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The document provides details about the House of Lords, including its history dating back to the 11th century. It discusses the roles and functions of the House of Lords such as scrutinizing legislation and serving as the final court of appeal. The document also outlines the membership and leadership structure including the Lord Speaker, as well as daily business proceedings and select committees.
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House of Lords
This document provides information about the House of Lords in the UK government. It discusses that the House of Lords dates back to the 14th century, currently has around 730 members, and is located in the Palace of Westminster along with the House of Commons. It then defines the four types of Lords: Life Peers who are appointed for life; Law Lords who are senior judges; Bishops and Archbishops from the Church of England; and a small number of Elected Hereditary Peers who inherited their titles. The document assigns a research task for outlining the duties of the House of Lords and looks ahead to the next session focusing on the role of the Monarch in Parliament.
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The UK Parliament is made up of two chambers - the House of Lords and the House of Commons. The House of Commons is the more powerful chamber, composed of 650 elected members of parliament. The House of Lords has around 750 members, most of whom inherit their titles. Both chambers review and pass laws, while the government runs the country day-to-day. The monarch plays a largely ceremonial role, signing new laws and meeting with the prime minister weekly. Parliament provides oversight of the government to ensure it properly administers the UK.
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separation of powers
Montesquieu developed the theory of separation of powers which proposes that a government's power be divided into legislative, executive, and judicial branches. This prevents any one branch from holding absolute power. In his writings, Montesquieu argued the executive and legislative powers should be separate to protect liberty. Checks and balances allow each branch to limit the others' power. Bangladesh follows this model with Parliament (legislative), the Prime Minister and Cabinet (executive), and the Supreme Court (judicial). However, complete separation is difficult and some criticize that it can hinder efficient administration.
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The sources of the British constitution include historic documents, statutes and acts of Parliament, common law, and conventions. Some key historic documents that outline rights and agreements between the monarch and subjects include the Magna Carta from 1215, the Petition of Rights, and the Bill of Rights. Statutes passed by Parliament over time also contribute to the constitution, such as the Habeas Corpus Act, the Act of Settlement, and Reform Acts. Unwritten common law established through precedent forms another source. Finally, uncodified political conventions that are followed out of tradition also shape the British system.
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1) Government and individuals are accountable under the law.
2) Laws are clear, publicized, stable, just, applied evenly and protect fundamental rights.
3) Laws are enacted, administered and enforced through processes that are accessible, fair and efficient.
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The document summarizes events in 17th century English history related to the constitutional monarchy. It discusses the Magna Carta limiting royal power, conflicts between King James I and Parliament over taxation and divine right of kings. The Gunpowder Plot attempted to blow up Parliament. King Charles I repeatedly clashed with Parliament over funds and dissolved it, leading to the English Civil War between Royalists and Parliamentarians. Oliver Cromwell emerged as the leader of the Parliamentary army and ruled as Lord Protector during the Interregnum period until the Restoration of the monarchy under King Charles II.
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The document summarizes events in 17th century English history related to the constitutional monarchy. It discusses the Magna Carta limiting royal power, conflicts between King James I and Parliament over taxation and divine right of kings. The Gunpowder Plot attempted to blow up Parliament. King Charles I repeatedly clashed with Parliament over funds and dissolved it, leading to the English Civil War between Royalists and Parliamentarians. Oliver Cromwell emerged as the leader of the Parliamentary army and ruled as Lord Protector during the Interregnum period until the Restoration of the monarchy under King Charles II.
Ch.16
The document summarizes events in 17th century English history related to the constitutional monarchy. It discusses the Magna Carta limiting royal power, conflicts between King James I and Parliament over taxation and divine right of kings. The Gunpowder Plot attempted to blow up Parliament. King Charles I repeatedly clashed with Parliament over funds and dissolved it, leading to the English Civil War between Royalists and Parliamentarians. Oliver Cromwell emerged as the leader of the Parliamentary army and ruled as Lord Protector during the Interregnum period until the Restoration of the monarchy under King Charles II.
