th.M. Ph.D In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements of RS–503: Research Methods, Writing, and Technology by William (Brant) Wallace Houston, Texas February 25, 2015 Contents Introduction 1 General Debate 1 Geography of Galatia 2 Diversity and Strategy 2 Advantage for Missional Activities 3 The North 3 Evidence for the Northern Theory 4 History 4 Biblical Reference 4 Character 5 The South 5 Evidence for the Southern Theory 6 Establishment of Churches 6 Inclusion of Galatian Churches 6 Judaizing Controversy 7 The... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Given its vast size and thenorthern territory, known as Galatia proper; and, (2) the southern cities of Lycaonia, Pisidia, and Phrygia.10 Chapters 13 and 14 of the book of Acts indicate that Paul traveled within the southern cities of Galatia on his first missionary journey.11 Although there is no explicit mention of Paul visiting the northern territory, some believe that Acts 16:6 and 18:23 provide clear indications that Paul was in the North not the South. 12 The North Many believe that the letter of Galatians was written to those who lived in the northern territory of Galatia. Although this view was once the predominant view, there are three problems with the northern theory: 1. Testament. 2. Very little is known of recipients and churches in the North. 3. The conditions of North were more dangerous and strenuous than that of the South. 10 F. F. Bruce, "Galatian Problems. 2. North or South Galatians?" Bulletin of the John Rylands Library, no. 52 (Spring 1972): 243. 11 12 Ibid., 244. William M. Ramsay, The Church in the Roman Empire Before A.D. 170, 3rd ed. (London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1894), 78. пѓ¬ Despite these problems, there is evidence to support the northern theory.13 Evidence for the Northern Theory Evidence for the northern theory fall into the categories of history, biblical ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 13. Journal Article Critique Of John G ' Pauline Cosmic... LIBERTY UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF DIVINITY Journal Article Critique of Gibbs, John G. "Pauline Cosmic Christology and Ecological Crisis." Journal of Biblical Literature (December 1971): 466–479. Submitted to Dr. Michael Chiavone, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the completion of THEO 510–D01 Survey of Theology by Todd Bush November 6, 2016 Contents Introduction......................................................................................................3 Brief Summary..................................................................................................3 Critical Interaction.............................................................................................4 Conclusion......................................................................................................5 Selected Bibliography...................................................................................................7 Introduction The redemptive doors that Jesus Christ opens and gives us as a fallen creation are crucial toward who He is. The sacrifice upon the cross is critical to our association with Jesus Christ. Overlooking the installment of sins upon the cross, Jesus Christ still holds lordship over the universe. Jesus Christ is still God regardless of the possibility that we tend to overlook it. It is His qualities of affectionate love that gives, which allows us the
  • 14. chance to have communion with Him. The motivation behind this study is to interface with John G. Gibbs, and his journal article Pauline Cosmic Christology and Ecological Crisis with an end goal to see how Paul 's profound comprehension of the cosmetics of Christ ought to change the way we tend to think in regards to His power and majestic might above all. Brief Summary Gibb 's ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 15. The Historical And Cultural Context Of The Book Of Philemon In order to better comprehend the concepts depicted in the book of Philemon it is important to gain an understanding of its historical and cultural context. Philemon was written by the Apostle Paul in approximately 60– 62 A.D while he was imprisoned in Rome. The letter was written to his friend, Philemon, who lived in the city of Colossae. Colossae was once a city of Phrygia, but in the time of the New Testament was part of the Roman province of Asia. In its earlier days, this city was an important location for several historical events. As a matter of fact, "Xerxes, on his march to Sardes, B.C. 481, reached Colossae after leaving Anaua. [ANAUA] The younger Cyrus, on his march from Sardes towards the Euphrates, B.C. 401, passed through Colossae. He crossed the Maeander, and after a march through Phrygia of 8 parasangs from the river, he came to Colossae, a large and prosperous city" (bible history). Its location contributed to its success,having been place in the valley in which the Lycus River conjoins with Maeander River (modern day Turkey), along with two other incredibly important cities: Laodicea and Hierapolis (pad field). This area was relatively wealthy, and the land was fertile with an abundance of pastures that reared greats flocks of sheep. The chalk–like consistency of the water in the Lycus River was suitable for the production of dyes. Subsequently, Colossae became the center of the wool industry and was well known for its dyeing of woolen clothing. Due to the ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 16. The Relationship Between Christians And The Roman Empire The relationship between Christians and the Roman Empire is complicated to say the least. Before the summation of the primary sources begin there must be a little background information provided. Rome was in power over a big portion of the Mediterranean region. A good portion of Christians lived under Rome's rule. Rome was a very tolerant state when it came to religious flexibility. As long as you recognized the Roman God's then they were tolerant with any other practices you decided to have. The Christians would not recognize the Roman God's and that caused great friction. There are many primary sources historians have found on the relationship between the Christians and the Romans. The majority of the sources being used in this summation are from the Documents of the Christian Church the fourth edition. Also three primary sources from the times of Constantine, the emperor of Rome in the fourth century. The Romans start