The document summarizes the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) established by the United Nations in 2000 and provides an update on progress towards achieving the goals by 2015. It discusses the eight MDGs, which included targets related to poverty reduction, education, gender equality, child and maternal health, HIV/AIDS, and environmental sustainability. While significant progress was made in areas like reducing poverty and improving access to water, not all targets were fully met by the 2015 deadline. In 2015, the UN then adopted 17 new Sustainable Development Goals to build on the momentum and lessons of the MDGs to tackle economic, social and environmental challenges through 2030.

2. Presented by :
Anubha Pal
M.Sc. Nursing 1st year
SNGNC, IGMC, SHIMLA

3.  In September 2000 Representative from 189
countries met at the Millennium Summit in New
York , to adopt United Nations Millennium
Declaration.
 The leaders made specific commitments in seven
areas: peace security and disarmament,
development and poverty eradication: protecting
our common environment, human rights,
democracy and good governance, protecting the
vulnerable: meeting the special needs of Africa
and strengthens the United Nations.

4.  The road map established goals and targets to be
reached by the year 2015 in the seven areas. The goal in
the area of development and poverty eradication are
now widely referred to as The Millennium
Development Goals.
 The MDGs place health at the heart of the development
and represents the commitment by government
throughout the world to do more to reduction in
poverty and hunger and to tackle the ill health, gender
inequality, lack of education, access to the clean water
and environmental degradation. Thus three of eight
goals are directly health related and all of other goals
have important indirect effects on health

5. The Millennium Development Goals have been
set by the United Nations and health has been
identified as a significant area of concern.
It helps in the developments of national
policies focusing on the poor, and help track
the performance of health programmes and
systems.
Government have set a date of 2015 by which
they which they would met the MDGs.

8.  Target 1.A: Between 1990 and
2015, halve the proportion of
people whose income is less
than $1.25 a day
 Target 1.B: Achieve full and
productive employment and
decent work for all, including
women and young people
 Target 1.C: Between 1990 and
2015, halve the proportion of
people who suffer from hunger.

10. The number of people living on less than $1.25
a day has been reduced from 1.9 billion in
1990 to 836 million in 2015, although the
target of halving the proportion of people
suffering from hunger was narrowly missed

12. Target 2.A: Ensure that, by
2015, children everywhere,
boys and girls alike, will be
able to complete a full course
of primary schooling

14. Primary school enrolment figures have shown
an impressive rise, but the goal of achieving
universal primary education has just been
missed, with the net enrolment rate increasing
from 83% in 2000 to 91% this year

16. Target 3.A: Eliminate
gender disparity in
primary and secondary
education, preferably by
2005, and in all levels of
education no later than
2015

19. About two-thirds of developing countries have
achieved gender parity in primary education

21. Target 4.A: Reduce by
two thirds, between
1990 and 2015, the
under-five mortality rate

23. The child mortality rate has reduced by more
than half over the past 25 years – falling from
90 to 43 deaths per 1,000 live births – but it has
failed to meet the MDG target of a drop of
two-thirds

25. Target 5.A: Reduce by three
quarters, between 1990 and
2015, the maternal mortality
ratio.
 Target 5.B: Achieve, by
2015, universal access to
reproductive health.

27. The global maternal mortality ratio has fallen
by nearly half – short of the two-thirds
reduction the MDGs aimed for.

29.  Target 6.A: Have halted by
2015 and begun to reverse
the spread of HIV/AIDS
 Target 6.B: Achieve, by
2010, universal access to
treatment for HIV/AIDS
for all those who need it
 Target 6.C: Have halted by
2015 and begun to reverse
the incidence of malaria
and other major diseases

31. The target of halting and beginning to reverse
the spread of HIV/Aids by 2015 has not been
met, although the number of new HIV
infections fell by around 40% between 2000
and 2013.

33.  Target 7.A: Integrate the principles of sustainable development
into country policies and programmes and reverse the loss of
environmental resources
 Target 7.B: Reduce biodiversity loss, achieving, by 2010, a
significant reduction in the rate of loss.
 Target 7.C: Halve, by 2015, the proportion of the population
without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic
sanitation .
 Target 7.D: Achieve, by 2020, a significant improvement in the
lives of at least 100 million slum dwellers

35. Some 2.6 billion people have gained access to
improved drinking water since 1990, so the
target of halving the proportion of people
without access to improved sources of water
was achieved in 2010 – five years ahead of
schedule. However, 663 million people across
the world still do not have access to improved
drinking water.