History of the united kingdom
The Union of the Crowns in 1603 united Scotland and England under one monarch with the accession of James VI of Scotland to the English throne. Relations deteriorated between King Charles I and Parliament in the 1640s due to disagreements over taxation and the divine right of kings, leading to the English Civil War. Oliver Cromwell emerged victorious for Parliament in 1648 and Charles I was executed. This led to a republic called the Commonwealth of England until 1660 when the monarchy was restored under Charles II. The Glorious Revolution of 1688 established constitutional monarchy and Parliament's sovereignty over the monarch with the accession of William and Mary.
Ch 16.2
This document discusses the rise of absolutism and constitutionalism in Western Europe between 1589-1715. It describes how absolutist monarchs influenced culture through patronage of the arts like Baroque art and music. Court culture centered around Versailles, while French classicism glorified King Louis XIV. Constitutionalism emerged in England, where monarchs' power was limited by Parliament establishing a system of checks. The Dutch Republic was a federation run by wealthy merchants' assemblies with religious tolerance and commercial prosperity.
Louis xiv & english civil wars overheads
This document discusses absolutism in France under King Louis XIV and the struggle between the king and Parliament in 17th century England. It provides background on Louis XIV's rule in France from 1643-1715 and the construction of Versailles as a symbol of his absolute power. In England, it outlines the conflicts between King Charles I and Parliament, culminating in the king's execution in 1649. It then discusses the restoration of the monarchy under Charles II and the establishment of a constitutional monarchy with William and Mary that balanced power between the monarch and Parliament.
Colonial Government
The document summarizes colonial government in Britain's American colonies in the late 1700s. Each colony had an elected assembly to make laws, but colonists had no representation in the British Parliament. Royal governors appointed by the king enforced British laws and often disagreed with the assemblies. Virginia's House of Burgesses was the most successful assembly, allowing colonies to make internal laws while still being subject to Britain.
lecture4g.pptx
This document discusses the history of Poland from its origins in the 10th century to its partitions in the late 18th century. It covers the establishment of the Polish kingdom, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, conflicts with neighboring powers like Teutonic Order and Sweden, and reforms prior to the partitions by Prussia, Russia and Austria. Contemporary Polish historians debated why Poland was partitioned and what could be done to regain independence, citing reasons like weaknesses in Poland's government and constitution, oppression of peasants, and needing modernization.
Late Middle Ages Europe
This document provides background on the development of constitutional monarchy in England from 1215 to 1688. Key events include the Magna Carta in 1215, which established limits on royal power; the Model Parliament of 1295, which gave parliament power over taxation; and the Elizabethan period, which established a balance of power between the monarch and parliament. Tensions increased under the Stuart kings James I and Charles I, leading to the English Civil War between Royalists and Parliamentarians from 1642-1649 and the establishment of the Commonwealth and Protectorate. The Restoration in 1660 saw the return of the monarchy under Charles II, but religious conflicts increased under James II, culminating in the Glorious Revolution of 1
How has nursing practice evolved over time Discuss the key leader.docx
How has nursing practice evolved over time? Discuss the key leaders and historical events that have influenced the advancement of nursing, nursing education, and nursing roles that are now part of the contemporary nursing profession.
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INTRODUCTION
ENGLAND is a small island country situated off the northern coast of France. Throughout its
history, the country has been referred to as England, Great Britain, and the United Kingdom.
The official name changes occurred as a result of England’s political union with its
territorial neighbors. For example, in 1707, England and Wales united with Scotland. This
geographic alliance became known as Great Britain. When the southern counties of Ireland
formed the Irish Free State in 1922, the official name of Britain changed again—this time
to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
In this chapter, we are concerned only with the geographical area known as England
and Wales. The reasons for this are quite simple. Scotland is not a common law country;
its criminal justice system consists of a mixture of common and civil law. This was a result
of its political association with France in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Scotland
retained some of the legal characteristics that are indigenous to civil law countries such as
France. Northern Ireland is not included in this study as a result of the problems that exist
between the Protestant and Catholic factions of that country. The serious nature of these
problems, although they are beginning to be resolved, has caused the criminal justice system
to be altered somewhat from the common law system that exists in England and Wales.
