The MDGs were established in 2000 following the Millennium Summit and Millennium Declaration. They consist of 8 goals to reduce poverty, hunger, disease, illiteracy, and environmental degradation by 2015. However, the goals were not developed through open government debate, but rather by UN agencies and experts, so their intergovernmental legitimacy is unclear. Progress toward the goals has been uneven, with some countries achieving many but others none. A 2010 UN conference reviewed progress and adopted plans to fully achieve the goals by 2015 through initiatives in health, poverty reduction, and development.
2013
An overview of the current process and its implications for UNESCO. Slides from one of the presentations at the General Conference this year during the first two weeks of November when over 190 countries send their delegates to address the business of UNESCO – educational, scientific and cultural.
2013
An overview of the current process and its implications for UNESCO. Slides from one of the presentations at the General Conference this year during the first two weeks of November when over 190 countries send their delegates to address the business of UNESCO – educational, scientific and cultural.
Millions of people’s lives have improved due to concerted global, regional, national and local efforts to achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), which serve as the foundation for the next global development agenda, according to the report launched by the Secretary-General on 7 July 2014.
For more information:
http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/publications/mdg-report-2014.html#more-873
Millennium Development Goal progress report 2014, The
Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) were a pledge
to uphold the principles of human dignity, equality and
equity, and free the world from extreme poverty. The
MDGs, with eight goals and a set of measurable timebound
targets, established a blueprint for tackling the
most pressing development challenges of our time. This report examines the latest progress towards
achieving the MDGs. It reaffirms that the MDGs
have made a profound difference in people’s lives.
Global poverty has been halved five years ahead of
the 2015 timeframe. Ninety per cent of children in
developing regions now enjoy primary education, and
disparities between boys and girls in enrolment have
narrowed. Remarkable gains have also been made in
the fight against malaria and tuberculosis, along with
improvements in all health indicators. The likelihood of
a child dying before age five has been nearly cut in half
over the last two decades. That means that about 17,000
children are saved every day. We also met the target
of halving the proportion of people who lack access to
improved sources of water.
Bangladesh's progress on the MDGs
Bangladesh has already met several targets of the MDGs like reducing poverty gap ratio, attaining gender parity at primary and secondary education, under-five mortality rate reduction, containing HIV infection with access to antiretroviral drugs, children under five sleeping under insecticide treated bed nets, detection and cure rate of tuberculosis under directly observed treatment short course and others. In addition, Bangladesh has made remarkable progress in the areas of poverty reduction, reducing the prevalence of underweight children, increasing enrolment at primary schools, lowering the infant mortality rate and maternal mortality ratio, improving immunization coverage and reducing the incidence of communicable diseases.
The Household Income and Expenditure Survey of 2010 data show that the incidence of poverty is declining at a rate of 2.47 percent per year since 1991-92 in Bangladesh. It can be said that the target of halving the population living below the poverty line is already achieved in 2012.On the other hand, areas in need of greater attention are hunger-poverty reduction and employment generation, increases in primary school completion and adult literacy rates, creation of decent wage employment for women, increase in the presence of skilled health professionals at delivery, increase in correct and comprehensive knowledge on HIV/AIDS, increase in forest coverage, and coverage of information and communication technology.
United Nations Millennium Development Goals: the story so farDr Anoop Swarup
What are the achievements on the 15 year promise? : not yet, as there is a lot that is yet to be done and the priority is to urgently redefine our goals for the post 2015 agenda, taking cue from the UNDP-CII Consultation by Prof Anoop Swarup on the 23rd of Jan 2013
From MDGs to SDGs: Implementation, Challenges and Opportunities in NigeriaMabel Tola-Winjobi
Poverty, hunger, starvation and diseases were the major challenges facing the developing nations while the developed economies seemed to be enjoying the benefits of development including human rights, democracy, and good governance.