as thinking of the Christians as criminals, to being tolerant with them, to eventually they embrace the Christian faith. According to the sources the Christians were hated by the people of Rome. According to a source, that was written by Tacitus in 64 AD, they were " a class hated for their abominations, who are commonly called criminals......... an immense multitude was convicted, not so much on the charge of arson as because of hatred of the human race." (Tacitus, Annales 1a). They were convicted of crimes due to the fact that the Romans hated them. The ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 17. New Testament Chapter 13 Summary of An Introduction to the New Testament Chapter One–Thinking About The Study of the New Testament The authors of the textbook intend chapter one to be a baseline or at least a starting point for scholars that are possibly studying the New Testament for the first time. The stated "aim" of the chapter is "to provide enough of a framework to make the rest of this textbook, and a lot of other books on the New Testament, a little easier to understand." (23) Highlighted in the chapter are some of the more common criticisms used by scholars today (e.g., form criticism, redaction criticism, textual criticism, and historical criticism, just to name a few), along with some of the key figures throughout history that have utilized such criticisms to help shape scholarly study of the New Testament canon. Chapter... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Carson and Moo make the reader aware of the authorship dispute regarding Ephesians. They point to seven arguments that support the traditional view that Paul wrote it. Likewise, they then draw attention to five argument used by modern scholars to deny Pauline authorship. After the controversies surrounding authorship are covered Carson and Moo move on to another controversy. The section tiled "Destination" is where it is found. Modern scholars argue several theories as to where Paul or whoever they claim the author to be, may have written the letter for. Once claim that has gained traction over the years is that the letter was meant to be a circular letter–a letter circulated among churches. Another claim is that the letter was intended for the Laodiceans, as Marcion thought. Even still, another theory suggests the letter was written as an introduction to all the other letters Paul wrote. After the destination controversy is discussed Carson and Moo close the chapter with a brief discussion regarding Ephesians contribution to ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 18. Paul's Letter To The Romans The Epistle of Paul to the Romans is a letter of introduction to Christianity for the Jews and the Gentiles of Rome. The letter to the Romans is fairly different than a number of other letters that had been written by Paul because this letter is not in response to situations or concerning events that's going on in Rome, rather, it is a little more relaxed and informative. Paul gives to the Romans introductory and foundational information that appears to be somewhat of a precursor for when he arrives and what his ministry will be when he gets to Rome. There are a variety of topics that Paul touched on ranging from God's righteousness, salvation, spiritual growth, and sovereignty of God, which Paul addresses and makes it relatable to the gentiles. The literary elements of Paul's epistle create a letter; the primary and uncontested author is Paul, a self–proclaimed apostle to the gentiles, teaches in his letter about gentiles and Christianity. Paul's letter also focuses on the Jews role in Christianity, how without observing the law that they may still be condemned. Paul uses the example of circumcision, and how it will only have value if that person follows the law, but if they break the law they will ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Paul makes this letter palatable, giving the people numerous examples from the Old Testament. He generally delivers a happy message, addressing some major revelations such as the role of Abraham and how he is connected the people he is addressing in the letter. Relating all people to Abraham is a very insightful interpretation, and it makes sense as well, this really emphasizes that God is there not just for the Jews, but also for all people who have faith. The conclusion of the letter is upbeat with Paul telling how he has always wanted to go to Rome, which is indicative that he will probably develop the concepts he has laid out in his ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 19. Hebrew Epistle: The Hebrew Christians Living In Rome The Hebrew epistle is addressed to the Hebrew Christians living in Rome (Jensen, 408, Heb. 5:11–12). The intense warnings contained in the epistle indicate that the Hebrew Christians were in a backslidden state, in danger of apostatizing from Christ and returning to Judaism (Jensen, p. 408). Specifically, the Hebrew Christians' faith, enthusiasm, and convictions were fading and they neglected prayer, public worship, and the Scriptures (Heb. 3:6, Jensen, p. 408). The Hebrew epistle is addressed to the Hebrew Christians living in Rome (Jensen, 408, Heb. 5:11–12). The intense warnings contained in the epistle indicate that the Hebrew Christians were in a backslidden state, in danger of apostatizing from Christ and returning to Judaism (Jensen, p. 408). Specifically, the Hebrew Christians' faith, enthusiasm, and convictions were fading and they neglected prayer, public worship, and the Scriptures (Heb. 3:6, Jensen, p. 408). As a result, the Hebrew Christians conditions warranted the warning passages to teach them appropriate behavior and avoid violation. They were informed of God's just recompense for sinning against Him (Jensen, p. 409). The Hebrew Christians were suffering with spiritual lethargy and disobedience, so this ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Inspired by the Holy Spirit, Paul records in Romans 5:17–21 that by the offence and disobedience of one man (Adam) death reigned and many were made sinners; therefore, judgment came to all humanity into condemnation,but much more they that receive the abundance of grace, and the gift of righteousness shall reign in life by one: Jesus Christ. Jesus Christ's righteousness provided the free gift of justification of life to all humanity through His obedience.The Law strengthened sin to abound, but where sin abounded, God's grace abounded even the more; so the results of sin