England and Wales encompass an area of 58,350 square miles, which is a little larger
than the state of Michigan (see Figure 1.1). Many of the roughly 57 million inhabitants
live in the highly industrialized cities of the country. Although England no longer retains
the industrial supremacy it once possessed, the country continues to be a world leader in
the manufacture of heavy machinery. Agriculture, fishing, and oil are some of England’s
other important industries. The legacy that the people of England have given the rest of
the world is significant and indeed remarkable. The English have made major contributions
in science, philosophy, literature, and the arts, but their most important and striking
contribution to the historical evolution of civilization has been the creation of the common
law and the development of parliamentary democracy.
GOVERNMENT
The foundation for England’s political and legal institutions was established between the
eleventh and fourteenth centuries. It was at this time that the monarchy negotiated several
compromises with the nobility and, in the process, asserted its central authority. Following
the English Civil War, which occurred during the first half of the seventeenth century,
the modern basis for the country’s political institut ...
Reading activity
The House of Lords is one of the two chambers that make up the British Parliament alongside the House of Commons. It is an unelected body made up of 26 senior Church of England clerics and 669 hereditary peers. While it was once more powerful than the Commons, its powers have declined since the 19th century and it can now only delay, not reject, legislation passed by the lower house. In addition to legislative functions, the House of Lords also serves as the highest court of appeal in some cases.
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Various acts strengthen the role of british parliament
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How has nursing practice evolved over time Discuss the key leader.docx
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The house of lords presentation final
- 1. TheHouseofLords Liisa-Andra Lohu Supervisors: Tiia Pukk, Marje Maasen Carl Robert Jakobson Gymnasium 11c 2011
- 2. UpperhouseoftheParliament AssemblesinthePalaceofWestminster Scrutinises legislation Complements the work of the House of Commons Judicial role – final Court of Appeal TheHouseofLords
- 3. 11th century: originsoftheParliament 14th century: twodistincthousesemerge 1642: bishopswereexcludeduntil 1661 Bill of Rights 1689: Parliament’sauthorityover King 1707; 1800: ActsofUnion 1847: Bishopricof Manchester Act AppellateJurisdictionAct 1876: judicialrights History: Beforethe 20th Century
- 4. ParliamentAct 1911: approvinglaws ParliamentAct 1949: changedtheActof 1911 LifePeeragesAct 1958: lifetimepeerages HouseofLordsAct 1999: no hereditarypeers History: the 20th Century
- 5. Constitutional Reform Act 2005: judicialfunctionremoved 2006: electionsfor a Lord Speaker 2009: newsupremecourt History: the 21st century
- 6. Represents the House of Lords Appointed by the members of the House of Lords Maximum term of 5 years Should be politically impartial Baroness Hayman Leadership: the Lord Speaker
- 7. Arranges government business Reminds the House of their rules on proceedings Determines the order of Speakers on Supplementary Questions Lord Strathclyde Leadership: the Leader
- 8. Life Peers Archbishops and bishops Elected hereditary Peers Membership
- 9. House of Lords Appointments Commission New Year’s Honours and Birthday Honours DissolutionHonours ResignationHonours Politicallists/’workingPeers’ Adhocannouncements Archbishops and bishops Speakers Ways of Becoming a Member
- 10. Make laws Check the work ofthe Government Form committees Do not draw salaries Individual Lords
- 11. EuropeanUnionSelectCommittee Science and TechnologySelectCommittee ConstitutionSelectCommittee EconomicAffairsCommittee Ad-hocCommittees SelectCommittees
- 12. Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday 2:30pm (Wed 3pm): Oral questions 3pm (Wed 3:30pm): Legislative business 7:30pm: Short debate 10pm: House rises Thursday 11am: Oral questions 11:30am: General debates 7pm: House rises Friday 10am: Legislations Daily Business
- 13. References http://shrt.st/12u8 http://shrt.st/12u9 http://shrt.st/12u6 http://shrt.st/12ud http://shrt.st/12uf http://shrt.st/12ug http://shrt.st/12ui http://shrt.st/12uk http://shrt.st/12ul http://shrt.st/12un http://shrt.st/12uq http://shrt.st/12v2
Editor's Notes
- Thefunctionsofthe Lord Speaker are totakethechairin debates, toadvisetheHouseofLords on proceduralrules; tospeakfortheHouseofLords on importantoccasions and tobeitsambassadorinthe UK and overseas. The Lord Speaker is elected bythemembersoftheHouseofLordsfor a maximum term of five years, and may serve a maximum of two terms.The Lord Speakerisexpectedtobepoliticallyimpartialwhichmeansnotbelongingtoanypoliticalparties. Thecurrent Lord SpeakerisBaronessHayman (sinceJuly 2006).