At the turn of the century, world leaders came together
at the United Nations and agreed on a bold vision for
the future through the Millennium Declaration. The
Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) were a pledge
to uphold the principles of human dignity, equality and
equity, and free the world from extreme poverty. MDGs, with eight goals and a set of measurable timebound targets, established a blueprint for tackling the most pressing development challenges of our time. This report examines the latest progress towards achieving the MDGs.
Millions of people’s lives have improved due to concerted global, regional, national and local efforts to achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), which serve as the foundation for the next global development agenda, according to the report launched by the Secretary-General on 7 July 2014.
For more information:
http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/publications/mdg-report-2014.html#more-873
Millennium Development Goal progress report 2014, The
Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) were a pledge
to uphold the principles of human dignity, equality and
equity, and free the world from extreme poverty. The
MDGs, with eight goals and a set of measurable timebound
targets, established a blueprint for tackling the
most pressing development challenges of our time. This report examines the latest progress towards
achieving the MDGs. It reaffirms that the MDGs
have made a profound difference in people’s lives.
Global poverty has been halved five years ahead of
the 2015 timeframe. Ninety per cent of children in
developing regions now enjoy primary education, and
disparities between boys and girls in enrolment have
narrowed. Remarkable gains have also been made in
the fight against malaria and tuberculosis, along with
improvements in all health indicators. The likelihood of
a child dying before age five has been nearly cut in half
over the last two decades. That means that about 17,000
children are saved every day. We also met the target
of halving the proportion of people who lack access to
improved sources of water.
Bangladesh's progress on the MDGs
Bangladesh has already met several targets of the MDGs like reducing poverty gap ratio, attaining gender parity at primary and secondary education, under-five mortality rate reduction, containing HIV infection with access to antiretroviral drugs, children under five sleeping under insecticide treated bed nets, detection and cure rate of tuberculosis under directly observed treatment short course and others. In addition, Bangladesh has made remarkable progress in the areas of poverty reduction, reducing the prevalence of underweight children, increasing enrolment at primary schools, lowering the infant mortality rate and maternal mortality ratio, improving immunization coverage and reducing the incidence of communicable diseases.
The Household Income and Expenditure Survey of 2010 data show that the incidence of poverty is declining at a rate of 2.47 percent per year since 1991-92 in Bangladesh. It can be said that the target of halving the population living below the poverty line is already achieved in 2012.On the other hand, areas in need of greater attention are hunger-poverty reduction and employment generation, increases in primary school completion and adult literacy rates, creation of decent wage employment for women, increase in the presence of skilled health professionals at delivery, increase in correct and comprehensive knowledge on HIV/AIDS, increase in forest coverage, and coverage of information and communication technology.
United Nations Millennium Development Goals: the story so farDr Anoop Swarup
What are the achievements on the 15 year promise? : not yet, as there is a lot that is yet to be done and the priority is to urgently redefine our goals for the post 2015 agenda, taking cue from the UNDP-CII Consultation by Prof Anoop Swarup on the 23rd of Jan 2013
From MDGs to SDGs: Implementation, Challenges and Opportunities in NigeriaMabel Tola-Winjobi
Poverty, hunger, starvation and diseases were the major challenges facing the developing nations while the developed economies seemed to be enjoying the benefits of development including human rights, democracy, and good governance.
At the turn of the century, world leaders came together
at the United Nations and agreed on a bold vision for
the future through the Millennium Declaration. The
Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) were a pledge
to uphold the principles of human dignity, equality and
equity, and free the world from extreme poverty. MDGs, with eight goals and a set of measurable timebound targets, established a blueprint for tackling the most pressing development challenges of our time. This report examines the latest progress towards achieving the MDGs.
The Sustainable Development Goals—officially known as "Transforming our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development"—are an intergovernmental set of 17 aspirational goals and 169 targets. Building post-2015 on the accomplishments of the Millennium Development Goals, but cognizant also of their shortcomings, they combine economic, environmental, and social goals that now apply to all countries. They were developed in a broad two-year consultation process during which civil society, citizens, academics, scientists, and the private sector of all countries had the opportunity to contribute.
