The document discusses the hydrological cycle, which is the continuous movement of water on, above, and below the Earth's surface, powered by energy from the sun. It describes the main stages as evaporation, transpiration, condensation, precipitation, infiltration, and runoff. It also addresses human impacts such as pollution and how we withdraw water for agriculture, drinking, and industry.

1. Hydrological
Cycle
by: Bibiana Paulsen

2. The Hydrological Cycle:
• What is the hydrological cycle?
• The stages of the water cycle.
• Overview of the worlds water.
• Human impacts on the water cycle.
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3. What is the Hydrological cycle?
• The hydrological cycle which is also known as the
water cycle which is a continuous process by which
water is circulated throughout the earths land, the
atmosphere and oceans.
• The cycle is powered by the energy of the sun.
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Evaporation
Condensation
PrecipitationInfiltration
Surface Run-
off

4. The stages of the water cycle:
Evaporation
Transpiration
Condensation
Precipitation
Infiltration & runoff
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5. Evaporation
• Water is transferred to the atmosphere when liquid turns into gas. The suns heat
provides energy to evaporate the water.
• 80% of the water is coming from oceans and 20% from inland water and
vegetation. Most of the water evaporated from ocean returns back to the ocean,
some of the water is transported over land before it is precipitated out.
• Winds transport the evaporated water around the globe, influencing the humidity
of the air.
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6. Transpiration
• This is the process where plants absorb water through the roots and then lose
water some of the water through pores in their leaves.
• Plants lose water to the atmosphere which then evaporates.
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7. Precipitation
• When tiny condensation particles grow to large, water is then released in a form of rain,
sleet, snow or hail.
• This water returns back to the ocean and land.
• Moisture is transported around the globe until it returns to the surface as precipitation.
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8. Infiltration and Run-off
• Infiltration: Water from the ground surface soaks into the ground which becomes
ground water or soil moisture.
• Run-off: When there is excessive precipitation the ground becomes saturated
which leads to surface run-off. The water empties into lakes, rivers and streams
and is carried back to the oceans, where the cycle begins again.
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9. The process of the Hydrological Cycle
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10. Overview of the Worlds Water
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When you get thirsty, you might reach for a glass and fill it with water from the
tap. That water might have fallen from the sky as rain just last week. But the same
water has been around for pretty much as long as the earth has. Earths water is
always in motion – a continuous cycle on, above, and below the surface.

11. Human impacts on the water cycle
• We take water out of the system to irrigate crops, to provide us with drinking water and to
carry out many of our industrial processes. We add substances to the water – intentionally
or not. As precipitation falls on the ground and moves into rivers and creeks, it picks up a
whole range of pollutants. In rural areas these pollutants may include farm pesticides,
herbicides and fertilizers as well as wastes from faulty septic systems and improperly
handled manure. In urban areas, the pollutants may include gas, oil, pet waste, fertilizers,
pesticides, salt and treated human waste from sewage treatment plants.
• When rain that falls from the sky and flows through our streams that is contaminated.
These contaminants may infect plant or animal life including human beings, or reduce their
ability to grow and reproduce. The reduced flow will likely affect the local water supply but
it may eventually change the local environment and alter the plant and animal species that
are found here. As we place different stresses on this system, we run the risk of altering or
overloading it and causing serious harm.
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12. EUTROPHICATION
The process by which a body of water becomes enriched in dissolved nutrients
(such as phosphates) that stimulate the growth of aquatic plant life usually resulting
in the depletion of dissolved oxygen
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13. Citation
• Mishufashenaaz, S. (2018) Hydrological cycle PowerPoint presentation. Available from slideshare at
https://www.slideshare.net/SherinMishufashenaaz/hydrological-cycle-powerpoint-
presentation?qid=334de4ff-179b-427e-b2a5-a7c7f1aadb51&v=&b=&from_search=1 (Accessed 30
august 2018)
• Kushwah, P. (2014) The hydrological cycle. Available from slideshare at
https://www.slideshare.net/kushwahpa/the-hydrologicalcycle?qid=51c329e5-eed1-4071-a885-
8a18a46d06a1&v=&b=&from_search=7 (Accessed 30 August 2018)
• Gestoso, M. (2013) Human impacts on hydrological cycle. Available from slideshare at
https://www.slideshare.net/jedelsa/human-impacts-on-hydrological-cycle?qid=f347db71-61ed-4ca6-
b00e-306d3ee0f977&v=&b=&from_search=10 (Accessed 30 August 2018)
• Gundaniya, J. (2014) Hydrological Cycle. Available from slideshare at
https://www.slideshare.net/jayanshugundaniya9/hydrological-cycle-41045130?qid=14867b96-6e67-
413a-9c40-a17452ad069c&v=&b=&from_search=8 (Accessed 30 ausgust 2018).
• Irshad, k. (2018) Hydrological cycle and its components. Available from slideshare at
https://www.slideshare.net/KinzaKhan32/hydrological-cycle-and-its-components?qid=ebd8da08-3882-
41a0-96d0-d1b2aa4eb238&v=&b=&from_search=6 (Accessed 30 august 2018)
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