is death, but God's grace reigns through righteousness unto eternal life by Jesus Christ Our ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 20. The Epistle Of Philippians The epistle of Philippians is written by Paul with credit given to Timothy. This position is supported by the verse 1 of chapter 1 stating this fact. Pauline authorship had been accepted by the early church fathers Polycarp and Ireaneus, which serves as strong support. However in the 18th century, F. C Baur argued that Philippians may not have been Pauline due the presence of Gnostic doctrines and ideals. He further questions the origin of the epistle due to the statement made in Philippians 1:12, as it could not be proved by using the other prison epistles said to be written in Rome. Nonetheless, the evidence is circumstantial at best and inconsequential at worst. As such, it is generally accepted and no longer disputed that the epistle is instead Pauline. However, the origin of the letter is matter of debate. There are three possibilities as to the origin or location of the writing of Philippians. What is known is that the epistle was written by Paul during one of his three imprisonments. What can be argued is which imprisonment. Paul was imprisoned in Ceasarea for two years (58–60 AD) as account in Acts 28:14–31 by Luke. The mention of the praetorian guard in verse 1:13 could be one clue, as one did exist in Caesarea. However, Paul mentions that he has no appeal in verses 1:19–26. Paul did appeal his jailing in Caesarea. Moveover, there is no strong evidence that favors ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Leaving the Ephesus argument aside, as it only cites travel limitations as a reason, the evidence sides with Rome being the place of origin, placing the date around 61–62 AD during Paul's first ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 21. peter and paul Nickesha Larmond Paul and Peter Background information about Paul Paul whose name was Saul was an early Christian missionary and theologian, known as the Apostle to the Gentiles was born a Jew in Tarsus, Rome. As a minor, he was trained as a rabbi but earned his living as a tentmaker. A zealous Pharisee, he persecuted the first Christians until a vision of Jesus, experienced while on the road to Damascus, converted him to Christianity. Three years later he met St. Peter and Jesus ' brother James and was henceforth recognized as the 13th Apostle. From his base in Antioch, he traveled widely, preaching to the Gentiles. By asserting that non–Jewish disciples of Christ did not have to observe Jewish law, he helped to establish ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Background information about Peter Saint Peter the Apostle, original name Simeon, or Simon (died AD 64, Rome), disciple of Jesus Christ, recognized in the early church as the leader of the disciples and the Roman Catholic Church as the first of its unbroken succession of popes. Peter a fisherman, was called to be a disciple of Jesus at the beginning of his ministry. He received from Jesus an Aramaic appellation Cephas which means "Rock." This was translated into Greek as Petros (from the Greek Petra, "rock") and became a Latin Petrus and the English Peter. Jesus told Peter he was the Rock upon whom the Christian Church would be built. Throughout the public life of Jesus, Peter is represented in the Gospel as the Spokesman and principal member of Jesus' followers. He is the first named in the entire list given of these followers and was present with a privilege at few special occasions, example, the daughter of Jairus brought back to life by Jesus. He was also the first to see Jesus after his resurrection from the dead. Peter baptized the Roman pagan Cornelius and at the council of Jerusalem he gave his support to preaching to gentiles. He was imprisoned by King Herod Agrippa and escaped with the help of an angel. Peter died in Rome during the reign of Emperor Nero. It is said that Peter was crucified on the Vatican Hill upside down because her declared himself ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 22. A Very Brief Look at the New Testament The New Testament is an anthology of twenty–seven ancient writings that describe the life of Jesus Christ and the beginning of the Christian Church. This anthology was not written by just one person, but rather, has several authors, most of whom are known and some of whom are not distinctly known. All of these writings are believed to have been written in the first and second centuries AD from roughly 50AD to 125AD(class notes). The New Testament was mainly written in Greek with some small bits of Aramaic (class notes), but has since been translated into various other languages. This group of writings has been used as both a theological and historical document, while there are no clear lines distinguishing the two. It becomes apparent in studying the New Testament that it is a group of texts discussingJesus Christ as the Son of God, and the origin and spread of Christianity while including a heavy influence of the societies of the authors. The New Testament comes from at least eight different authors who lived during and after the life of Jesus. Each of the writings, while dealing with Jesus, his teachings or the spread of Christianity, has a historical undertone. There are clear bits of historical context throughout the anthology that allow the books to be dated and provide insight to the world of the authors. When the prophetic destruction of the temple in Jerusalem is being discussed in the gospels, it is clear that the authors are discussing the threat of the ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 23. Dialectical Journal Chapter 2 1. Genre / Authorship The genre of this particular portion of Scripture is epistolary. An epistle comes from the Greek word ОµП ЂО№ПѓП„ОїО»О·, which means letter. Originally it refers to oral communication sent by a messenger. Since this epistle was sent from the Apostle Paul, this is a Pauline epistle. There is no serious challenge to the fact that Paul has sent this letter, and Tertius is cited in 16:22 as probably being Paul's amanuensis or scribe. Although, Paul wrote to the church in Rome about precise circumstances found in the beginning and end of the letter (1:1–17; 15:14–16:27), Paul uses questions throughout this letter as literary devices to explain what the gospel really is to his audience, both the Jews and Gentiles alike. This is done... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... This theme links together the end of chapter 3 and chapter 4, and the theme is more accurately "that all peoples are justified by faith." Paul proves this by presenting Abraham in v.1–8, that he was righteous and justified not by his works, but by his faith so he could not boast. David confirms Abraham's righteousness by faith (vv.6–8), and Paul explains that Abraham was righteous before circumcision, but received circumcision to become the father of all believers (vv.9–12). If not for grace, all believers would be based on their adherence to the law, which would result in the wrath of God (vv.13–16). Schreiner organizes this well by presenting that Paul introduces that righteousness is by faith and not by works in 3:27–28, while illustrating his point with Abraham in 4:1–8, and that righteousness by faith is for both Jews and Gentiles in 3:29–30, which is illustrated in 4:19–16. The concluding verses (vv. 17–25) speak of the characteristics of Abraham's faith which was counted to him as righteousness (v.22), and that it was not just for his sake alone, but also for all believers who would be justified by believing in the death and resurrection of the Lord Jesus Christ ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 24. The Value Of Determining The Purpose Of Paul's Epistles I learned that the term epistle means letters, written to encourage followers or churches. Determining the purpose of Paul's epistles, is to declare or define the Christian teaching on a particular matter for the church. In most cases the epistles addressed to particular people at particular times. They were also widely circulated among the churches at large. Philemon was written by Paul to his friend Philemon, asking him to care for his son Osemis. Romans was written to Churches with which Paul was to provide advice and guidance. As a recipient of these epistles, I would consider the value of the message to determine my reaction. Determining ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 25. Analysis of the Message of the New Testament THE MESSAGE OF THE NEW TESTAMENT __________________ A Book Review Presented to Dr. Richard T. Vann, Jr. Dallas Baptist University __________________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for MALA 5366 __________________ by Travis G. Gothard April 14, 2013 Bruce, F. F. The Message of the New Testament. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1973. 120 pp. $10.71.
  • 26. "What is the New Testament?" "Is there one New Testament Message?" F. F. Bruce addresses these questions in his book, The Message of the New Testament. He answers the first question quickly in the prologue stating, "To Christians, it is the second and shorter division of their sacred scriptures, 'God's Word written'" (11). Bruce dedicates this work to answering the... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... All of Paul's epistles speak to God's grace, but in these pastoral letters, Bruce views the main contribution to be the church as a firm foundation on which God stands, a church not merely as "an institution for the dispensing of the means of grace," (44) but a church as a community instructed, practiced, organized and administered as it grows as a "community of ordinary men and women: who have the saving grace of Christ in common and await Jesus' return. In chapter five of his book, Bruce turns to Luke's writings in the Gospel of Luke and the Acts of the apostles where Luke declares Christianity as a faith for the whole world, not just the Jews who pressured the Roman government to execute Jesus. The Gospel of Luke, itself is the gospel to the underprivileged. In defending the faith and Jesus' place in it, Luke presents accounts of Stephen and Paul as a part of his history with Stephen's account launching the Gentile mission (53) and Paul underscoring this mission as the major theological theme of Luke when he voices near the end of his history in Acts 28:28 "Let it be known to you then that this salvation of God has been sent to the Gentiles; they will listen." In fact, though some Romans found it difficult to accept the lordship of Jesus because he was convicted and executed on a charge of sedition against Rome, Luke begins with an emphasis of the Gentile mission by recounting Simeon of ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 27. Greek And Roman Literature.an Epistolary Poem Essay Introduction: Epistolary poems are one of the ancient forms in literature which could be traced in Greek and Roman literature.An epistolary poem is written in a form of letter addressed to an individual or to a society. The term epistleis derived from the Latin term Epistula which means a letter. Poets present their poems in the form of letters appealing to emotions and feelings. Epistolary poems may be objective or subjective, formal or colloquial, directed to an individual or to a general public. It may take any form from heroic couplets to blank verse. While exploring the origin of epistolary form in poetry, the scholars could peg varied themes being dealt in the poems, from Philosophical concepts to daily mundane activities. Letters is a powerful medium that brings people together. Philosophers, sociologists, literary writers widely use the form of epistles to drive home their views and ideas effectively. Exploring the origin of epistolary poems lucidly illumines the fact that poets effuse their thoughts through epistles effectively. Epistolary poems are penned for pedagogical purpose also. The poems of epistles can be objective registering distant views pertaining to social issues or subjective imparting personal feelings and emotions of the writer. Origin of epistolary poems could be traced back to Roman Literature between 43 B.C to 17or 18 A.D when the great Roman poet Ovid wrote Heroides (The Heroines) or EpistulaeHeroidum (letters of Heroines) comprising of ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 28. Paul's Influence On Christianity The Pauline epistles are the fourteen books in the New Testament traditionally attributed to Paul the Apostle. There is wide consensus in modern New Testament scholarship on a core group of authentic Pauline epistles whose authorship is rarely contested: Romans, 1 and 2 Corinthians, Galatians, Philippians, 1 Thessalonians, and Philemon. The several other letters allegedly written by Paul lack academic consensus: Ephesians, Colossians, 2 Thessalonians, 1 & 2 Timothy, and Titus. However, both the real and the fake apostle Paul are of great importance