The kidney is an organ that filters waste from the blood and regulates fluid balance. It contains an outer cortex and inner medulla. Blood enters via the renal artery and leaves via the renal vein after being filtered through nephrons. Urine is drained from the kidney through the ureter into the bladder. Kidney functions include filtering waste, regulating minerals and producing hormones. Kidney diseases can be acute or chronic and cause injury or failure requiring dialysis or transplant. Kidney stones form from minerals in the urine.
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The urinary system's function is to filter blood and create urine as a waste by-product. The organs of the urinary system include the kidneys, renal pelvis, ureters, bladder and urethra.The body takes nutrients from food and converts them to energy. After the body has taken the food components that it needs, waste products are left behind in the bowel and in the blood.
The kidney and urinary systems help the body to eliminate liquid waste called urea, and to keep chemicals, such as potassium and sodium, and water in balance. Urea is produced when foods containing protein, such as meat, poultry, and certain vegetables, are broken down in the body. Urea is carried in the bloodstream to the kidneys, where it is removed along with water and other wastes in the form of urine. Kidney and urinary system parts and their functions
Two kidneys. This pair of purplish-brown organs is located below the ribs toward the middle of the back. Their function is to:
Remove waste products and drugs from the body
Balance the body's fluids
Release hormones to regulate blood pressure
Control production of red blood cells
The kidneys remove urea from the blood through tiny filtering units called nephrons. Each nephron consists of a ball formed of small blood capillaries, called a glomerulus, and a small tube called a renal tubule. Urea, together with water and other waste substances, forms the urine as it passes through the nephrons and down the renal tubules of the kidney.
Two ureters. These narrow tubes carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder. Muscles in the ureter walls continually tighten and relax forcing urine downward, away from the kidneys. If urine backs up, or is allowed to stand still, a kidney infection can develop. About every 10 to 15 seconds, small amounts of urine are emptied into the bladder from the ureters.
Bladder. This triangle-shaped, hollow organ is located in the lower abdomen. It is held in place by ligaments that are attached to other organs and the pelvic bones. The bladder's walls relax and expand to store urine, and contract and flatten to empty urine through the urethra. The typical healthy adult bladder can store up to two cups of urine for two to five hours.
Upon examination, specific "landmarks" are used to describe the location of any irregularities in the bladder. These are:
Trigone: a triangle-shaped region near the junction of the urethra and the bladder
Right and left lateral walls: walls on either side of the trigone
Posterior wall: back wall
Dome: roof of the bladder
The Excretory system is responsible for the elimination of wastes produced by homeostasis.
There are several parts of the body that are involved in this process, such as sweat glands, the liver, the lungs and the kidney system. ... From there, urine is expelled through the urethra and out of the body.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) means your kidneys are damaged and can't filter blood the way they should. The disease is called “chronic” because the damage to your kidneys happens slowly over a long period of time.
3. Adrenal gland- An endocrine gland that
sits on top of the kidney
Renal pelvis- The expanded proximal end
of the ureter, the renal pelvis receives
urine from the calyces
Renal Capsule- carries oxygenated blood
to the kidney.
Renal vein-Carries de- oxygenated blood
away from the kidney
4. Medulla- The middle portion of the
internal structure of the kidney.
Ureter- Tubule that drains urine from the
kidney into the bladder
Cortex- The outer portion of the internal
structure of the kidney
Abdominal Aorta- The renal arteries
branch off from this large blood vessel.
Inferior vena cava- The main blood
vessel that drains blood from the lower
part of the body.
Calyx- The cuplike extension of the renal
pelvis that urine empties into.
5. Maintain the balance of water and
concentration of minerals. Such as
sodium, potassium, and phosphorus in
your blood
Remove waste by products from the
blood after digestion, muscle activity
and exposure to chemical or
medications.
Produce venin, an enzymes that help
regulate blood pressure.
7. Acute Kidney Injury- Can occur with
blood loss, the sudden reduction of
blood loss, the sudden reduction of
blood flow to the kidney.
Chronic Kidney disease- means kidneys
are damaged and cant filter blood as
they should. This could cause waste to
build up in your body. Diabetes and high
blood pressure are the most common
cause of chronic kidney disease. The
only option for kidney failure are dialysis
or kidney transplantation.
8. Kidney Stone- Is a solid concretion or
crystal aggregation formed in the
kidneys from dietary minerals in the urine
The risk of stone formation includes low
fluid intake and high dietary intake of
animal protein, sodium, refined sugars,
fructose and high fructose corn syrup.
9. They leave the body by passage in the
urine stream.
80% is men with kidney stone between
the ages of 30-40.
10. They leave the body by passage in the
urine stream.
80% is men with kidney stone between
the ages of 30-40.