37.  Target 8.A: Develop further an
open, rule-based, predictable, non-
discriminatory trading and
financial system
 Target 8.B: Address the special
needs of least developed countries
 Target 8.C: Address the special
needs of landlocked developing
countries and small island
developing States

38.  Target 8.D: Deal comprehensively with
the debt problems of developing
countries
 Target 8.E: In cooperation with
developing countries , develop and
implement strategies for decent and
productive work for the youth.
 Target 8.F: In cooperation with
pharmaceutical companies, provide
access to affordable essential drugs in
developing countries.
 Target 8.G: In cooperation with the
private sector, make available benefits of
new technologies, especially information
and communications

40. Between 2000 and 2014, overseas development
assistance from rich nations to developing
countries increased by 66% in real terms, and
in 2013 reached the record figure of $134.8bn

41.  Poverty Alleviation Initiative : Rural and Urban
 National food for work program: it has been launched
in 2004, in 150 most backward districts of the country,
identified by the planning commission in consultation
with the ministry of rural development and state
governments.
 Sampoorna Grameen Rozgar Yojana (Total Rural
Employment Scheme) launched in India in 2001. This
programe provides additional wages employment in the
rural areas for food security and nutritional
improvement. The program is self targeting in nature in
rural areas who live below the poverty line.

42.  Swarnajayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana:
Launched in 1999. This aims to assist poor
families above poverty line by organising self help
groups by social mobilization, training, capacity
building.
 Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment
Gurantee Act: It is an Indian law that aims to
gurantee the “right to work” and ensure livelihood
security in rural areas by providing atleast 100
days of guranteed wage employment in a financial
year to every household.

43.  Indira Awas Yojana: the scheme for constrution of
houses to rural poor, free of cost. Under this scheme,
financial assistance worth 35000 in plain areas and
38500 in difficult areas is provided to construct houses.
 National Slum Development Program (1996):
comprehensive program which provide basic sanitation,
water supply facilities and educational opportunities to
the urban slum areas. The objectives of this program
was upgradation of urban slums by providing physical
amenities such as water supply, storm water drains,
community bath, widening and paving of existing lanrs,
ewers, street lights etc.

44. Swarnjayanti Shahri Swarozgar Yojana:
aims to provide employment to urban poor
through self employment ventures or provision
of wage employment.
Valmiki Ambedkar Awaas Yojana: housing
scheme to provide shelter or upgrade existing
shelters for poor people below poverty line in
urban slums.

45.  Nutrition Initiatives:
i. ICDS program
ii. Targeted public distribution systems.
iii. Antyodya Anna Yojana
iv. Mid day meal program
v. Food for work program
vi. Annapurna scheme for aged.

46.  Gender And Poverty:
1. Rashtriya Mahila Kosh
2. Support for training and employment program
(STEP) for women.
3. 40%of benefits under the Swarnjayanti Gram
Swarozgar Yojana are earmarked for rural
women.
4. Program for women empowerment.
5. Occupational legislation protecting women
6. 33.3% reservation for women in rural and urban
local bodies.

47.  Initiatives Towards Education:
1. National policy on education 1986.
2. SARVA SHIKSHA ABHIYAN 2002.
3. National program for education of girls at
elementary level which was the part of SSA.
4. Programs for early childhood care education: ICDS,
Balwadi etc.
5. Mid day meal scheme for school children (1995)
6. Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalaya Scheme 2001:
residential school with boarding facilities at
elementary level for girls belonging to SC, ST, other
backward classes.

48. Reducing child mortality
1. National programs: ARI control program,
Diarrheal diseases control program, IMNCI
2. Newborn care
3. Anemia control program.

49.  Reducing maternal mortality:
1. Nutritional anemia prophylaxis
2. Essential obstetric care
3. Promoting safe deliveries and training dais.
4. Safe abortion/ medial termination of pregnancy
5. Training of MBBS doctor in obstetric and
anesthetic skills.
6. Setting up of blood storage facilities in first referral
units.
7. Janani Suraksha Yojana
8. Promoting health care delivery at door steps
through ASHA’s under NRHM

50. Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other
diseases:
i. National AIDS Control Program.
ii. Behavioural sentinel surveillance survey.
iii. National vector-borne disease control
program.

51. Ensure environmental sustainability:
i. Urban water supply scheme.
ii. Water and sanitation scheme for urban slum
dwellers.
iii. National urban renewal mission.
iv. Urban infrastructure development scheme for
medium and small towns.
v. Total sanitation campaign

52. Global infrastructure for development:
i. Information and communication technology
ii. Telecom sector development
iii. Communication access to telecom services.
iv. Private sector participation
v. Use of personal computers
vi. Increasing internet users per 100 population

55. At the United Nations Sustainable
Development Summit on 25 September 2015,
world leaders adopted the 2030 Agenda for
Sustainable Development, which includes a set
of 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
and 169 targets. Transforming our world: the
2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.

56. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
were born at the United Nations Conference on
Sustainable Development in Rio de Janeiro in
2012. The objective was to produce a set of
universal goals that meet the urgent
environmental, political and economic
challenges facing our world

57. The SDGs replace the Millennium Development
Goals (MDGs), which started a global effort in
2000 to tackle the indignity of poverty. The
MDGs established measurable, universally-
agreed objectives for tackling extreme poverty
and hunger, preventing deadly diseases, and
expanding primary education to all children,
among other development priorities

58.  For 15 years, the MDGs drove progress in several
important areas: reducing income poverty,
providing much needed access to water and
sanitation, driving down child mortality and
drastically improving maternal health. They also
kick-started a global movement for free primary
education, inspiring countries to invest in their
future generations. Most significantly, the MDGs
made huge strides in combatting HIV/AIDS and
other treatable diseases such as malaria and
tuberculosis.