Existing Global Health Initiatives: Millennium Development Goalseduardocelestino3
The United Nations Millennium Development Goals are eight targets that all 191 UN Member States have agreed to achieve by 2015. All these goals cannot be attained without addressing each and everyone. All of them influence, affect, and depend on better global health programs and policies.
DESA News is an insider's look at the United Nations in the area of economic and social development policy. The newsletter is produced by the Communications and Information Management Service of the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs in collaboration with DESA Divisions. DESA News is issued every month.
Fin4 dev final project sd gs for youth and childrenErika D. Bruzonic
Young people, especially those who will become young adults during the 15-year time span covered by the SDGs have the inalienable right to be informed about this turning point in international development. With half of the world under the age of 30, it is crucial that this agenda puts young people at the forefront of change and development. These youngsters from around the world have already contributed to the post-2015 process in an unprecedented way, identifying and shaping the new development priorities – now they want to ensure they are seen as equal partners in their implementation and monitoring.
The Millennium Development Goals Report 2012 was launched in New York by the Secretary-General on 2 July 2012. The report presents the yearly assessment of global progress towards the MDGs, highlighting several milestones – three important MDG targets have been met well ahead of the target date of 2015. The report says that meeting the remaining targets, while challenging, remain possible - but only if Governments do not waiver from their commitments made over a decade ago. The report is based on a master set of data compiled by the Inter-Agency and Expert Group on MDG indicators led by the Statistics Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs.
The Millennium Development Goals Report 2013 shows that the combined actions of national governments, the international community, civil society and the private sector are making the achievement of the MDGs a reality.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
1. MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS
MDG- commonly described as a “roadmap for world development by 2015”. They embody the
core content of the current development agenda of “global governance”. They are treated as the
current framework of international development cooperation, to which there would allegedly be
no alternative. All countries and development agents have so far proven to comply with this
framework, reasoning and operating “inside the box”. The MDG framework will remain valid
until at least 2015, the “target date” established for its implementation. Although not a legally
binding instrument, nor even a formal UN resolution, the MDG framework has in practice
acquired a politically and morally compelling character.
What is the origin and history of the MDGs?
In the 1990s, UN member states went through an intense, historically unprecedented UN
conference process, aimed at “building consensus” on development priorities for the 21st
century. A consensus was proclaimed, even if the acrimonious debates that marked some of the
conferences (1994 Cairo conference on population and 1995 Beijing conference on women in
particular) were proof of the fakeness of the consensus. At the end of the 1990s, governments
experienced “conference fatigue”, and those actors at the rudder of global governance feared the
process launched by the conferences was losing steam.
The year 2000 was an opportunity the UN did not want to miss to reengage governments. Under
the influence of the UN Secretariat, at the Millennium Summit held in New-York in September
2000, 189 UN member-states adopted the Millennium Declaration – a declaration which
ideologically builds on the conference process of the 1990s. The Declaration, signed by 147
heads of states, substantially draws from the UN Secretary General Millennium Report published
in April 2000, We the Peoples: The Role of the United Nations in the 21st Century. The history
of the intergovernmental Declaration reveals the key role played by the UN Secretariat in the
drafting process, which raises the question: does the Declaration express the views of sovereign
governments and the will of the people these governments represent, or those of the experts
consulted by the UN Secretariat?
A year later, in August 2001, the UN Secretariat published the 8 Millennium Development Goals
(MDGs). The goals were devised, not by governments through an open debate as would have
been desirable, if the goals were to express the will of the people in developing countries, but by
a “working committee drawn from a range of UN bodies, including the World Bank, the
International Monetary Fund, UNICEF, the Population Fund and the World Health Organization,
as well as the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development” (1). The goals were
not the object of a formal resolution of the UN General Assembly, but it was taken for granted
that they reformulated the intergovernmental Declaration and were to frame international
development cooperation until 2015. The history of the goals’ origin makes it clear that they are
not, strictly speaking, an intergovernmental product, but an initiative driven by the UN
Secretariat and its “experts”: a fuzzy, “formal-informal” situation.