- TheLeaderis a memberoftheCabinetoftheUnitedKingdom.HeisthemostseniormemberoftheGovernmentintheLords and isresponsibleforarranginggovernmentbusiness and hasresponsibilitiestotheHouseas a wholeeventhoughheis a partisan figure. AsthepeerscontroltheirproceedingsintheHouseofLordsbutthere are stillcertainrulesset, theLeaderhastoremindoftheserules. TheLeaderalsodeterminesthe order ofSpeakers on SupplementaryQuestions. ThecurrentLeaderis Lord Strathclyde (sinceMay 2010). HeisalsotheleaderoftheConservativeParty.
- Life Peers are appointed for their lifetime and they make up the majority of the membership, it is about 630 out of about 750. The power to appoint them belongs to the Crown but the advice of the Prime Minister is important. Their titles are not passed on to their children. 26 Church of England archbishops and bishops (the Archbishop of Canterbury, the Archbishop of York, the Bishop of London, the Bishop of Durham, the Bishop of Winchester and the 21 longest-serving bishops from other dioceses in the Church of England) sit in the House, passing their membership on to the next most senior bishop when they retire. The right of hereditary Peers to sit and vote in the House of Lords was ended in 1999 by the House of Lords Act but 92 Members were elected to remain until the next stage of the Lords reform process.
- 1. It has two main functions: tomake recommendations to the Queen for non-political Peers and to vet for propriety all nominations forpeerages, including those from political parties. 2. To celebrate the Queen’s official birthday in early June but it has become rare. 3. Some MPs from all parties who are leaving the House of Commons may be given peerages. 4. When a prime minister resigns, he or she may recommend peerages for people who have supported them. 5. The Members who have been appointed on a party basis. 6. These can cover peerages for someone appointed as a minister who is not a Member of the House. 7. The remaining diocesan bishops qualify for membership according to seniority. 8. Former Speakers of the House of Commons have traditionally been awarded a peerage at the request of theHouse of Commons.
- The members propose, revise and amend legislation. Checking the work of the Government means that the Lords question and debate over the decisions made by Ministers and Government Departments. There are committees the work of which is related to Europe, science and technology, economics, communication, constitution. At times, one-off committees are formed to deal with issues which don’t belong to these areas.The Lords are not paid for their work, except for the Government Ministers, the Lord Speaker, the Chairman of Committees and the Principal Deputy Chairman.
- Oral Questions: questions to the Government. Sometimes some issues are raised to find out the Government’s position on it. Legislative business: proposals for new laws are discussed. Short debate: for an hour, a short debate on a particular subject is held to shape public policy. House rises: the business is finished at this time. General debates: debates on a wide variety of subjects are initiated by backbench Members. Legislation: the House considers the proposals for new laws from backbench Members. BackbenchMembers are memberswhodon’thaveanimportantofficialposition.