59. More than 1 billion people have been lifted out
of extreme poverty (since 1990)
Child mortality dropped by more than half
(since 1990)
The number of out of school children has
dropped by more than half (since 1990)
HIV/AIDS infections fell by almost 40 percent
(since 2000)

61. TARGETS:
• By 2030, eradicate extreme poverty
for all people everywhere, currently
measured as people living on less
than $1.25 a day
• By 2030, ensure that all men and
women, in particular the poor and the
vulnerable, have equal rights to
economic resources, as well as access
to basic services, ownership and
control over land and other forms of
property, inheritance, natural
resources, appropriate new
technology and financial services

62. TARGETS:
• By 2030, end hunger and ensure access by
all people, in particular the poor and
people in vulnerable situations, including
infants, to safe, nutritious and sufficient
food all year round
• By 2030, end all forms of malnutrition,
including achieving, by 2025, the
internationally agreed targets on stunting
and wasting in children under 5 years of
age, and address the nutritional needs of
adolescent girls, pregnant and lactating
women and older persons

63. TARGETS:
• By 2030, reduce the global
maternal mortality ratio to less
than 70 per 100,000 live births.
• By 2030, end preventable deaths of
newborns and children under 5
years of age, with all countries
aiming to reduce neonatal
mortality to at least as low as 12
per 1,000 live births and under-5
mortality to at least as low as 25
per 1,000 live births

64. • By 2030, end the epidemics of AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria
and neglected tropical diseases and combat hepatitis, water-
borne diseases and other communicable diseases
• By 2030, reduce by one third premature mortality from non-
communicable diseases through prevention and treatment
and promote mental health and well-being
Strengthen the prevention and treatment of substance abuse,
including narcotic drug abuse and harmful use of alcohol
By 2020, halve the number of global deaths and injuries
from road traffic accidents. By 2030, ensure universal
access to sexual and reproductive health-care services,
including for family planning.

65. TARGETS:
• By 2030, ensure that all girls and boys
have access to quality early childhood
development, care and preprimary
education so that they are ready for
primary education
• By 2030, eliminate gender disparities in
education and ensure equal access to all
levels of education and vocational
training for the vulnerable, including
persons with disabilities, indigenous
peoples and children in vulnerable
situations

66. TARGETS:
• End all forms of discrimination against
all women and girls everywhere
• Eliminate all forms of violence against
all women and girls in the public and
private spheres, including trafficking
and sexual and other types of
exploitation
• Eliminate all harmful practices, such as
child, early and forced marriage and
female genital mutilation
• Ensure universal access to sexual and
reproductive health and reproductive
rights

67. TARGET
• By 2030, achieve universal and
equitable access to safe and
affordable drinking water for all
• By 2030, improve water quality
by reducing pollution,
eliminating dumping and
minimizing release of hazardous
chemicals and materials, halving
the proportion of untreated
wastewater and substantially
increasing recycling and safe
reuse globally

68. TARGET:
• By 2030, ensure
universal access to
affordable, reliable
and modern energy
services

72. • By 2030, ensure access for all to
adequate, safe and affordable
housing and basic services and
upgrade slums.
• By 2030, significantly reduce the
number of deaths and the number
of people affected and substantially
decrease the direct economic losses
relative to global gross domestic
product caused by disasters,
including water-related disasters,
with a focus on protecting the poor
and people in vulnerable situations

74. • By 2025, prevent and
significantly reduce
marine pollution of all
kinds, in particular
from land-based
activities, including
marine debris and
nutrient pollution

77. • Significantly reduce
all forms of violence
and related death
rates everywhere.
• Substantially reduce
corruption and
bribery in all their
forms

79. Mnemonic for SDG: 4(PC) 2(HIL) GEJ
P: No Poverty, Protect planet, Peace & justice,
Partnership
C: Clean water, Clean energy, Sustainable Cities,
Reduce Consumption
H: No Hunger, Good Health (Goal 3)
I : Innovation, Reduce Inequalities,
L: Life on ocean, Life on land
G: Gender equality
E: Quality Education
J: Jobs and Economic growth

80. In September 2015 world leaders adopted Agenda 2030 and the
Sustainable Development Goals, putting the world on a path
towards a more prosperous, inclusive, and environmentally
sustainable future. The SDGs provide a set of quantitative
goals, which can serve as a framework for local and national
governments to pull in a common direction.
The shift to sustainable development is an opportunity for urban
and local governments to leapfrog traditional development
trajectories to more inclusive, environmentally sustainable, and
economically successful development pathways. By leading
this global shift towards sustainable development, cities stand
to improve not only their quality of life, but also to become
attractive investment hubs and political leaders in their own
right

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