2. Goals, Targets and Indicators of MDG
The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) are eight international development goals that
were established following the Millennium Summit of the United Nations in 2000, following the
adoption of the United Nations Millennium Declaration. All 189 United Nations member states
at the time (there are 193 currently) and at least 23 international organizations committed to help
achieve the following Millennium Development Goals by 2015:
1. To eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
2. To achieve universal primary education
3. To promote gender equality and empower women
4. To reduce child mortality
5. To improve maternal health
6. To combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases
7. To ensure environmental sustainability
8. To develop a global partnership for development
Each goal has specific targets and dates for achieving those targets. To accelerate progress, the
G8 Finance Ministers agreed in June 2005 to provide enough funds to the World Bank, the
International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the African Development Bank (AfDB) to cancel $40 to
$55 billion in debt owed by members of the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) to allow
them to redirect resources to programs for improving health and education and for alleviating
poverty.
Criticisms accompanied the MDGs, focusing on lack of analysis and justification behind the
chosen objectives, the difficulty or lack of measurements for some goals and uneven progress,
among others. Although developed countries' aid for achieving the MDGs rose during the
challenge period, more than half went for debt relief, with much of the remained going towards
natural disaster relief and military aid which do not further development.
As of 2013 progress towards the goals was uneven. Some countries achieved many goals, while
others were not on track to realize any. A UN conference in September 2010 reviewed progress
and concluded with the adoption of a global plan to achieve the eight goals by their target date.
New commitments targeted women's and children's health and new initiatives in the worldwide
battle against poverty, hunger and disease.
Among the non-governmental organizations assisting were the United Nations Millennium
Campaign, the Millennium Promise Alliance, Inc., the Global Poverty Project, the Micah
Challenge, The Youth in Action EU Programme, "Cartoons in Action" video project and the 8
Visions of Hope global art project.
3. The MDGs were developed out of several commitments set forth in the Millennium Declaration,
signed in September 2000. There are eight goals with 21 targets, and a series of measurable
health indicators and economic indicators for each target.
Goal 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
Target 1A: Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people living on less
than $1.25 a day
o Poverty gap ratio [incidence x depth of poverty]
o Share of poorest quintile in national consumption
Target 1B: Achieve Decent Employment for Women, Men, and Young People
o GDP Growth per Employed Person
o Employment Rate
o Proportion of employed population below $1.25 per day (PPP values)
o Proportion of family-based workers in employed population
Target 1C: Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people who suffer from
hunger
o Prevalence of underweight children under five years of age
o Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption
Goal 2: Achieve universal primary education
Target 2A: By 2015, all children can complete a full course of primary schooling,
girls and boys
o Enrollment in primary education
o Completion of primary education
Goal 3: Promote gender equality and empower women
Target 3A: Eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education
preferably by 2005, and at all levels by 2015
o Ratios of girls to boys in primary, secondary and tertiary education
o Share of women in wage employment in the non-agricultural sector
o Proportion of seats held by women in national parliament
Goal 4: Reduce child mortality rates
Target 4A: Reduce by two-thirds, between 1990 and 2015, the under-five mortality
rate
o Under-five mortality rate
o Infant (under 1) mortality rate
o Proportion of 1-year-old children immunized against measles
Goal 5: Improve maternal health
4. Target 5A: Reduce by three quarters, between 1990 and 2015, the maternal
mortality ratio
o Maternal mortality ratio
o Proportion of births attended by skilled health personnel
Target 5B: Achieve, by 2015, universal access to reproductive health
o Contraceptive prevalence rate
o Adolescent birth rate
o Antenatal care coverage
o Unmet need for family planning
Goal 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases
Target 6A: Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS
o HIV prevalence among population aged 15–24 years