toChristianity and played a major role in spreading this new religion. Paul's influence on Christian thinking arguably has been more significant than any other New Testament author. Paul declared that "Christ is the end of the law", exalted the Christian church as the body of Christ, and depicted the world outside the Church as under judgment. It has been said that if it were not for Paul, Christianity would have remained a small unknown branch of Judaism. Paul was the leading missionary to the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Among that of many other apostles and missionaries involved in the spread of the Christian faith, Paul's influence on Christian thought and practice has been characterized as being as "profound as it is pervasive". Despite the controversies and problems with the authenticity of Paul's epistles, he remains a very important part of the Christian tradition, having an impact in various geographical areas. Justification by faith, the concept that humans are saved from sin by believing in Jesus, is the most important contribution Paul brought to Christianity. His speeches brought together nations into one community, Christians. Being the most important missionary of Jesus Christ, it was Paul who managed to make Christianity a "universal" ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 29. Book Of Romans: Authentic Letter Written By The Apostle Paul 1.Book of Romans: a.Authorship – The epistle of Romans is universally regarded as an authentic letter written by the Apostle Paul (Powell, 222). The book of Romans belongs to a group of letters referred to as the undisputed letters of Paul (Powell, 223). In fact, Paul's name appears as the very first word in the epistle (NRSV, 2007). b.Date – The time of the writing is probable around 57 or 58 CE (Powell, 258). These dates correlate nicely with the end of Paul's third missionary trip (NRSV Acts 20:2–3). The emperor Claudius had expelled all Jews from Rome in 49 CE because of constant disturbances associated with the name "Chrestus" (NRSV, 2007). Claudius died in 54 CE permitting Jewish Christians to return to Rome and rejoin Gentile Christians that had remained (NRSV, 2008). c. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Place (where was it written and where was it received) – Many scholars believe that Paul was in Corinth nearing the end of his third missionary journey when the letter was composed (Powell, 258). Paul traveled from Ephesus to Corinth where he remained for three months allowing time for the composition of the epistle (NRSV, 2007). The letter was received by an unidentified Christian church in or near Rome. d.Audience – Romans may be the only letter that was written to a group of people that Paul does not know (Powell, 256). He introduces himself to the congregation of a church that he has yet to visit in Rome, the capital city of the Roman Empire. The Church was probably comprised of both Jewish and Gentile Christians. e.Exigence (why was it written) – Paul wishes to introduce himself to these Roman Christians in preparation for a future visitation; gather support for a possible fourth missionary journey to Spain; solicit their prayers for his upcoming visit to Jerusalem; and offer his pastoral counsel regarding any current or future problems that may arise (Powell, ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 30. Paul's Contribution to Christianity It seems strange that so little is known biographically about one of the most important figures in Christian history, but this only serves to add to the mystery and grandeur surrounding the Apostle Paul of Tarsus. Much, however, is known of the time after his conversion to Christ and what he did to contribute to Christianity in this period, and it is this that leaves a greater legacy than the simple facts of his life. The contributions that he made towards the cause of Christ and the spreading and formation of Christianity are what he is perennially remembered for. Paul is remembered as a missionary and church planter. He undertook three extensive missionary journeys, estimated to have taken place in A.D. 44, 49 and 53. He spent much ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Paul was not fighting against the Law of Moses – he knew the law, and that obeying the commandments would lead to happiness. But he also knew that Christ had come to fulfil the law as messiah, and to reconcile the world to himself (2 Corinthians 5:19). He did not interpose rejection of the law, but was polemical of Jewish Christians excluding Gentiles on grounds such as circumcision. As he was later to say of the event, "There is neither Jew nor Greek, slave nor free, male nor female, for you are all one in Christ Jesus." (Galatians 3:28) This teaching has impacted Christianity in history through the lives of individuals but most significantly through the Reformation of the 16th Century. Martin Luther was strongly convicted on this issue, seeing it as the epitome of Paul's teachings. Because Luther stood for this issue unfalteringly, he was persecuted and excommunicated. He and his followers formed the Protestant Church, turning away from Catholicism in disgust at their practices of indulgences to gain salvation, making his mantra, "the just shall live by faith." (Hab. 2:4, Rom. 1:17) This was scripture that Paul had restated in his most famous and complete theological epistle, Romans. This influence of Paul brought about conflict, but also good and freedom, and a new expression of Christianity. Today, Catholic and Protestant churches still hold different views ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 31. The Pauline Epistles I Essay Our source of knowledge of the apostolic work of Paul comes first from the Book of Acts. The epistles written by Paul serve to further our knowledge of his mission. These letters were written to churches that he had founded or churches that were known to him. Luke's account of Paul introduces us to the basic facts about this important biblical figure. A more complete understanding of Paul's journeys can be gleaned from his letters. These epistles were written almost at the time they occurred and they comprise some of the earliest works contained in the New Testament. These letters had already been written when Luke wrote the Book of Acts, but a close reading indicates that they are independent of one another. Paul wrote letters to... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... It may explain why he mentions in Galatians 6.11, that he wrote in 'large letters'. It was perhaps a reference used to prove that he wrote the letter and that it was not forged. Speculation points to a physical ailment such as bad eyesight but that seems unlikely considering other scripture. PAUL'S BACKGROUND An examination of the Pauline epistles should begin with an examination of the author. Saul of Tarsus was a Jewish official a Pharisee. Saul was a persecutor of Christians and an eyewitness to the stoning of Steven. "And cast him out of the city, and stoned him: and the witnesses laid down their clothes at a young man's feet, whose name was Saul." (Acts 7.58 King James Version) He had a vision on the road to Damascus and was blinded. God sent Ananias to heal Saul of his affliction. God also sent Paul a vision of Ananias to let him know that he would be healed. Paul did not learn the Gospel from other men. He received his knowledge directly from Jesus.Paul is developing and spreading the doctrine of the Church in his letters. The body of Christ (the Church) is being revealed in his letters to the seven churches. Paul's revelations about the Church concerned its heavenly calling, promise and destiny. The administration and organization of the Church was revealed to us through the apostle Paul. ROMANS The Book of Romans was written around 57–58 A.D. Paul was writing to the Church in Rome from Corinth. It had long been his desire to go to Rome to ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 32. The Didache Today, Christians around the globe try to figure out how they can become good, obedient Christians. Some look to the Ten Commandments received at the top of Mount Sinai. Others, try to model their lives around the teachings and parables Jesus spoke to his followers. Yet few Christians, realize that the Didache, also known as the Teaching of the Twelve Disciples, gives the reader an idea on how to be a good person just like the Ten Commandments and Jesus. The Two Ways of the Didache advise people on how to live their lives to become better Christians. The Didache is a sixteen chapter book, separated into four separate parts. The book covers a range of topics from how to be an ethical Christian to basic rituals conducted within the Church. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... The next line states that we should love God who created us in his likeness and image. (Cruttwell) After referring to what is known as the Shema, the author advises the reader to love their neighbor like you love yourself (Cruttwell). Known as the Great Commandment, variations can be found in both the Old and New Testaments of the Bible. All of the gospels, excluding John, give a general idea of the commandment through the words of Jesus. In the gospel of Matthew, Jesus speaks this great commandment to a lawyer, saying, "You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your mind. This is the great and first commandment. And a second is like it, you shall love your neighbor as yourself."(Matthew) In the Gospel of Luke, Jesus has a similar answer saying, "You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your strength, and with all your mind; and your neighbor as yourself."(Luke) In the Old Testament, Leviticus and Deuteronomy of the Pentateuch give a part of this Great Commandment. Leviticus talks of loving and reasoning with one's neighbor, but does not mention God. (Leviticus) Deuteronomy, however, talks about loving God with all your heart, but avoids loving thy neighbor. (Deuteronomy). With the Didache acting as a book of guidance, it is understandable to see a form of the Great Commandment as an important rule to live by. The inclusion of the commandment in all these forms of writing shows just how valuable it was to the Apostles at the time, and gives us an idea as to why it is included in the Two Ways of the Didache. After the Shema and the Great Commandment, the Didache informs the reader that all things whatsoever you do not wish to be done to you, those do not you to another. (Cruttwell) This axiom is known as the ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 33. The Book Of Romans Is Identified As An Epistle The genre of the book of Romans is identified as an epistle. It is essential to recognize the related interpretive principles when interpreting this kind of genre. Read the epistle in its entirety in one sitting to understand the intent of the letter. It is particularly profitable to also consider paragraphs as being the main units of thought. Follow the logical development of the argument as the letter progresses. Historical context is of vital importance when studying an epistle. No serious scholar today questions that Paul is the author of Romans. Dating ancient letters is notably difficult, but in the case of Romans we can securely pinpoint the letter between A.D. 55 and 58. Paul composed the epistle to the Romans during his stay in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... The Gentiles were filled with contempt for the Jews for their failure to realize that Christ had freed believers from the law. Paul wanted the Jews and the Gentiles to understand that forging unity out of differences is important to bring peace to the church. Paul summarizes his doctrine of salvation in a deeper way compared to the other epistles to solve existing problems in the Roman church. Not only is it important to learn about the historical context behind the passage in Romans, but we also must view the literary context. Understanding the literary context of Romans is an important part of the interpretation process. The epistle is the dominant literary genre of the New Testament in terms of space; 21 out of the 27 books are characterized as epistles. The epistle is a mixed form that combines literary and expository features. The usual New Testament epistle is composed of five main parts: 1) an opening or salutation; 2) thanksgiving; 3) body of letter; 4) moral exhortations; and 5) closing with final greetings and benediction. Paul wrote this letter to Rome during his ministry in Corinth. About a year earlier, he had written 1 Corinthians after hearing terrible news regarding opposition against him in the Corinthian church during his ministry in Ephesus. 2 Corinthians was probably written just a month or two before Paul's visit to Corinth. This was a joyful time for him because much of the trouble he had experienced from the ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 34. Sermon On The Mount Tone In A.D. 27, Apostles Matthew recorded a sermon that Jesus had once delivered. The sermon was called, "The Sermon on the Mount", this letter was teachings of Jesus. In this sermon he spoke from his heart to always follow the Ten Commandments. Jesus did not present this sermon in a synagogue like teachers and prophets would do instead, he would preach in the open air. This sermon is known to be one of the most famous sermonsJesus has ever given. Around A.D. 57, Paul in contact with Jesus' teaching which completely changed his life. He changed his religion toChristianity from Judaism. Paul went to spread the Gospel of Jesus throughout the Roman world. Paul decided to go traveling; while he was traveling he wrote an epistle to the Romans. In ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Paul in his Epistle to the Romans was different because of the message. Many people would think that the messages are similar, but they are not. In the sermon, The Sermon on the Mount, Jesus states, "The message in the Sermon is set firmly within the Jewish tradition. Jesus urges his listeners to a commitment to righteousness, which he defines with poignant simplicity." (93) The message in this sermon is basically that Jesus wanted to touch his listeners by his words by always doing what is right and equal. Jesus wanted peace within everyone. In St. Paul's Epistle to the Romans, he states, "The Epistle to the romans was sent to one of the Christian congregation in Rome and set out many of Paul's central theological views." (96) Basically, the massage of the letter of Paul was to for Roman to agree with him on his central theological views. Paul messages was only to people that believed in God, he did not care about the ones that did not believe him. Jesus and Paul's messages were different because they had different ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 35. What Is The Purpose Of Romans 6: 1-14 The Epistles were not composed for the purpose of being freely applied to ones life in any way that the person wishes. There is a specific meaning or lesson involved within each passage. Romans 6:1–14 fits into the context of Paul speaking to the Romans on behalf of the division in the community; along with him clarifying the gospel and how it should be lived out. This particular passage specifically communicates the unity with Christ through His death and Resurrection. Along with illustrating what the actions of dying and being resurrected with Christ look like in a person's life. The identity Christians possess when they are reborn is addressed in this passage as well. The first interpretive principle for Romans is to read the whole ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 36. Paul To The Galatians The epistle of Paul to the Galatians has been view as one of the most critical t historical record of the early church history written during Christianity's foundational period and initial expansion. Known as one of the most important religious documents ever written, this book was written by Paul who wrote this epistle to a number of congregations that existed in a Roman province of Galatia. As Dunn states, this epistle has help to establish Paul's authority as well as to shape the character and self–perception of early Christianity. Of all Paul's epistles, the letter has been the least challenged of the Pauline corpus with most scholars as well as the early church fathers regarding it as an authentic letter of Paul. According to Guthrie, ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 37. The First Reason Is Not Written By An Apostle In the beginning of the "Preface to James" from Luther Works, he provides his personal opinion about the epistle, James. He believes that James is a good book, although not written by an apostle. Luther makes these claims because of two main reasons. The first reason is " It is flatly against St.Paul and all the rest of Scripture in ascribing justification to works". (Luther, "Preface")He explains how James and St.Paul have a complex differentiation between Abraham and his works. James teaches that Abraham was justified by his works when he offered his son Isaac (2:20). However, in Romans 4:22–22 St.Paul states that Abraham was justified apart from works, by his faith alone, before he offers his son. Further behind the two scriptures, St. Paul provides proof by Moses in Genesis 15:6. This proof can not be denied by the epistle and sets him in his place without the title as an apostle. Luther 's second reason is " It 's purpose is to teach Christians, but in all this long teaching it does not once mention the Passion, the Resurrection, or the Spirit of Christ." (Luther, "Preface")James was known for spreading the word of God, although this good work was not approved of Luther. He comes to the understanding that James cared about his faith with God, but did not preach about the most important events about Jesus. Luther acknowledges his belief that " Whatever does not teach Christ is not yet apostolic."(Luther, "Preface) His article comes to an end with his conclusion that ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 38. Thirteen Epistles Of Ephesians The Apostle Paul wrote thirteen epistles, also called letters, that can be found in the New Testament (Demarest, 2018, no pg.). There has been some debate that the epistles of Ephesians, First Timothy, Second Timothy, Titus, Colossians and Second Thessalonians were pseudonymously written in Paul's name, but that he was not the actual author. There seems to be discrepancies about the attitude that Paul conveyed towards women in the church between the letters known to be written by him, and the ones that were not. The letters known to be written by Paul convey Jesus's message that everyone is to be welcome in worship, including women. In Romans 16:1–2 Paul wrote, I commend to you our sister Phoebe of the Church at Cenchreae, that you may welcome ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 39. Pauline Epistles Influence On Christianity Possibly Paul's most significant mark on Christianity, his authorship of the Pauline Epistles which influenced the first stages of the international development of Christianity. The Pauline Epistles were a series of letters written by Paul, not only giving guidance to early Christians, but most importantly, permanently clarifying the Soteriology of Christianity. Paul's most important series of letters is considered to specifically be the Epistle to the Romans (https://www.blueletterbible.org 2015). In writing this, Paul summarises the core beliefs of Christianity, explaining the belief of Jesus Christ and the resurrection in a few short sentences. (Romans 1:3–5). Further on, Paul writes about the Power of the Gospel (Romans 1:16), the Guild of Humankind (referring to humanities misunderstanding of God) (Romans 1:18), but most importantly, Paul speaks about the concept of "Love for One Another" (Romans 13:6). ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Furthermore in Paul's First Epistle to the Corinthians, Paul informs the Christian communities on the subjects of sexual immorality, offering food to idols, and other simple guidelines. Embedded in 1 Corinthians 15:3–6, is Paul's most important message to his fellow brethrens, reminding them of the importance of the death and resurrection of Christ, as well as mentioning his conversion experience. These are all quintessential examples of Paul's personal effect on Christianity's spread and assertion. As an example, Paul sparked the popularity of the quote "Love your neighbor as yourself" (http:/ /www.allaboutgod.com/ 2002–2015), as his letter would have been very contraversial, and therefore very well known at the ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 40. Romans Nine Epistles Emphasizing the passion of Christ and the power of the Gospel, the Pauline Epistles expressed pure ministry from Paul's humble heart. The nine epistles written from Romans to 2 Thessalonians are directed towards the church, while four epistles, 1 and 2 Timothy, Titus, and Philemon, contain more of a personal and pastoral side to things. Though, to focus in on just one of these, the book of Romans puts an emphasis on the message of the Gospel. It is perceived that Paul wrote the book of Romans around A.D. 57–58 with the purpose of reaching the Romans with the good news. Romans 16:25 (ESV) – "Now to him who is able to strengthen you according to my gospel and the preaching of Jesus Christ, according to the revelation of the mystery that was kept ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 41. Paul Of Tarsus Essay St Paul of Tarsus plays a significant role in Christianity, explicitly in the development of his Christian theology. Most of his teaching on Christianity is his amplifications and explanations of the teachings of Jesus, which openly invite individuals into the life of Christ in great detail. Paul's remarkable writing capabilities leave a lasting impact upon Christianity in the past and present context, through the widespread themes in his epistles to the missionary journey. St Paul of Tarsus writings has shaped the way Christians should live in response to Christ's life, death, and resurrection. Paul's written work, such as his Epistles in the new testament highlight the importance of Christian unity in the modern Christian life. He helped ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... The common misconception in Paul epistles is his wish to repress females and only to serve and listen to their husband. This is often supported in 1 Corinthians 14:34–35 "women should remain silent in the churches. They are not allowed to speak, but must be in submission, as the law says. If they want to inquire about something they should ask their own husbands at home; for it is disgraceful for a woman to speak in the church". However most of Paul's teaching on women are rather radical and forward–thinking for his time. This is seen in Romans 16:1–2 "our sister, who is [also] a minister of the church at Cenchreae...[and] a benefactor to many and to me as well.". In this particular passage, Phoebe is commended for hand–carrying the letter to Rome and further explaining the content of the letter to the listeners. She was clearly important to Paul and to his missionary journey. Despite Paul's perceived negativity about women in the church, he appreciates and respect women. Paul's teaching about the role of women in church is his opinion that the new age has begun, and has been an ongoing impact to the world. He does this by bringing the life of Christ alive, seen in Romans 8:2 "The law of the Spirit of life in Christ Jesus has set us free from the law of sin and ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 42. Apostle Paul and The Good News 1 E. C. Mitchell BIBL 110 B11 LUO Biblical World View Essay September 15, 2014 Apostle Paul and the Good News Introduction Dr. Elmer Towns and his co–author Ben Gutierrez in their book "In Essence of the New Testament: A Survey" supports the idea and the importance of all Christians grasping the knowledge put forth in the book of Romans. Biblical educators such as Samuel Coleridge and Martin Luther holds Paul's epistle to the Romans in high esteem (Towns & Gutierrez, 2012). They refer to as "the most profound work in existence and "the purest gospel (Towns & Gutierrez, 2012). These claims are evident when reading Paul's epistles in the book of Romans, one can feel Jesus Christ's inspiration in his words and message. In Romans 1:6 –7 ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... He holds no secrets from those who are the open to the Gospel of Christ. It's safe to say that Romans is Paul's world view, once captured by the power of Jesus, he devoted his entire being to spreading the Gospel of Jesus Christ. Paul, an evil doer repented and gave his life to Christ. Paul is the example of the miracle of what happens when one accepts Jesus as Lord and Savior. God will pass judgment on those who disobey his calling to live a Christ like life (Romans 2:1–15) yet rewards those who accepts His alignment. Human Identity and Relationships Human identity and where we came from has been shared in Genesis (1:26) when God states "lets create them, man and woman in our own image" Paul reiterates the identity of humans and our relationships to each other, when he shares that humans are the descendants of Adam and Eve. He speaks on how sin passed down from generation to generation and that God turned humans over to themselves and their wickedness (Romans 1:26). God sent Jesus to save us for our repentance with the promise to those who choose to follow Him will be saved (Romans 5–6). 4 Culture and Living Paul tells us of the culture that God expects of humans, he says God wants humans to live happy and righteous lives in honor of Jesus Christ. Humans
  • 43. should live in the culture of Christ. Treating others well in our deeds. Living a Non–Judgmental life, we are not to judge others. We are to help ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...