o Condom use at last high-risk sex
o Proportion of population aged 15–24 years with comprehensive correct
knowledge of HIV/AIDS
Target 6B: Achieve, by 2010, universal access to treatment for HIV/AIDS for all
those who need it
o Proportion of population with advanced HIV infection with access to
antiretroviral drugs
Target 6C: Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the incidence of malaria and
other major diseases
o Prevalence and death rates associated with malaria
o Proportion of children under 5 sleeping under insecticide-treated bednets
o Proportion of children under 5 with fever who are treated with appropriate anti-
malarial drugs
o Incidence, prevalence and death rates associated with tuberculosis
o Proportion of tuberculosis cases detected and cured under DOTS (Directly
Observed Treatment Short Course)
2013 educational improvement
Goal 7: Ensure environmental sustainability
Target 7A: Integrate the principles of sustainable development into country policies
and programs; reverse loss of environmental resources
Target 7B: Reduce biodiversity loss, achieving, by 2010, a significant reduction in
the rate of loss
o Proportion of land area covered by forest
o CO2 emissions, total, per capita and per $1 GDP (PPP)
o Consumption of ozone-depleting substances
o Proportion of fish stocks within safe biological limits
o Proportion of total water resources used
o Proportion of terrestrial and marine areas protected
o Proportion of species threatened with extinction
5. Target 7C: Halve, by 2015, the proportion of the population without sustainable
access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation (for more information see the
entry on water supply)
o Proportion of population with sustainable access to an improved water source,
urban and rural
o Proportion of urban population with access to improved sanitation
Target 7D: By 2020, to have achieved a significant improvement in the lives of at
least 100 million slum-dwellers
o Proportion of urban population living in slums
Goal 8: Developa global partnership for development
Target 8A: Develop further an open, rule-based, predictable, non-discriminatory
trading and financial system
o Includes a commitment to good governance, development, and poverty reduction
– both nationally and internationally
Target 8B: Address the Special Needs of the Least Developed Countries (LDCs)
o Includes: tariff and quota free access for LDC exports; enhanced programme of
debt relief for HIPC and cancellation of official bilateral debt; and more
generous ODA (Official Development Assistance) for countries committed to
poverty reduction
Target 8C: Address the special needs of landlocked developing countries and small
island developing States
o Through the Programme of Action for the Sustainable Development of Small
Island Developing States and the outcome of the twenty-second special session of
the General Assembly
Target 8D: Deal comprehensively with the debt problems of developing countries
through national and international measures in order to make debt sustainable in
the long term
o Some of the indicators listed below are monitored separately for the least
developed countries (LDCs), Africa, landlocked developing countries and small
island developing States.
o Official development assistance (ODA):
Net ODA, total and to LDCs, as percentage of OECD/DAC donors’ GNI
Proportion of total sector-allocable ODA of OECD/DAC donors to basic
social services (basic education, primary health care, nutrition, safe water
and sanitation)
Proportion of bilateral ODA of OECD/DAC donors that is untied
ODA received in landlocked countries as proportion of their GNIs
ODA received in small island developing States as proportion of their
GNIs
o Market access:
Proportion of total developed country imports (by value and excluding
arms) from developing countries and from LDCs, admitted free of duty
Average tariffs imposed by developed countries on agricultural products
and textiles and clothing from developing countries
6. Agricultural support estimate for OECD countries as percentage of their
GDP
Proportion of ODA provided to help build trade capacity
o Debt sustainability:
Total number of countries that have reached their HIPC decision points
and number that have reached their HIPC completion points (cumulative)
Debt relief committed under HIPC initiative, US$
Debt service as a percentage of exports of goods and services
Target 8E: In co-operation with pharmaceutical companies, provide access to
affordable, essential drugs in developing countries
o Proportion of population with access to affordable essential drugs on a
sustainable basis
Target 8F: In co-operation with the private sector, make available the benefits of
new technologies, especially information and communications
o Telephone lines and cellular subscribers per 100 population
o Personal computers in use per 100 population
o Internet users per 100 Population